CHILDREN AND LEARNING DISABILITY

1
CHILDREN AND LEARNING DISABILITY

• Presented by-
• Mrs. Sharada Rangarajan

2
TOPIC

• CLASSROOM SITUATION
• Role of an effective teacher

3
TOPIC

• 2. DEFINITION
• DYSLEXIA - Medical Term
• LEARNING
• DISABLITY - Educational Term

4
TOPIC

• 3.IDENTIFICATION POINTERS
• TO DYSLEXIA
• It is not the result of low IQ
• Language deficiency
• Lacks strategies
• Poor Memory
• Looks brighter than his reading and writing task
  suggest

Contd
5
Pointers to Dyslexia Contd

• Inadequate attention span
• Lacks self regulatory
• mechanism
• Disability in motor activities both fine and
  gross
• Poor self esteem and confidence
• Late in deciding which hand to use
• Late talker and walker

6
DEFINITION

• The simplest definition is
• difficulty in learning to
• READ
• WRITE
• ARITHMETIC

3 R
7
LEARNING DISORDER IN ACADEMIC AREA

• Discrepancy in their work
• Directional confusion
• Problem in sequence
• Difficulty in following instructions
• Poor ability to draw geometrical shapes big
  small, tall short
• Contd

8
LEARNING DISORDER IN ACADEMIC AREA

• Problem in reading time, money value etc
• Cannot give rhyming words
• Difficulty with alphabet e.g. -sequencing, mixing
  capital lower case letters
• A d C b E f i g H I J L K M n o p r q t u w y z
• Confusion with symbols
• b - d n u 6 q p q n
  z
• w m f t h y r n x
  
• -
• 
  Contd

9
LEARNING DISORDER IN ACADEMIC AREA

• Errors in spelling e.g.- mirror image 18 as 81
  misses the correct order, misplaces silent
  letters
• Does not perceive difference between similar
  consonant sounds
• Avoids oral reading, reads with inaccuracy,
  misses out small words like for, when, in etc
• b d m n c s b p
• d t s z f-v g- k
• Has problem in mathematical
• calculations

10
LEARNING DISORDER IN ACADEMIC AREA

• Asks the speaker to repeat while taking
  dictation
• Avoids writing , erases, overwrites,
• hides his work
• May have some hidden talents
• Makes typical errors in reading
• and writing

11

• Each student may have unique deficiency.
• He/she may exhibit difficulty in one area and be
  perfectly normal in other areas.
• NO TWO DYSLEXICS ARE THE SAME

12
REMEDIAL THERAPY

• Basics- Letter , names , sounds and words
• II. Sound Blending Syllable
• III. Spelling rules - Simple
• IV. Phonetic Method
• V. Multi-sensory activities- see,
  read, write say , review

13
REMEDIAL THERAPY

• VI. Pneumonic cues e.g.- hat becomes what
  with w in the front
• VII. Provide Kinesthetic cues e.g.-
• a- at the chair, e- edge, i in ,
• o-on, u under
• VIII. Visual and Auditory cues
• Give simple and short directions
• X. Tape recorders

14
How learning happens?

• The brain receives the visual and
  auditory information by seeing/listening
• 1
  

Monitors the results by visual
auditory clues
3
2 Sets the fine motor
impulses into action
15
ASSOCIATED BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS

• 1. When does a particular behavioral
• pattern become a PROBLEM ?
• 2. Why do problems arise in the child?
• Inherited
• Poor/low I.Q.
• Serious illness
• Mild brain dysfunction
• e) Defective sensory organs
• f) Problems associated with learning disability
  e.g.-ADHD

16
ADHD

• POINTERS-
• 1.Fidgets
• 2.Gets distracted
• 3.Talks excessively
• 4.Comes out with answers before the
• question is finished
• 5. Problem in following instructions
• 6. Difficulty in waiting for turns in
  games
• 7. Difficulty in sustaining attention

17
ADHD- Pointers

• 8. Difficulty in playing quietly
• 9. Careless about his own
• belongings
• 10. Problem in getting seated
• 11. Engages himself in dangerous activities/games
• 12. No anticipation
• 13.Shifts from one uncompleted activity to
  another
• 14.Interferes in others tasks /games

18
LIST OF PREACADEMIC SKILLS

• Colour Recognition
• Visual Discrimination
• Visual Memory
• 4. Identification of body parts
• 5. Taking instructions
• 6. Verbal fluency
• 7. Articulation sounds( pictures with
• names which have different sounds)

8. Gross motor co-ordination
19
LIST OF PREACADEMIC SKILLS

• 9.Fine motor co-ordination
• 10.Counting- ask to count by rote
• 11. Alphabets- ask to recite
• 12. Write numbers in sequence
• 13. Write alphabets in sequence
• 14. Auditory Memory
• 15.Write his/her name

20
SIMPLE WAYS TO HELP CHILDREN WITH LEARNING
DISABILITY

• Preferential Seating
• Eye contact before giving
• instructions
• Reduced Assignments
• Special Projects in lieu with homework
• Multiple Choice Questions

21
SIMPLE WAYS TO HELP CHILDREN WITH LEARNING
DISABILITY

• Peer Study buddy to help him get
• organised
• Cut Assignments into segments
• Help children learn self-monitoring techniques
• Provide extra time to complete the task
• Enlist parents help

22
SIMPLE WAYS TO HELP CHILDREN WITH LEARNING
DISABILITY

• Frequent positive encouragement
• Find things he/she is good at
• Encourage hobbies interest
• in games/cultural activities
• Praise him/her for the effort
• GREAT ENEMIES
• TIME QUANTITY OF WORK

23
Thank You
Graphics Animation By Divya Anukul