Genetic Engineering and Release of Genetically Modified Material

1
Genetic Engineering and Release of Genetically
Modified Material
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• Dr. Wendy Hollingsworth
• Consultant
• FARM-A-SYS Agri-Consultancy Group

2
Genetic Engineering

• The altering of genetic material in an organism
  by a way that does not occur naturally by mating
  or natural recombination or both.
• Transfer of foreign DNA
• rDNA techniques (viral or bacterial vectors).
• direct introduction - microinjection, cell
  fusion, hybidisation.

3
Application Genetic Engineering Techniques

• Pharmaceuticals
• Gene therapy
• Transgenic plants
• Transgenic animals

4
Global status on GMOs

• COUNTRY
• USA
• Argentina
• Canada
• Australia
• Mexico, Spain, France and S. Africa

• PRODUCTION (hectares)
• 2.5 M (74)
• 4.3 M (15)
• 2.8 M (10)
• 0.1 M (1)
• lt 0.1 M (lt 1)

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Transgenic Crops and Traits

• Transgenic Crops
• Soybean 52
• Corn 30
• Cotton 9
• Canola 9
• Potato 1

• Transgenic Traits
• Herbicide resistance 71
• Insect resistance 28
• Stacked genes 1
• Quality traits 1

6
Companies Involved in Commercial Growing of
Transgenic Plants

• Monsanto
• Calgene
• Pioneer Hi-Bred
• Mycogen
• Zeneca
• Ciba
• DuPont

7
Concerns about GMOs Release

• Safety
• Escaping
• Biodiversity

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