Volcanic Activity

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In A.D. 79, shortly after midday, flames from the
volcano called Mt. Vesuvius in Pompeii, shot into
the sky, and an immense black cloud covered the
sun.
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Major Volcanoes Around the World
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Volcanoes in Italy Mt. Vesuvius
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There are three types of volcanoes1. Shield
Volcanoes  2. Cinder Cone volcanoes3.
Composite Volcanoes
VOLCANOES
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Shield Volcanoes
Shield Volcanoes are made mostly of fluid lava
flows.
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Shield Volcanoes
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Shield Volcano Hawaii
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A bowl shaped crater and no higher than one
thousand feet. When cinder cone volcanoes erupt
lava blows into the air and breaks up into small
pieces called cinders.
Cinder Cone Volcanoes
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Most composite volcanoes have a crater at the
top with a central vent or a group of vents where
lava comes out.
Composite Volcanoes
Composite Volcano Mt. St. Helens, Washington
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ITALY
Pompeii is in western Italy.
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POMPEII
In A.D. 62 a terrible earthquake left Pompeii
devastated.
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The people who survived this first disaster were
rebuilding when the second disaster hit - the
eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
Pompeii August 24, AD 79
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Crater of Mt. Vesuvius
In A.D. 79, 17 years after the earthquake, flames
from the volcano shot into the sky, and an
immense black cloud covered the sun.
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For three days, volcanic matter and red-hot lava
rained down on Pompeii, making a blanket fifteen
to twenty feet deep over the entire area.
Portrait on the wall of a house in Pompeii
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An ancient bar
Artifacts and people were basically encased in
the ash as it cooled.
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A paved street
The survivors who may have escaped the eruption
were soon killed by a poisonous gas.
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House of the Small Fountain
Pompeii lay buried for nearly 1,700 years.
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House of the Vestals
It wasn't until 1748 that archaeologists began
slowly uncovering the ancient city, preserved
under 9 feet of volcanic ash and frozen in time.
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At the time Mount Vesuvius erupted, this was a
wealthy Roman trading town, famous for its fish
sauce and grand villas.
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Although this tragic event ended the lives of
20,000 Pompeian residents, the ash that buried
the town served as a sort of mummification for
the entire city
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The eruption of 79 AD which buried the town in
ash actually captured a moment in time.
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Under the ash everything remained as it was at
the time of the eruption. Artwork was preserved.
Buildings were preserved. Several important
clues were left behind. These clues give us a
little glimpse into the past.
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The plaster cast bodies of the Pompeii victims
are the most shocking reminders of the horrific
event that made Pompeii famous.
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The archaeologists excavating Pompeii found the
remains of many people in the last position they
were in when they died.
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The Pompeii citizens were choked by the ash and
pumice-stone dust or killed by the accompanying
poison gas.
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Archeologists filled the place where the body was
with plaster.
In this way, they got a perfect match for the
body position and the facial expression.
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Pliny the Younger, a Roman patrician known for
his hundreds of letters which are a valuable
source of historical knowledge, wrote about
Pompeii.
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You could hear women lamenting, children crying,
men shouting.
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There were some so afraid of death that they
prayed for death.
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Many raised their hands to the gods,
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and even more believed that there were no gods
any longer and that this was one unending night
for the world." Pliny the Younger, circa A.D. 97
to 109
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