Live Transpacific High Definition Videoconferencing: A Noteworthy Keynote

1
Live Transpacific High Definition
Videoconferencing A Noteworthy Keynote

• Katsuyuki Hasebe, NICT
• Akira Kato, WIDE
• Amy Philipson, ResearchChannel
• Jan Eveleth, Pacific Northwest Gigapop
• Internet2 Member Meeting
• Arlington, VA USA
• May 4, 2005

2
This is a story about

• A conference in Japan
• An invitation to give a keynote talk
• An innovative high definition video conferencing
  application
• Big-pipe networks across the Pacific
• Good timing and a bright idea, and mostly,
• Amazing international cooperation!

3
Collaborators
4

• WIDE Project
• A research consortium for networking and related
  technologies
• Launched in 1988 with a 64kbps leased line
• Research on one hand, operation on another hand
• practical approach
• Various activities by gt 300 researches from gt 100
  organizations
• M-Root DNS server, DIX-IE, T-LEX as IEEAF steward
• AI3 Satellite Network to Asia
• IPv6 Kame/Usagi, measurement, mobile IP/IPv6
• InternetCar, SOI (distance education efforts)
• Operates testbed network
• An OC-3 link from Tokyo to LA, then to San
  Francisco
• Some of the domestic links are at 10GE

http//www.wide.ad.jp/
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Widest lines 10GE links
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JGN/JGN2

• JGN (Japan Gigabit Network)
• First version of JGN operated 1999--Mar 2004
• Nationwide testbed network
• 4OC-12 ATM / OC-48 ATM backbone
• Only offered layer-2 service IPv6 L3 added in
  2002 extended to San Jose, CA in 2002
• Users got PVC or PVP
• JGN2
• Total renewal from JGN operational since Apr
  2004
• OC-192 or 8GbE backbone
• Layer-2 service with VLANs and IPv4/IPv6 L3
• OC-192 link between Tokyo and Chicago operational
  since 2004
• http//www.jgn.nict.go.jp/e/

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Outline of JGN2 Network
Legends
lt10Ggt Ishikawa Hi-tech Exchange Center
(Tatsunokuchi-machi, Ishikawa Prefecture)
lt100Mgt Toyama Institute of Information Systems
(Toyama) Fukui Prefecture Data Super
Highway AP (Fukui)
20Gbps 10Gbps 1Gbps Optical testbeds
Access points
lt100Mgt Hokkaido Regional Network Association AP

(Sapporo)
Core network nodes
lt1Ggt Teleport Okayama (Okayama)
Hiroshima University (Higashi Hiroshima)
lt100Mgt Tottori University of Environmental
Studies (Tottori) Techno Ark Shimane
(Matsue) New Media Plaza Yamaguchi
(Yamaguchi)
lt1Ggt Tohoku University
(Sendai) NICT Iwate IT Open Laboratory
(Takizawa-mura, Iwate Prefecture) lt100Mgt
Hachinohe Institute of Technology (Hachinohe,
Aomori Prefecture) Akita Regional IX (Akita)
Keio University Tsuruoka Campus (Tsuruoka,
Yamagata Prefecture) Aizu University (Aizu
Wakamatsu)
lt10Ggt Kyoto University
(Kyoto) Osaka University
(Ibaraki) lt1Ggt NICT Kansai Advanced
Research Center (Kobe) lt100Mgt Lake Biwa Data
Highway AP (Ohtsu) Nara Prefectural
Institute of Industrial Technology (Nara)
Wakayama University (Wakayama)
Hyogo Prefecture Nishiharima Technopolis
(Kamigori-cho, Hyogo Prefecture)
Sapporo
lt100Mgt Niigata University (Niigata)
Matsumoto Information Creation Center
(Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture)
lt10Ggt Tokyo University (Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo)
NICT Kashima Space Research Center (Kashima,
Ibaraki Prefecture) lt1Ggt Yokosuka Telecom
Research Park (Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture)
lt100Mgt Utsunomiya University (Utsunomiya)
Gunma Industrial Technology Center (Maebashi)
Reitaku University (Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture)
NICT Honjo Information and Communications Open
Laboratory (Honjo, Saitama Prefecture)
Yamanashi Prefecture Open RD Center
(Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture)
lt10Ggt -Kyushu University (Fukuoka)
lt100Mgt -NetCom Saga (Saga) -Nagasaki University
(Nagasaki) -Kumamoto Prefectural Office
(Kumamoto) -Toyonokuni Hyper Network AP
(Oita) -Miyazaki University (Miyazaki)
-Kagoshima University (Kagoshima)
Fukuoka
Sendai
Kanazawa
NICT Kita Kyushu IT Open Laboratory
Nagano
NICT Koganei Headquarters
Osaka
Okayama
Kochi
NICT Tsukuba Research Center
Nagoya
NICT Keihannna Human Info-Communications Research
Center
Otemachi
StarLight, Chicago
Okinawa
IXInternet eXchange APAccess Point
lt100Mgt Kagawa Prefecture Industry Promotion
Center (Takamatsu) Tokushima University
(Tokushima) Ehime University (Matsuyama)
Kochi University of Technology (Tosayamada-cho,
Kochi Prefecture)
lt100Mgt Nagoya University (Nagoya) University
of Shizuoka (Shizuoka) Softopia Japan (Ogaki,
Gifu Prefecture) Mie Prefectural College of
Nursing (Tsu)
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• National Institute of Information and
  Communication Technologies (NICT)
• Incorporated administrative agency under MIC
• established in April 2004 by merger of CRL
  (Communication Research Laboratory) and TAO
  (Telecommunications Advancement Organization)
• Various services offered such as JJY (standard
  radio)
• NICT has operation responsibility for JGN2
• Old JGN was operated by TAO
• http//www.nict.go.jp/overview/

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• A consortium of research universities and
  corporate research divisions dedicated to
  broadening the access to, and appreciation of,
  activities, ideas, and opportunities in basic and
  applied research.
• Program content creation and manipulation
  processes as testing medium for broadcast and
  on-demand multimedia offerings, thus providing
  opportunities to experiment with new methods of
  distribution and interaction on a global basis.
• http//www.researchchannel.org/

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• PNWGP implements and operates next-generation
  Internet technologies in support of research,
  education, and development
• National Lambda Rail (NLR), Pacific Wave, Lariat,
  Internet2, GLIF, IEEAF transpacific link, IRNC
• Multi-network 10Gbps network paths
• Pacific Wave international peering exchange
  facility began in 1998 with node extension to Los
  Angeles in 2004. Pacific Wave is a joint project
  of PNWGP and CENIC.

http//www.pnw-gigapop.net/
http//www.pacificwave.net/
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(No Transcript)
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Pacific Wave
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December 13, 2004 Meeting on High Definition
Video

• AGENDA
• High Definition Video Conferencing Demo
• Discussion onHigh-Definition Video Conferencing
  and Related Technologies

Paul G. Allen Center for Computer Science
Engineering University of Washington. Photo by
Laura Swimmer Aug. 2003
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a really important opportunity

• Date Tue, 21 Dec 2004 154310 -0800 (PST)
• From Ron Johnson
• A major Japanese group JGN2 wants to have
  Prof. Larry Smarr do a keynote address Jan 17 to
  a large gathering in Japan from our Seattle
  studio using uncompressed high-definition video.
• Is there any way we can make it happen?

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The Reply (8 minutes later)

• Date Tue, 21 Dec 2004 155149 -0800 (PST)
• From Amy Philipson
• To Ron Johnson
• I am on the phone with Mike Wellings, Director
  of Engineering and if you have good contacts in
  Japan, we think that it has a good chance of
  working.

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JGN2 Symposium 2005

• January 17-19, 2005Osaka, Japan

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The Keynote Presenter
Professor Larry Smarr

• Director of the California Institute for
  Telecommunications and Information Technology
  (Calit2)
• Principal investigator of the National Science
  Foundation-funded OptIPuter project.

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The Challenges

• What we know about the challenges well face
• Timeless than one month to plan and execute
• Construction of an event-based, end-to-end,
  multi-network, high bandwidth transport
• Getting appropriate high-definition presentation
  and application equipment
• Producing the event as a professional broadcast
• Communication!
• The unknown and the unexpected

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Presentation Time Time Zones
Osaka Tokyo GMT 9 Jan. 18 1330h
Chicago GMT -6 Jan. 17 2230h
Seattle GMT -8 Jan. 17 2030h
Honolulu GMT -10 Jan. 17 1830h
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Proposed Network Path

• Seattle
• Osaka
• Tokyo
  Chicago

WIDE (10G)
CaveWave (10G on NLR)
IEEAF (10G)
JGN2 (10G)
JGN2 (10G)
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would like to try uncompressed HD (another HD)

• Date Wed, 22 Dec 2004 130214 0900 (JST)
• From Katsuyuki Hasebe
• We would like to try uncompressed HD stream for
  Prof. Jun Murais keynote address on Jan 17 JST
  (Jan 16 PST) at JGN2 Symposium from Keio SFC
• Can we prepare i-Visto for that?

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probably we can prepare (another HD)

• Date Tue, 28 Dec 2004 173708 0900 (JST)
• From Akira Minami (NTT Communications)
• Sorry for late reply.
• Probably we can prepare two HD-SDI plus 10GE box
  which can handle two-way uncompressed HD stream
  between Keio SFC and venue

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The Challenges (another HD)

• What we know about the challenges well face
• Time less than a month to plan and execute
• This is the first time to try uncompressed HD
  stream on an existing shared media network
• Getting appropriate high-definition presentation
  and application equipment

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The Keynote Presenter (another HD)
Professor Jun Murai

• Executive Director of KEIO SFC Research
  Institute.
• Adjunct Professor at the Institute of Advanced
  Studies, United Nations University
• President of the Japan Network Information Center
  (JPNIC)
• General Chairperson of the WIDE Project (a
  Japanese Internet research consortium)

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Proposed Network Path (another HD)

• 
  
• Osaka Fujisawa

WIDE(10G)
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Seattle Production Planning Begins

• The UWTV Production group is informed.
• Producer is identified and included in the event
  communications.
• Planning starts for set design, backdrops,
  visuals, camera and audio staff.
• Studio and equipment resources are reserved.

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January 3, 2005 Network Diagram rev. 1
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January 6, 2005 Chicago Meeting

• Representatives from all involved organizations
  agree to work collaboratively to make the Prof.
  Smarr JGN2 Keynote presentation happen.

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January 6, 2005Network Diagram rev. 8

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Communication Plan

• Create multi-organizational and multi-division
  contact list and communication strategies.
• By Function (video, networking, broadcasting)
• By Location (Osaka, Seattle, Chicago, Tokyo...)
• Resources (phone bridges, im, email)
• Central web site for information sharing
• The list will come to include 33 individuals, 5
  NOCs, and 1 globally accessible conference bridge.

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All related information on web
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Video Transport Plan

• JGN2/CaveWave circuits
• primary 1.5Gbps uncompressed HD video
  (Seattle?Chicago?Tokyo)
• IEEAF transpacific circuit
• compressed bidirectional 30Mbps MPEG2 HD video on
  a fully independent (minus last mile to the
  venue) link (Seattle? ? Tokyo)
• The IEEAF and JGN2/CaveWave paths are constructed
  to back each other up.
• Video Backup Standard definition DVTS Stream

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January 7, 2005Equipment to Japan

• The equipment for the uncompressedhigh-definition
  video application preppedand shipped to Japan
• Equipment set-up instructions and diagrams
  created and included

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More Production SiteDetails Prepared

• Audio bridge so that Prof. Smarr can hear
  questions from audience in Osaka
• Audio link between Osaka production team and
  Seattle production team
• Powerpoint setup using VNC/remote desktop so
  Prof. Smarr can control what is displayed in
  Osaka
• Creation of phone bridges and designationof IM,
  IRC

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January 8, 2005JGN2-CaveWave Path Configuration

• JGN2, APAN, Starlight, and PNWGP engineers are
  now actively designing and installing the circuit
  equipment, cables, and configurations.
• Testing plans are developed and initial tests are
  run.
• The 1.5Gbps uncompressed high definition
  application requires jumbo frames,end-to-end.

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The News

• Date Tue, 11 Jan 2005 115252 0900
• From Jin Tanaka
• To Chris Robb, Linda Winkler
• Subject Re (ieeaf-tokyo 1467) Re Fwd Re
  Networking Request/Jan 17th 830PM HDVC Event
• We APAN have assigned and configured two subnets
  on tpr4(Procket 8812) that terminates both the
  domestic and international JGN2 10G link as
  follows However, unfortunately, JGN2
  international link has been downed due to the
  trouble in US local carrier now

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Weather Report

• January 11, 2005
• St. George, Utah
• Hi 55 F / 12 C
• Lo 46 F / -7 C
• Mostly Cloudy
• St. George, UT (UPI) -- Flooding in southwestern
  Utah has washed away homes and led to evacuations
  as heavy rains and melting snow engorged the
  Santa Clara River

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Whats Happening in the Area

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What Happened to the Fiber

• Fiber supporting the JGN2 circuit to Chicago is
  cut. No repair date/time available. The under
  river cable was carried away by the heavy
  rainfall. (It will take two days before a
  temporary fix is in place.)

AFTER
BEFORE
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IEEAF Circuit to Support All Video

• New Configuration
• IEEAF transpacific circuit as follows
• 2 GbE links for uncompressed HD video
• 1 GbE link for compressed MPEG2 video DVTS
• 1 GbE link ltbackupgt
• JGN2 transpacific circuit
• The configurations done to-date for this path
  will be kept in place allowing this path to be
  used as a backup when/if the U.S. fiber cut
  repair is implemented and stable.

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January 12, 2005Gear Arrives in Japan

• The HD equipment at the Narita airport on
  Wednesday Jan. 12
• One day to clear customs and paperwork
• Arrangements made to ship thegear to the Osaka
  venue on the 14th

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Coordination Call

• Seattle Tokyo
• Wed Jan. 12 1700h Thurs Jan. 13 1000h
• 17 participants from Seattle, Chicago, and Japan
  hold a conference call to work through on-going
  configurations and logistics.

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Meanwhile

• The Seattle team is also continuing preparations
  for the Jan. 16-19, 2005 Pacific
  Telecommunications Council (PTC) event in
  Honolulu
• Gear shipped to Canberra
• Gear shipped to Hawaii
• Networking paths finalized
• People shipped to Honolulu

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Meanwhile

• The WIDE team is also continuing preparations for
  Prof. Jun Murais keynote presentation, which is
  also being transmitted to the Osaka venue from a
  remote location.
• Keio Univ. SFC (Fujisawa)? ?Venue
• Using uncompressed HD(i-Visto), DVTS
• Video Transport i-Visto by NTT
• Network SFC(WIDE)(JGN)Venue

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January 14, 2005WIDE Staff Arrive in Seattle

• Two of Prof. Jun Murais graduate students from
  Keio University fly to Seattle
• Assist with production site setup
• Offer communications/translation between groups
  in Osaka and Seattle
• Handle the IM correspondence with Japan
• And take lots of great pictures!

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January 14, 2005 Osaka HD Video Conferencing
Gear Installed

• Testing of all HD applications, equipment, and
  network paths (uncompressed, MPEG2, DVTS) between
  Osaka (JGN2 Access Point_at_Dojima, Collocation
  Space) and Seattle with support from the HD
  application engineers in Hawaii

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Tests Succeed!

• Date Fri, 14 Jan 2005 155802 -0800 (PST)
• From Michael Wellings in Hawaii
• Subject status
• We have 2-way 420 MPEG2 HD video at 30mbps
  between Osaka and Seattle, AND iHD1500 SMPTE 292M
  HD video from Seattle to Japan!

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January 14, 2005 Move All Equipment to Venue

• All preparations and testing are completed at
  JGN2 Access Point _at_Dojima, Collocation Space,
  half mile away from venue
• All equipment is packed and carried to venue

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January 15, 2005Setting Up at Venue

• Equipment is unpacked and installed at the venue

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January 15, 2005

• Prof. Smarrs Powerpoint delivered to Japan for
  translation into Japanese
• Preparing English version of Windows XP and Power
  Point ? for Prof. Smarrs remote presentation

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Jan. 16, 2005 Network Finalized
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January 16, 2005Preparations Complete

• Sunday in Seattle Seattle prep complete
• In Hawaii, PTC demos underway
• The JGN2 Symposium 2005 is about to start and the
  keynote less than 36 hours away

53
Meanwhile in Hawaii

• HD capability (compressed 270Mbps) already
  available in Hawaii
• Dignitaries from IEEAF, AARNet, U. of Southern
  California, U. of Hawaii, U. of Alaska, Southern
  Cross Cable Networks invited to watch Prof.
  Smarrs Keynote

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PTC Network Diagram rev. 5
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Weather January 17/18, 2005

• Seattle
• Hi 55 F / 12 C
• Lo 43 F / 6 C
• Rain
• Osaka
• Hi 50 F / 10 C
• Lo 41 F / 5 C
• Sunny
• Honolulu
• Hi 80 F / 26 C
• Lo 70 F / 21 C
• Rain

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Site View _at_SFC
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January 17, 2005 SFCProduction Schedule

• Prof. Jun Murais Keynote Session

• We recognized jumbo frame problem at rehearsal
• Network reconfiguration included non-local blade
  swap done 40 hours before Prof. Murais session
• Fall back to use 1500B MTU for a workaround

58
January 17, 2005 Seattle Production Schedule

• Morning Prof. Smarr arrives in Seattle
• 200 - 500 Rehearsal and preparatory meetings at
  ResearchChannel
• 530 - 700 Dinner
• 700 - 800 Make-up and final preparations at
  ResearchChannel
• 830 - 910 Live transmission to Japan from
  ResearchChannel
• PROGRAM (40 minutes)
• 5 minutes Welcome, introductions
• 30 minutes Prof. Smarr's Keynote
• 5 minutes QA

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Seattle Studio Rehearsal
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Behind the Cameras in Seattle

• Engineers monitor the HD transmission gear

ProductionBooth
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Preparations in Osaka

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Picture from A-V Control in Osaka

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Last Minute A-V Challenges

• 30 minutes before the start of the keynote,
  glitch found in the audio system at the venue
• A/V workaround applied resulting in slight lip
  sync problem

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1330h January 18, 2005 Osaka TimeJGN2 Keynote
Session Begins

• Welcoming remarks from Prof. Tomonori Aoyama of
  the University of Tokyo, Chairman of the JGN2
  keynote session in Osaka

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The Keynote Begins

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Prof. Smarrs Keynote

• Using OptIPuter Innovations to Enable LambdaGrid
  Applications
• www.researchchannel.org/jgn2

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During the Keynote in Osaka

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And Hawaii Group Watches
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In Hawaii

• Fifteen minutes into the presentation the screen
  goes blue.
• And, coincidentally, there is a torrential
  downpour underway.
• Ten minutes later, the rain stops and the signal
  returns.

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Its Overand Success!
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Osaka Team

Hasebe
Uhyo
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Osaka i-Visto TeamAnother HD, SFClt-gtVenue

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Seattle Team

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Hawaii Team

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From Prof. Aoyama

• Thank you very much for your great contributions
  to the aggressive event with non-compressed HD
  remote real time presentation. The JGN2
  Symposium2005 was totally successful !
• I am looking forward to having the continuous
  cooperation and collaboration with all of you, in
  the future.
• Thank all of you again.
• Best regards,
• Tomonori Aoyama

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From Prof. Smarr

• This event marks a turning point, Eventually,
  such events may even come to be commonplace in
  our homes as fiber-to-the-home is rapidly built
  out.
• But for now, let me say once more what an honor
  it was to work with such a world-class team

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From Hiroshi Esaki

• Dear all,
• Thanks to all, especially to Mr.Katsuyuki Hasebe
  of NTT Communications. He has conducted this
  event at Japanese side, with Kato-san.
• Again, please let me express millions of thanks
  to IEEAF infrastructure (both hardware and
  human-being).
• Best of best regards,
• Hiroshi Esaki, WIDE Project

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From Ron Johnson

• many many thanks for the tremendous team effort
  here. Together we triumphed over very difficult
  challenges by virtue of the collective expertise
  and teamwork of all involved. It was a great
  pleasure and honor for us to work on this with
  you, and the rest of this truly global team, on
  this important event.
• Very best regards,
• Ron Johnson

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From Tom DeFanti

• Thanks, everyone, from the Chicago folks. We
  look forward to many more of these experiments
  together, and production use of this technology
  as soon as possible! This is a great team who
  pulled this together in record time, even
  overcoming floods! Congratulations!
• --Tom DeFanti

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From Tom West (NLR)

• So glad your event went so well.
• Cooperation is the key to all of our success.
• Tom West, Executive Director of National
  LambdaRail

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After the Event

• In the few days that followed, there was still
  work to do.
• Event briefing finalized and distributed and
  posted
• Equipment to be packed and shipped back to
  Seattle from Japan
• Network pathways to be repurposed
• Kane Studio set break down
• People and gear to pack-up in Osaka
• People and gear to pack-up in Hawaii and return
  to Seattle

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And

• the inevitable press release!

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The Event Briefing/Press Release

• REAL-TIME HDTV BROADCAST FROM USA TO JAPAN
  ENABLED BY ADVANCED NETWORKS
• January 18, 2005 -- Dignitaries and researchers
  attending the JGN2 Symposium 2005 in Osaka, Japan
  today listened and watched as Internet visionary
  Larry Smarr gave the keynote presentation on a
  large HDTV screen above the podium. Unlike
  traditional keynote talks, however, Smarr was
  5,000 miles away in Seattle, Washington. And
  unlike traditional in-person talks, the quality,
  size and resolution was so great that the
  audience could see every detail of the speaker's
  face.

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every detail of the speakers face
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The Cast of Thousands

• Keynote Speaker
• Prof. Larry Smarr (University of California San
  Diego/Cal-(IT)2)
• JGN2 Symposium Chair
• Prof. Tomonori Aoyama (The University of
  Tokyo/JGN2)
• Project Sponsors and Organization Management
• ltUSAgt
• Ron Johnson (University of Washington)
• Tom DeFanti (University of Chicago/EVL)
• Amy Philipson (ResearchChannel/University of
  Washington)
• Jacqueline Brown (Pacific Northwest
  Gigapop/Univ. of Washington)
• Maxine Brown (University of Chicago/EVL)
• ltJapangt
• Jun Murai (WIDE/Keio University)
• Project Coordinators
• ltUSAgt
• Laurin Herr (Pacific Interface, Inc.)

86
continued

• University of Washington, Kane Hall Venue
  Production
• Carol Geertsma, Producer (University of
  Washington)
• Bruce Fisher (University of Washington)
• Derek Hay (University of Washington)
• Gordon Glascock (University of Washington)
• Jack Hoffman (University of Washington)
• Lisa Merlin (University of Washington)
• Osaka Venue Production
• Katsuyuki Hasebe (WIDE/NTT Communications/JGN2)
• Kazunori Sugiura (WIDE/Keio University)
• Engineering Staff (alphabetical order)
• JGN2 ltJapangt
• Hiroshi Esaki (WIDE/The University of Tokyo/JGN2)
• Yoshihiko Kanaumi (NEC/JGN2)
• Kazumasa Kobayashi (WIDE/Kurashiki Univ. of
  Science and Art/JGN2)
• Yukiji Mikamo (OBIS/JGN2)
• Takashi Miyake (WIDE/Kurashiki Univ. of Science
  and Art/JGN2)

87
continued

• Engineering Staff (cont. alphabetical order)
• WIDE
• Tasuku Chiyo (WIDE/Keio University)
• Keijiro Ehara (WIDE/Keio University)
• Tsuyoshi Hisamatsu (WIDE/Keio University)
• Katsuhiro Horiba (WIDE/Keio University)
• Tomohiro Ishihara (WIDE/Keio University)
• Akira Kato (WIDE/The University of Tokyo)
• Noriatsu Kudo (WIDE/Keio University)
• Kazuhiro Mishima (WIDE/Keio University)
• Seiichi Morikawa (WIDE/Cisco Systems)
• Osamu Nakamura (WIDE/Keio University)
• Masahiro Nakayama (WIDE/Keio University)
• Koji Ogawa (WIDE/Keio University)
• Yuji Sekiya (WIDE/The University of Tokyo)
• Noriyuki Shigechika (WIDE/Keio University)
• Kazunori Sugiura (WIDE/Keio University)
• Seiichi Yamamoto (WIDE/The University of Tokyo)
• APAN

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Congratulations to all Collaborators!