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Welcome to AlexsWeb-folio Learning Tutorial
Unit I- Lifes Building Blocks
Unit II-Energy Matter for Life
Unit III-Continuity of Life

Unit IV-Interactions Interdependence
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Unit I-Site Map
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Topic 1-Simple Organisms
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Key Ideas-Topic 1
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Key Idea 1- Organisms Possess Many Similarities

• - All organisms pass on traits and reproduce.
• - All organisms have cells.
• - All organisms have an environmental niche
  witch means that organisms play roles in the
  environment.
• - All organisms contain DNA.
• - All organisms perform life functions. Such as
  helping the environment.

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Key Idea 2-Simple Organisms lack a cellular
organization and can either be prokaryotic or
eukaryotic.

• -Monerans- bacteria.
• -Has no nuclear membrane.

Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

• -Protists- Ameoda, Pramecium, Euglena ect.- all
  other kingdoms except monera.
• -Has a nuclear membrane.

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Antibacterial Soaps

• Do they really work?

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Antibacterial Soap-Introduction

• In this lab you would be looking at two different
  soaps. One of the soaps are Spring soap and the
  other is natural soap. Each of the soaps are
  placed in to culture dishes. And there is one
  that has no soap in it which is called the
  variable. We are trying to see which soap will
  work better at killing bacteria.

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Applying the Scientific Inquiry Process
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Problems to Investigate

• Which soap is most affective to kill the
  bacteria, Spring soap or natural soap?
• Will more then one species of bacteria grow in
  any of the culture dishes?

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Background Information1-Research

• Research on bacteria
• -Bacteria is part of the Moneran kingdom.
• -Bacteria can develop a resistance to
  antibacterial agents in antibiotics and soaps.
• -Bacteria could cause disease.
• -There are millions of bacteria in to body that
  helps you.
• -Bacteria has no membrane nucleus.
• -Bacteria reproduce asexual.

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Background Info2-Prior Experiments

• -Antibacterial soaps kill bad and good bacterial
  cells.
• - Bacteria cells reproduce quickly in asexual
  reproduction.
• -Bacteria grows faster in heated areas.
• --Bacteria sometimes forms an resistance.
• We learned this in class when we did an
  experiment with regular hand soap and waterless
  hand soap. We found that the regular hand soap
  worked better. There were many different species
  living in the waterless soap culture dish.

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Hypothesis

• I think spring soap would be the one that has
  less bacteria in the culture dish.
• Which do you think will work better?

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Experimental Design

• Materials
• Procedures
• Controls Variables

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Materials

• 3 culture dish (made with jello and slim fast)
• Bacteria source (soil or your own hands- I used
  soil).
• Antibacterial soaps (select two different soaps-
  I used
• Rubber bands.
• Labels.
• Plastic wrap.
• Q-tips (cotton swab)

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Procedures

• -Label one of the dishes the control. Place
  plastic wrap over it and use a rubber band to
  hold it in place. Set this aside.
• Put the two different soaps in the remaining two
  culture dishes (one soap in each culture dish).
  Label each culture dish with the soap you used.
  (ex., Dial and Micrell)
• Place all three culture dishes in the room
  temperature.
• Leave out for 7 days and record you observations
  each day in the data chart.

• -Make the culture dishes by following the
  directions on the jello package ( you can also
  use Gelatine packages). Substitute chocolate-for
  juice.
• -Place bacteria in three different culture
  dishes. Bacteria can come from soil or your own
  hands. If you choice soil use a- Q-tip to
  transfer the soil into the culture dish.

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Controls Variables

• CONTROL
• Same bacteria source
• Same temperature
• Same Culture dish

• VARIABLE(s)
• The two soaps

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Data ObservationsTable 1 Surface Area
Population Growth
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Data ObservationsTable 2 of Species
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Data ObservationsTable 3Species Competition
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Conclusions for graph one

• Which hand soap seems to be more effective in
  killing bacteria?The hand soap that is more
  effective in killing bacteria was SPRING SOAP.
• On which day did bacteria growth began to occur?
  Bacteria growth began to occur on the fourth day.
• What are some possible reasons why bacteria did
  not grow until day three? Some possible reasons
  why bacteria did not grow until three day because
  the soaps were fighting off the bacteria and
  another reason would that it was in a different
  temperature zone.
• Do you think that bacteria developed a resistance
  to any of the antibacterial agents? How could you
  tell? Yes, I think bacteria developed a
  resistance to any of the antibacterial agents
  because it started to grow different types of
  bacteria species rapidly.
• What is natural selection and why is antibiotic
  resistance an example of natural selection?
  Natural selection is when the natural environment
  selects which variation of a species will stay
  alive and reproduce. Antibiotic resistance is
  an example of natural selection because by adding
  the antibiotic you are changing the environment.
  Some species change (adapt) when the environment
  changes. Why is natural selection easily observed
  in bacteria? Natural selection is easily observed
  in bacteria because it is tested with experiment
  and we get to see it form a resistance.

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Conclusions for graph two

• How many populations (species) where observed in
  each culture dish? There 3 kinds of species in
  each of the culture dishes.

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Conclusions for graph three

• Their were three different types of species in
  the culture dish.
• The culture dish that was the most abundant on
  the first day was species A that was white.
• The culture dish that was the most abundant on
  the last day was species A that was white.
• No I dont think there was competition between
  both species because they were the same type.
• I predict when all populations will stop growing
  when all the nutrients are all gone.

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Repeated Trials

• View similar experiments by returning to our
  student showcase.

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Coming Soon!Related Topics on Bacteria

• 5-Customizing Bacteria -Genetic Engineering
• 6-Bacteria in Animal Nutrition Digestion
• 7-Using Bacteria for Environmental Problems

• 1-The Process of
• Evolution
• 2-Unity Diversity A System for Classification
• 3-Bacteria
• Natural Selection
• 4-Ecological Significance of Bacteria

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Topic 1- The Process of Evolution
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Evolution Defined

• Evolution means that organisms change over a
  period of time. The founder of evolution is
  Charles Darwin.

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Competition

• When two organisms have competition is when they
  fight to get the most nutrients in their
  environment.

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Genetic Variation

• Thought the process of reproduction
  characteristics are passed on from parents to
  children. The characteristics
• that are passed on from one generation to the
  next are called hereditary.

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Topic 2- Unity Diversity A System for
Classification
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Genus Species
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Kingdoms of Life
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Topic 3- Natural Selection
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NATURAL SELECTION DEFINED
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Examples of Natural Selection

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Key Ideas of Natural Selection

• -
• -
• -
• -
• -

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Topic 4- Ecological Significance of Bacteria
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Recycling of Materials
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Bacteria as Decomposers
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Topic 5- Genetic Engineering of Bacteria
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Genetic Engineering
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Recombinant DNA
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Examples of Using Recombinant DNA to Customize
Bacteria

• -
• -

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Topic 6-Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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The Importance of Nutrition Digestion
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Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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Topic 7-Bacteria to Solve Environmental Problems
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Bio Remediation
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Uses of Bio-Remediation
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MORE TO COME!!

• Unit II, III, IV are coming soon!