Title: ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? Process Capability
1????? ??????????? ??????? ????????Process
Capability
- ?. ???? ?????????
- m_aichouni_at_yahoo.co.uk
- http//aichouni.tripod.com
??????? ? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?
?????? ??????? ????? ? 2005
2?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????
- ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ???
?????? ????? ???????? ???????? (SPC). -
- ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ? ??
?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????
????? ??? ?? ?????? ? ??? ????? ? ???????
???????? ? ?????? ?
3?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? 1
- ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????
?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ????
???? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????
R? ?????? ???????? m? ???????? ???????? s -
- ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????
????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????????
??????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ? ??????? ?????
????????? - ( USL, LSL).
4 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? 2 ??????? ?????
???????? ????????
- ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????
(Normal Distribution) . - ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????
- 68.3 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? .
- 95.4 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? .
- 99.79 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? .
5 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? 3 ??????? ?????
???????? ????????
- ???? ???????? ???????? s ??????? ??? ?????
???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????
???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????
?? ???? ?????? ??? 31.74 317,400 dpm 4.56
45,560 dpm 0.27 2,700 dpm dpm Defects
per Million (???? ????? ?? ???????)
6 ????? ????? ????????
- ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???
??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? (Control
Limits) ? ???? ????????? (Specification Limits) ?
???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? - ????? ???? ??????? ??????.
- ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
- ????? ??? ? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????
7 ????? ????? ????????
- ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????
???? ?????? ???????? (Process In Control) . - ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????
??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? (Specification
Limits) .
??????? ??? ?????? ????????. ?????? ???? ????
????????? ??????? ??????? ?????
??????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??? ?? ?????? ????
???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????
8 ????? ????? ????????
- ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????
??????? ??????? - ???? ??????? ??????
- ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
- ???? ??????? ?????????
9 ?????? ????? ????????
?????
?????
USL
LSL
USL
LSL
?????
USL
LSL
10 ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????
- ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
- ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
- ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????
??????? - ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
(????? ??????) - ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ? ??? ?
- ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ? ?? ????? ??????
- ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????
- ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????.
11 ????? ????? ????????
- ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???
????? ??????. - ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???
?????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? 25 ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? 4 ?????
(n4) - ???? ??? ?? ???? R Xmax - Xmin
- ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? R S R / g S
R / 25 - ???? ???? ???????? ???????? s R / d2 ( d2
2.059 n4) - ????? ??????? ????????? 6 s
12 ????? ????? ???????? 2
- ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????
?????????? ????????? s ??? ??????? ? ??????
???????? s. - ??????? ??????? ??? ???
- ???? 25 ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? 4 ?????
(n4) - ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? s
- ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? s S s / g
S s / 25 - ???? ???? ???????? ???????? s s / C4 ( C4
0.9213 n4) - ????? ??????? ????????? 6 s
- ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????
?????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ? ??
?????? ??? ?? ???? ????
13 ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????
- ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?
25 ???? ?? ?????? 7,5,5,3,2,4,5,9,4,5,4,7,5,7,3,
4,4,5,6,4,7,7,5,5,7 - ????
- ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????
- R S R / g S R / 25 (757) / 25 129 /
25 5.16 - ???? ???? ???????? ????????
- 5.16 / 2.059 2.51 s R / d2 ( d2 2.059
n4) - ????? ??????? ????????? 6 s
- 6 x 2.51 15.1 6 s
14 ???? ???? 2 ?? ????? ???????
- ????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?????
?????????? ????????? ( ? 25 ???? ?? ?????? ? ???
?????? 4) ???? 105. ??????? ???? ????? ???
???????. - ????
- ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? s S s / g
105 / 25 4.2 - ???? ???? ???????? ????????
- s s / C4 4.2 / 0.9213 4.56 ( C4
0.9213 n4) - ????? ??????? ????????? 6 s
- 6 x 4.56 27.4 6 s
15????? ??????? Cp Capability Index Cp
????? ??????? (Cp) ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????????. ???? ????
??? ??????? ??? ??????? Cp (USL - LSL) / 6
s
16????? ??????? Cp Capability Index Cp
- ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????
????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????????. - ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????
?????????. - ??? ??? Cplt1 ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????
? ??? ????????. - ??? ??? 1ltCplt1.6 ??????? ????????? ???????
?????? - ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
17????? ????? ???????? ????????? Improvement in
Capability
Cp lt 1.0 ??????? ????????? ??? ?????
Cp 1.0
Cp gt 1.0 ??????? ????????? ??????? ????
18????? ??????? Cpk Capability Index Cpk
- ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???
- ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????
??? ?????????. - ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????
????????? x m - Cpk Min (USL - x) , (x - LSL) / 3 s
19????? ??????? Cpk Capability Index Cpk
- ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????
??????? Cpk - ??? ??? Cpklt1 ????? ??????? ????????? ???
?????. - ??? ??? Cpkgt1 ????? ??????? ????????? ???????
????
- ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? 1.33
??????? Cpk ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?
( 4s) ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ( 63 DPM)
???? ????? ?? ???????. - ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? (Motorola)
???? ???? ( Cpk2) ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???
(6s) ? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? (4s) ??? ?? ????
??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? (DPM 0) ???? ????? ??
???????. ????? ?????? 6s
20????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? Cp
- ?????? 1
- ??????? ?????? ?? 1.5 /- 0.005 mm
- ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ????????
??????? - ?????? ???????? x 1.490 mm
- ???????? ???????? s 0.002 mm
- ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????.
21?? ?????? 1
- ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ????
????? ??????? Cp ??? ??????? - Cp (USL - LSL) / 6 s
- ???? ???? ?????????
- ???? ?????? ???????? USL 1.5 0.005
1.505 mm - ???? ?????? ???????? LSL 1.5 - 0.005
1.495 mm - ???? ?? ????? Cp
- Cp (USL - LSL) / 6 s (1.505-1.495)/(6
0.002) - 0.01 / 0.012 0.833 Cp
- ????? ??????? ??????? Cp 0.833lt1
??????? ??? ?????
22?? ?????? 1
- ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? Cpk ??? ???????
-
- Cpk Min (USL-x) , (x-LSL) / 3 s
- (USL-x) / 3 s (1.505 1.490) / ( 3 x 0.002)
2.5 - (x-LSL) / 3 s (1.490 1.495) / ( 3 x 0.002)
-0.833 - Cpk Min 2.5 , -0.833 - 0.833 lt 1
- ????? ??????? Cpk lt1 ??????? ??? ????
?????.
23????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? Cp
- ?????? 2
- ???? ??????? ?????? ?? USL 6.50 LSL
6.30 - ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? s 0.038
- ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ????????
- ???????? s 0.030
- ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ? ??? ?????
???????. ?? ?? ???????? ? .
24?? ?????? 2
- ???? ????? ????? ??????? Cp ??? ? ??? ???????
- Cp (USL - LSL) / 6 s
- ??? ??????? (s 0.038 )
- Cp (USL - LSL) / 6 s (6.50-6.30)/(6 0.038)
0.877 - ??? ??????? (s 0.030 )
- Cp (USL - LSL) / 6 s (6.50-6.30)/(6 0.030)
1.111 - ?????????
- ????????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???
??? ??? ??????? Cp 0.877 lt1
Cp1.111 gt1 - ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? Cp
gt1.6
25?????? ???????
?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??
?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????
26??????? ??? ??????
- ??????? 1
- ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??
- ???????? ???????? s
0.0099 mm - ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????
???? ????? ??????? Cp ???? ???????.
27??????? ??? ??????
- ??????? 2
- ???? ????? ??????? Cpk ??????? ????????? ??
???????? ??????? - ???? ??????? ?????? ?? USL 6.50 LSL
6.30 - ???????? ???????? s 0.030 .
28??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?
?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???
??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???
?????? www.arabicstat.com/forums/forum12/ ??
???????? ??? ?????? ??????????
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