IPCC Synthesis Report Part V

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IPCC Synthesis ReportPart V

• Summary and relationship to other environmental
  issues
• Robert Watson

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Agricultural practices are affecting the
environment and environmental degradation
threatens food availability
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Climate change and other environmental issues are
inter-linked
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Underlying causes of change

• The primary factors underlying environmental
  degradation include economic growth, broad
  technological changes, demographic shifts and
  governance structures. These can give rise to
• Increased demand for natural resources and energy
  
• Market imperfections, e.g., subsidies that lead
  to the inefficient use of resources and act as a
  barrier to the market penetration of climate
  sound technologies the lack of recognition of
  the true value of natural resources failure to
  appropriate the global values of natural
  resources to the local level and the failure to
  internalize the social costs of environmental
  degradation into the market price of a resource
• Limited availability and transfer of technology,
  inefficient use of technologies, and inadequate
  investment in research and development for the
  technologies of the future
• Failure to manage adequately the use of natural
  resources and energy

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Climate Change is an Integral Element of
Sustainable Development
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Major Conclusions

• The Earths climate is warming -- human
  activities are primarily responsible -- further
  climate change is inevitable without actions to
  reduce GHG emissions
• Most socio-economic sectors, ecological systems
  and human health will be adversely affected by
  climate change, with developing countries being
  the most vulnerable
• Technologies are available to reduce greenhouse
  gas emissions but policies and measures are
  needed to realize the technological potential

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Projected concentrations of CO2 during the 21st
century are two to four times the pre-industrial
level
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Projected levels of atmospheric CO2 during the
next 100 years would be higher than at anytime in
the last 440,000 yrs
Projected (2100)
CO2 Concentration (ppmv)
Current (2001)
(BP 1950)
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Projected Temperatures During the 21st Century
Are Significantly Higher Than at Any Time During
the Last 1000 Years
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The Challenge Sustainable Management of an
Ever-Changing Planet