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http:cys'che'nsk'su,

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??????????????? ?????. ??????? ????? ???? ????????? (1837-1914) ... ??????????????????????? (edta)-??????. ???????????? (en) - ??????. ?????????? ??????? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: http:cys'che'nsk'su,


1
??????????????? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ???? ????????? (1837-1914)
  • ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? (1866-1919)

2
http//cys.che.nsk.su, ?????? ????????
????? 1. ?.?. ??????? ?.?. ?????, ?.?.
??????, ?.?. ??????????. ??????????????? ?????.
??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????.
?????? ? ?????????? ????????? 2. ?.?. ????????,
?.?. ???????, ?.?. ??????????, ?.?. ??????????.
??????????????? ?????. ?., ???????????, 2007. 3.
?.?. ???????, ?.?. ?????????. ?????
??????????????? ??????????. ?., ????????,
2007. 4. ??. ????. ?????????????? ?????. ?.,
?????, 1987.
3
Diesbach, 1702 Fe(CN)63- ??????????
?????? Lewis, 1763 K2PtCl6 Tassaert, 1798
Co(NH3)6Cl3 Magnus, 1828 Pt(NH3)4PtCl4 Zeise
, 1825 -1827 KPtCl3(C2H4)H2O sal
kalicoplatinicus inflammabilis Playfair, 1849
Na2Fe(CN)5(NO)?2H2O ????????????? Roussin, 1858
Fe2S2(NO)42- Schützenberger, 1869 Pt(CO)2Cl2
Mond, 1888 Ni(CO)4 1893 ??????
??????????????? ?????? Hein, 1919 ????????? Cr(0)
? Cr(I) ? ???????? ? ????????? Hein, 20-e ??.
Zn(C2H5)3- Weichselfelder, 1926 FeH64-
(little understood species ????????? ?
1981) 1940-e ?? Al(BH4)3, U(BH4)4
Ni(PF3)4 Kealey, Pauson, 1951 Fe(C5H5)2
???????? Vaska, 1963 Ir(CO)Cl(PPh3)2(O2)
Allen, Senoff, 1965 Ru(NH3)5(N2)2 Kubas, 1984
W(CO)3(PCy3)2(H2) Seidel, Seppelt, 2000
AuXe42 ?????? ??? ??????! von Schleyer, 2002
Ti(P5)2- P5- ?????? ?5?5-
4
???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???
???????, ?????????? ??????? ????????
Co(NH3)63 - ???????? Co(NH3)6Cl3
??????????? ?????????? Fe(CO)5 ???????? ?
??????????? ??????????
5
?????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????????, ???????
??????? ? ??????????? ?????? ? ????? ????????????
?????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?
???????, ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ?
??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????
(??) ????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ?
??????????? ??????
Fe(CO)5
Co(NH3)63
6
??????????? ??????????
  • ???????-??????????? ???????? (1923 ?, ?????)
    ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ???? (?????????
    ??????), ? ??????????? ???? ????????? ????????
    (??????? ??????) p, d - ????????
  • ?????????????????? ?????????????? (s, f
    ????????)
  • ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????
    ????????? (s, p, d, f), ???? ???? ?????????
    ???????? ???????????? ?????, ????????? ?????????
    ??????????? ???? ?? ???????

7
?????????????? ?????????
8
????????? ? ???????????
WH4(H2)4
9
???????
????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????
????????? ???????? ?????? (NCS-, NCO-, NO2-,
SO32- CN-) ??????? SCN- ???? ???????? ????
S ??????????-??????, ???? ???????? ???? N
?????????????-?????? ?????? CN- ???? ????????
???? C ?????-??????, ???? ???????? ???? N
????????-??????
???????-??????
?????-??????
10
???????????? ??????
???????????
???????
?2
???????? ????????? ?????????????
Na2Fe(CN)5NO?2H2O ??? ?????? ????????????
11
???????? ??????????????? ??????????
?????? Co(NH3)5BrSO4 ?????-???????
Co(NH3)5SO4Br ??????? ?????????
Cr(H2O)6Cl3 ??????? (??????????) Cr(H2O)5Cl
Cl2?H2O ??????-??????? ???-Cr(H2O)4Cl2Cl?2H2
O ?????-??????? ????????- Cu(NH3)4PtCl4 ???
???? Pt(NH3)4CuCl4
12
????????????? ??????? (dens, ?. ???. dentis
???. ???) ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?
???????? ????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????
(?? ????. ??????) ?????????, ? ??????? ??????
? ??????????? ???? ???????? ????
??????????????????????? (edta)-??????
???????????? (en) - ??????
13
?????????? ???????
14
?????? ???????????????? ????
??????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????
?????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????
???? ??????? ??????????????? ??? ????????
????????????? ?????, ??????? ?????????????
??????????? ?? d-????????? ??????? ?????? ??????
????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????,
??????????? ???????, ????????????, ????????
????????? ????????, ???????? ?????????
15
?????????????? ?????????
?????????????? ?????????
??????????? ?????????
eg
eg
t2g
t2g
?o ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????
16
???????????? ????? ???????
?0 10Dq D 35ze/4a5 q 2er4/105 z - ?????
?????? ? - ?????????? M-L q - ???????
?????????? d- ????????? ?? ????
17
1 ??? 83 ??-1
18
????????????????? ???
I- lt Br- lt S2- lt SCN- lt Cl- lt NO3- lt N3-, F- lt
OH- lt O2- lt H2O lt NCS- lt CH3CNlt ltNH3 ? C5H5N lt en
lt bipy lt phen lt NO2- lt P(C6H5)3 lt CN- lt
CO (Tsuchida, Jørgensen, Ballhausen)
19
  • ?0 ??????? ??
  • ?? ??????????? ???????????? ????
  • (??????? ??? ??????????????
  • d5 ????????????)
  • 2. ?? ?????? (2 lt 3 lt 4)
  • 3. 3d lt 4d lt 5d (30 ????)
  • 4. ?? ??????? (??. ????)
  • 5. ?? ????????
  • ??????????????
  • 10Dq fg

20
???? ????????
d3, d8 ???????????? ??????????? (Cr3, Mo3,
Re4, Ni2) d0, d5, d10 ????????????
??????????? (Ca2, Ti4, Mn2, Fe3, Zn2, Ag)
P gt 10 Dq, P ??????? ??????????
21
????????? ???????? ??????????
  • 2.84???? (???????????)
  • s g?s(s1) (?????????? ??????)
  • ?SL ?4S(S1) L(L1)
  • ?????? ?s lt ? lt ?SL

???????????? ???????? ????????????? ??
?????????? ???? ????????????? ????????
??????????? ? ????????? ???? (????? ???????????
??????????)
22
??????????????? ?????????
t2
e
t2
e
?? ? ?o
23
???????? ??? ????????
?t 4/9?o (??? ??????????? ??????????) ?
??????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????
??????! MReCl4 (d4) ?????????????? ????????
Re3Cl123- ? Re2Cl82- c ???????? ? ??????????
??????? ?????-?????!
24
Ni2
25
???????????????? ?????????
d8 Au3, Pt2, Pd2, Rh(I), Ir(I) ? ????? Cu3,
Ag3, Ni2 ????? AuXe42
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