COSC513 Project Linux Features

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COSC513 ProjectLinux Features

• Instructor Prof. Mort Anvari
• Student Yingfeng Luo
• ID 103565

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Abstract

• Linux is quite possibly the most important free
  software achievement

• Introduction
• System Features
• Software Features
• Compare With Other OS
• Basic Commands

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Introduction

• Linux is the great success story of Open Source
  software development.
• Linux was originally developed as a hobby project
  by Linus Torvalds. It was inspired by Minix, a
  small UNIX system
• Linux is a free Unix-type operating system
• Linux can run on a variety of platforms including
  PowerPC, Macintosh, Amiga, Atari, DEC Alpha, Sun
  Sparc, ARM, and many others.

Due to the very nature of Linuxs functionality
and availability, I choose Linux operating system
features as my project.
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System Features

• Multitasking, Multiuser
• Many people can run many different applications
  on one computer at the same time.
• Login session differs yourself with others.
• Administrator
• In Linux you are the system administrator which
  differs from UNIX, so you must set up your own
  account before you can log in.
• In addition, each system has a host name assigned
  to it. It is this host name that gives your
  machine a name, gives it character and charm. The
  host name is used to identify individual machines
  on a network, but even if your machine isn't
  networked, it should have a host name.

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System Features (Cont. 1)

• Stability
• Linux boxes are known for running months or even
  years at a time without crashing, freezing, or
  having to be rebooted.
• Linux stores the date in a different way from
  other computers. (Its trouble date is 2038, by
  which time a small modification to the kernel
  should have solved the problem.)
• Also, because it is extremely secure compared to
  other platforms, viruses for Linux are
  practically non-existent.
• Speed
• Linux machines are extremely fast, because the OS
  is very efficient at managing resources such as
  memory, CPU power, and disk space.

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System Features (Cont. 2)

• Graphical Interface
• Linux Linux has at least a dozen graphical
  interfaces (known as window managers)
• The most popular window managers are KDE (the K
  Desktop Environment) and GNOME (the GNU Network
  Object Model Environment).
• These offer the point-and-click, drag-and-drop
  functionality associated with other user-friendly
  environments, but are extremely flexible and can
  take on a number of different looks and feels.
• Programs that work with one window manager nearly
  always work with all the others.

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System Features (Cont. 3)

• Software Development
• Linux development environment is second to none.
• Linux systems come standard with C and C
  compilers and an assembler, and often include
  Pascal, FORTRAN, and BASIC implementations as
  well.
• In addition, modern languages like Perl and
  Python and classic languages like LISP are all
  available, fully functional and completely free.
• In addition, the source code for nearly any Linux
  program is freely available. This not only means
  that bugs are discovered and corrected almost
  immediately, but development of software proceeds
  at a much faster pace

The source code for nearly any Linux program is
freely available. This phenomenon is called
Open Source.
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System Features (Cont. 4)

• Networking
• Networking comes naturally to Linux.
• Probably all networking protocols in use on the
  Internet are native to Linux.
• A large part of the Web is running on Linux
  boxes, especially because of the Apache Web
  Server proving the effectiveness and viability of
  the Open Source approach.
• Linux Kernel
• The central nervous system of Linux is Kernel
• The Linux kernel is developed to use
  protected-mode features of Intel 80386 and better
  processors.
• Linux kernel was designed for multitasking
  systems like UNIX.
• The kernel design is modular, so that the actual
  OS code is very small yet able to load whatever
  functionality it needs, and free the memory
  afterwards.
• The kernel remains small and fast yet highly
  extensible

Linux is created for networking. Kernel is the
central nervous system of Linux.
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System Features (Cont. 5)

• Other Features
• Jobs and processes
• A running process is also called a job.
• Jobs can either be in the foreground or in the
  background.
• Jobs may also be suspended
• Productivity
• coexist on the same machine as other OS.
• Etc.

You can install Linux, Windows and OS/2 all on
one system
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Software Features

• Directory Tree
• The example is Linux directory tree
• Text Editor
• there are many editors available for Linux
  vi, ex, pico, jove, and GNU emacs etc.
• vi -- visual editor.' is common in UNIX/Linux.
• /home/larry vi test
• Virtual Console
• Let you have more than one login session on the
  console at one time.
• Shell Programing
• A shell is just one interface to Linux.
• Shell is a program that takes the commands you
  type and translates them into instructions to the
  Linux.

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Compare With Other OS
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Basic Commands

• Mousehouse login larry
• Password larry's password
• Welcome to mousehouse!
• /home/larry --
  shell's prompt
• /home/larry exit --
  logout
• /home/larry password -- change
  password
• /home/larry ls --
  list the contents of directory
• /home/larry ls -F --
  list and tell which is file/directory
• /home/larry mkdir foo -- create
  directory "foo"
• /home/larry cd foo -- move
  to directory foo
• /home/larry cp /etc/shells . -- copy
  file "shells"
• /home/larry mv termcap shells -- rename file
  "termcap" into
• "shells, you may also move "termcap" into a new
  directory

• /home/larry rm shells --
  remove file/directory
• /home/larry more shells -- look at
  the file "shells"
• /home/larry man ls -- get
  online help for "ls
• Changing permissions command
• Syntax chmod a, u, g, o , - r, w, x
• A ( all )
• U ( user )
• G ( group )
• O ( owner )
• ( add rights )
• - ( take away )
• r ( read )
• w ( write )
• x ( execute )