Orchard Sprayer

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Orchard Sprayer Set-up and Calibration for
Efficient and Safe Use of Pesticides
University of Georgia
Paul E. Sumner Extension Agricultural
Engineer Tifton, Ga 229-386-3442 psumner_at_uga.edu
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Herbicide Sprayers
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5 to 7 gpm/100 gallons tank
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SUGGESTED SPRAY HEIGHT
Angle Spacing Height 80 20 inches 15 -
18 110 30 inches 15 - 18
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EXTENDED RANGE FLAT FAN
110o
80o
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8001
8002
8006
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EXTENDED RANGE FLAT FAN
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Turbo Teejet
Extended Range
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18 psi
Turbo Flood
Flood
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40 psi
Air Injection
Extended Range
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Air Injection
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Spray Solution Characteristics

• A. Surface Tension
• B. Density
• C. Viscosity

Effects droplet size, not flow

• Weight/unit volume
• density - flow rate decreases

Resistance to flow
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Nozzle Output Method
1) Select appropriate distance
2) Mark it off in the field
3) Set throttle setting and gear
4) Drive the measured distance and time in seconds
5)Operate the sprayer sitting still and collect
for time interval
6) Total discharge measured in ounces is GPA
applied
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Calibration Distance
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Note Time In Seconds
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Adjust Pressure
Collect for Distance Time
Measure the Amount Collected
The amount collected is your GPA rate
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Air Blast Sprayers
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Coverage is Essential for Maximum Production
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REGULATORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
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VOLUME OF DEAD AIR
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Pecan Sprayer Clinics

• Check Sprayer Speed
• Record Nozzle Configuration
• Check Spray Placement
• Make Recommendations

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50 ft
40 ft
30 ft
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
Pecan Tree Size 54 60 ft
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
Tree Size, AeroFan Engine, 2.0 mph
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
Speed Spraying, DW PTO 36 Fan
3.1 to 2.4 km/h 29.8 1.9 to 1.5 mph
4.8 to 2.4 km/h 34.9 3.0 to 1.5 mph
4.8 to 3.1 km/h 7.8 3.0 to 1.9 mph
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One Side Spraying
Two Side Spraying
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
One vs. Two Side Spraying, DW PTO 36 Fan, 3.1
km/h
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
One vs. Two Side Spraying, DW Engine 42, 3.1
km/h
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17 nozzles
2/3 volume
4 - D5-45
2 - D7-45
4 - D6-45
Flow rate 16.00 gpm Top 2/3 10.72 gpm
Bottom 1/3 5.28 gpm
4 - D5-45
1/3 volume
2 - D4-45
Boom
88 gpa 1.5 mph 60 ft spacing
1 - D3-45
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18 nozzles
Flow rate 16.96 gpm Top 3/4 13.0 gpm Bottom
1/4 3.96 gpm
3/4 volume
Large Trees
4 - D5-45
2 - D7-45
6 - D6-45
2 - D5-45
93 gpa 1.5 mph 60 ft spacing
1/4 volume
2 - D4-45
Boom
2 - D3-45
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
Reduction of Nozzles 14 increase
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Day and Night Spraying
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Orchard Air Blast Sprayer Comparison
Medium Tree, 56 ft, 2 mph 23 increase
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RECOMENDATIONS
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2/3 - 3/4 Spray Directed Toward Top 1/2 of Tree
1/2
1/2
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Hollow Cone Nozzles
Core
2/3 volume
Disc
D5-45
D7-45
D6-45
D5-45
1/3 volume
D4-45
Boom
D3-45
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Savage
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Nozzle Orientation
Coarse
Fine
Perpendicular
Parallel
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Two Sided Spraying Up to 80 percent Leaf Canopy
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Sprayer Speed Less than 2.5 mph Higher
Performance lt 2.0 mph
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SPEED

• Slow enough to displace untreated air with
  chemical laden air
• Large fans deliver more air volumebetter
  coverage
• Small fans should be used on small trees(lt40 ft)
• Slower the speed better the coverage
• Slower the speed more GPA /w same nozzles
• Same GPA ? re-nozzle

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Rate per Acre
TREE SIZE GPA
Up to 25 ft 25 25 to 50 50 - 75 50 and
Up 100 - 125
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Questions?