CCNA 1 v3.0 Module 2 Networking Fundamentals

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CCNA 1 v3.0 Module 2 Networking Fundamentals
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Objectives
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Data Networks
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What is a Network?

• At its simplest a network is two or more devices
  which are connected together using some kind of
  transmission medium
• A very simple network may be one desktop
  connected to a laptop

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Network History
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Network History continued
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Networking Devices
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Network Topology
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Network Protocols
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Local-area Networks (LANs)
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Wide-area Networks (WANs)
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Metropolitan-Area Network (MANs)
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Storage-Area Networks (SANS)
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Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
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The following are the three main types of VPNs

• Access VPNs Access VPNs provide remote access
  to a mobile worker and small office/home office
  (SOHO) to the headquarters of the Intranet or
  Extranet over a shared infrastructure. Access
  VPNs use analog, dialup, ISDN, digital subscriber
  line (DSL), mobile IP, and cable technologies to
  securely connect mobile users, telecommuters, and
  branch offices.
• Intranet VPNs Intranet VPNs link regional and
  remote offices to the headquarters of the
  internal network over a shared infrastructure
  using dedicated connections. Intranet VPNs differ
  from Extranet VPNs in that they allow access only
  to the employees of the enterprise.
• Extranet VPNs Extranet VPNs link business
  partners to the headquarters of the network over
  a shared infrastructure using dedicated
  connections. Extranet VPNs differ from Intranet
  VPNs in that they allow access to users outside
  the enterprise.

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Benefits of VPNs
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Intranet and Extranet VPN
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Importance of Bandwidth
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Bandwidth Pipe Analogy
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Bandwidth Highway Analogy
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Bandwidth Measurements
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Bandwidth Limitations
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Bandwidth Throughput
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Digital Transfer Calculation
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Digital versus Analog
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Using Layers to Analyze Problems
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Communication

• All of the different types of network face the
  problem of interconnection
• Computers are made by different manufacturers to
  many different standards
• In order for them to communicate they must adopt
  the same rules

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Open Systems Interconnection

• ISO OSI Reference model
• The International Standards Organisation set out
  a system for Open Systems Interconnection
• This lays out the way that systems should
  communicate with each other
• The OSI model has 7 layers

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Advantages

• Breaks network communication into smaller,
  simpler parts
• Makes learning easier.
• Lets people and companies specialise
• It allows different types of network hardware and
  software to communicate with each other.
• It prevents changes in one layer from affecting
  the other layers, so that they can develop more
  quickly.

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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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OSI Layers
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TCP/IP Model
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Data Encapsulation
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OSI Reference Model
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OSI Reference Model
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Summary