Polycentric Development

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Polycentric Development Territorial Cohesion
in the BSR
Presentation for KTH Planningn for Regional
Development Course
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Where Baltic Sea Region
Geography Administrative divisions
Why Regional Development
History Future trends
Balanced development Integration (geographic,
socio-economic) Policy coordination
How to achieve Polycentric Development
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Where
Baltic (Belt, white) Baltic Sea 11 countries
(44 EU) 2,4 xxx km2 (60 EU) ?48 forest
?20 agriculture and pasture ?1 built up
areas ?17 basin is unused land ?8 wetland
DIVERSITY
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NUTS Nomenclature of Units for Territorial
Statistics (institutional divisions normative
criteria) Territorial changes have changed NUTS
classification Changes of Codes not connected
with territorial changes Introduced 1981 Used
since 1988 Publishing 1995,1999, 2003 E.g.
Sweden NUTS1(1) - NUTS2 (8) - NUTS3 (21)
TOOLS
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• 103 mill inhab
• (546 mill inhab EU
• 22 c/r EU)
• 44 inhab/km2
• (120 inhab/km2 EU)
• ? 20700 GDP cap average (est)
• (? 28100 GDP EU)
• Heterogeneous economic area
• From centrally planned economy to market
  economies
• Privatization process
• Join Interational Organisations

DISPARITIES
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Why Regional Development looking the history
looking trends
Strongly economic forces during 16th-17th
centuries 18th century Russia saw the
strategic importance of the Baltic
Since Roman times exited trade Middle Ages,
viking from Scandinavia use rives for trade routes
19th-20th century, new transport routes, new
industries, tourism,
MARKET FORCES TRANSPORT ROUTES
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How to achieve Polycentric Development in BSR
What we have
What we can do
What we can use
Diversity Disparities Market
Forces Transport Routes
Look for advantages Create opportunities
Human and natural resources New and better
Accessibility
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Environmet ESPON Function
al integration and especialisation Spatial
system VASAB Transnational cooperation
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How to achieve Polycentric Development in BSR
CONCEPTS METHODOLOGIES
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Polycentric Development in BSR...
First we explore the potentials and challenges of
the BSR in terms of achieving territorial
cohesion by means of the policy instruments of
polycentric urban development and accessibility.

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Polycentric Development in BSR Potentials
256 FUAs (1959) 22 MEGAS (29 of Total Megas)
Potential Baltic Integration Zone
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Polycentric Development in BSR...
Secondly, we explored the way in which these
potentials could be connected. Transnational
cooperation is key in this process, by
integrating new forms of partnerships and
agreements A secondary benefit that has emerged
is the creation of new markets at national and
international levels and other new thematic
areas.
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Polycentric Development in BSR... Transnational
cooperation
Example Interreg IIIB
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Polycentric Development in BSR... Transnational
cooperation
2425 Partners
Medium Sized Cities in Dialogue around the Baltic
Sea (MECIBS)
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Polycentric Development in BSR... Thematic areas
T1 Water, Coast management T2 Natural Risk
prevention T3 Accessibility and Transport T4
Scientific Innovation Networks T5 Spatial
Development T6 Sustainable Development T7
Economic Development T8 Urban Development and
Networks T9 Natural and Cultural heritage
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Polycentric Development in BSR...
Thirdly we propose the generation of a
Territorial Cohesion Strategy for BSR as means
implementing common actions and connecting the
various potentials available in the BSR.
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Polycentric Development in BSR... Connecting
Potentials
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How to achieve Polycentric Development in BSR
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Priority 1 Spatial Planning Actions Administrat
ive and political structures 3 parliamentary
monarchies, 2 federal states, 6
republics Traditional v/s new visions of
planning land use, authority levels External
factors that affect urban structures and
functions global market, oil crisis Building
capacity and governance participatory and
transparent planning
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Priority 1 Spatial Planning Actions Sectoral
Policies and Cross Sectoral Policies Formulate
goals Coordination Implementation
Implications (short,medium, long term)
Sectoral Policies Regional specialisation Planning
and land-use functions
Cross Sectoral Policies Vertical and horizontal
integration Effective channels Engagement,
commitment
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Priority 2 Coordinated actions Encouraging more
transnational projects (BALTSPON) Best practices
(do not re-invent the wheel) Networking (sister
cities, market, transport.)
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Priority 3 - Territorial Cohesion
Strategy Identify Urban Systems Regions and
cities functional specialisation Regional and
city goals Identify Territorial Strategies for
Transnational Cooperation Classify areas
similar problem/solutions Classify areas
accessibility and transport Specific assets e.g.
Geographic conditions and cultural issues Degree
of transnational cooperation Priorities Areasfor
what, where.
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Donot forget about scales...
Lisbon Stragety
Gothenburg Strategy Rotterdam Strategy