Chapter 191 Introduction to Ecology

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Chapter 19-1 Introduction to Ecology
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Biosphere -1
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Chapter 19-1 Objectives

• Define Ecology, explain why its important
• List describe 3 human caused environmental
  problems
• I.D. five levels of organization in ecology
• Explain the theme of interconnectedness

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Humans changing the environment

• Global population tripled in the 20th Century.
• The lack of space resources is causing mass
  extinction

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Ozone Layer

• A relatively high layer of O3 absorbs ultraviolet
  light from the sun\
• Man-Made Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) other
  chemicals react with ozone, decomposing it.
• A chlorine atom can disable 100,000 ozone
  molecules, before UV radiation

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Greenhouse effect

• Like any stone the Earth heats up in the
  sunlight, and then heat escapes in the dark
• Carbon Dioxide water vapor insulates the Earth
  reflecting escaping heat back
• Burning fossil fuels leads to an increase of CO2
  levels rise warming the globe
• Melting the ice caps?

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Levels of Organization

• Is the whole greater than the sum of the parts?
• Emergent Properties larger groups (of cells,
  individuals, chemicals) can carry out more
  complex processes.
• Every level influences every other level
• Butterfly effect
• A butterfly flaps its wings

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The levels of organization

• Biosphere part of Earth that supports life
• Ecosystems the organisms non-living
  environment in a particular place
• Community only the organisms in a particular
  place
• Population the members of one species in one
  place during one stretch of time
• Organism The individual

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Interconnectedness

• No one is isolated
• Survival depends on interactions
• Networks are what matter
• Disturbing the environment will come back and
  affect humanity