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CORONAVIRUSES

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E-mail Web site. LEARNING OBJECTIVES ... HOST RANGE : pigs. TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV) ... A vaccine (Primucell) is available outside the UK. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CORONAVIRUSES


1
CORONAVIRUSES
  • PETER H. RUSSELL, BVSc, PhD, FRCPath, MRCVS
  • Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases,
    The Royal Veterinary College,
  • Royal College Street,
  • London NW1 OTU.
  • E-mail Web site

2
LEARNING OBJECTIVESStudents should be able to
  • Compare the pathogenesis and epizootiology of
    enteric coronaviruses of calves and pigs.
  • Discuss the diagnosis of and problems
    associated with the control of feline infectious
    peritonitis virus.
  • Explain how infectious bronchitis virus of
    chickens is controlled.

3
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
4
TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV)
  • DISEASE PATHOGENESIS

5
TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV)
  • HOST RANGE pigs

6
TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV)
  • EPIZOOTIOLOGY Faecal-oral transmission
    chronic carriers may harbour infection in the
    respiratory tract (TGEV replicates in the lung
    also). Common in the U.S. In Europe, sporadic
    outbreaks occur. In the UK, TGE is often absent
    for several years.

7
TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV)
  • DIAGNOSIS

8
TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS (TGEV)
  • CONTROL

9
PORCINE RESPIRATORY CORONAVIRUS
  • (PRCV)

10
BOVINE ENTERIC CORONAVIRUS
  • DISEASE PATHOGENESIS Infects the small
    intestinal colonic enterocytes causing villus
    stunting and a malabsorption diarrhoea. Also
    infects respiratory tract. One of the pathogens
    found associated with calf scour.

11
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)FIP is a
fatal disease which occurs in around one tenth of
cats infected with the feline coronavirus (FCoV).
Therefore most cats infected with FCoV do not
develop FIP.
  • DISEASE A slow death. Some weeks, months or
    years after a localized primary infection with
    FCoV, cats who have failed to eliminate the virus
    can develop FIP.

12
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)
  • ANTIGENICITY The virus associated with FIP is
    indistinguishable antigenically from the common
    enteric FCoV.

13
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)
  • HOST RANGE Domestic wild cats.

14
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)
  • CONTROL
  • A vaccine (Primucell) is available outside the
    UK. It will not protect cats already incubating
    FIP and kittens have to be isolated to prevent
    infection with FCoV before they are old enough to
    be vaccinated at 16 weeks. Problems with
    vaccination Antibodies do not protect from the
    disease and probably make it worse.

15
INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS (IBV) of CHICKENS
  • ANTIGENICITY At least 8 serotypes in two
    antigenic groups.

16
INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS (IBV) of CHICKENS
  • EPIZOOTIOLOGY World-wide infection.
    Transmission by infectious droplet inhalation or
    faecal/oral. Persistent infections may occur for
    several months following recovery.

17
OTHER CORONAVIRUSES
18
Summary
  • The pathogenesis of the gastroenteritis caused
    by TGEV in pigs and BCV in calves is similar but
    TGEV is epizootic or enzootic in pigs while BCV
    is enzootic.
  • Feline Infectious Peritonitis is a fatal disease
    of cats (effusive/non-effusive forms). Diagnosis
    is difficult no vaccines in the UK.
  • Infectious Bronchitis Virus is controlled by
    aerosol vaccination of chicks with attenuated
    vaccines.
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