Pengantar Teknologi Informasi

1
Pengantar Teknologi Informasi
7. Layer Fisik, Data Link

• Fakultas Ekonomi
• UNPAR

2
Sebelumnya

• Komunikasi
• Standard
• Protocol
• Layer
• Modem

3
Arah Transmisi

• Simplex
• Contoh siaran radio
• Duplex
• Half duplex
• Full duplex

simplex
4
Ethernet

• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  (IEEE) 802.3 standard kontrol media LAN
• MAC address medium access control
• xxxxxxyyyyyy
• (perusahaan)(nomor urut)
• CSMA/CD
• Collision

3COM CORPORATION
INTEL CORPORATION - HF1-06
gatut_at_student2003/home/gatut Enter Command arp
-a home.unpar.ac.id (10.210.1.2) at
00010296f6ff on xl0 ethernet student.unpar.
ac.id (10.210.1.3) at 00600896e190 on xl0
ethernet student2001.unpar.ac.id (10.210.1.11)
at 00010288d022 on xl0 ethernet sql-1.unpar
.ac.id (10.210.1.114) at 00a0c9ed18e8 on xl0
ethernet ? (10.210.1.115) at 000021ea646b
on xl0 ethernet
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Ethernet

• 802.3 standard kontrol media LAN
• MAC address medium access control
• CSMA/CD
• Collision

CSMA/CD Listen media While media busy Wait for
random time Listen media End while Send signal
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Ethernet

• 802.3 standard kontrol media LAN
• MAC address medium access control
• CSMA/CD
• Collision

gatut_at_student2003/home/gatut
Enter
command netstat -in Name Mtu Network
Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs
Coll xl0 1500 ltLink1gt 00021ef15860
1005245 20193 412382 0 0 xl0 1500
10.2.20/24 10.2.20.1 35867 -
23186 - - xl0 1500 fe801202
fe8012021eff 0 - 0 -
- xl0 1500 10.2.21/24 10.2.21.1
144515 - 139629 - - xl1 1500
ltLink3gt 000102674bab 1934362 61022
510836 0 11191 xl1 1500 10.2.10/24
10.2.10.1 13322 - 7742 -
- xl1 1500 fe803201 fe8032012fff
0 - 0 - - xl1 1500
10.2.70/24 10.2.70.1 11864 -
1966 - - xl1 1500 10.2.90/24
10.2.90.1 8354 - 1619 -
-
Jumlah collision
7
Media Transmisi

• Kabel, wire, guided
• Nirkabel, wireless, unguided

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Kabel

• Twisted Pair
• Shielded twisted pair (stp)
• Unshielded twisted pair (utp)
• Coaxial cable
• Optical fiber

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Hubungan 2 komputer

• Hubungkan 2 komputer
• serial-to-serial terminal, null modem
• network card, UTP cable
• Network card, coaxial cable

10
Hubungan 2 komputer

• Hubungkan 2 komputer melalui PSTN

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Hubungan 2 komputer

• Hubungkan komputer ke ISP

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UTP, banyak komputer

• 1 hub beberapa komputer
• jumlah port di hub

13
Jaringan UTP

• Hubungan antar hub

14
Twisted Pair

• Jenis
• STP
• UTP
• Speed autosensing

4 pairs (8 lembar) No metal shielding
RJ-45 Jack
RJ-45 Connector
15
UTP
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Coaxial

• cabel TV (CATV)
• LAN

17
Fiber Optic

• Serat lensa

18
Wireless

• Radio modem
• waveLAN
• Access Point
• WiFi
• VSAT
• PAN bluetooth, IrDA

19
Service band
Frequency Spectrum (0 Hz to infinity)

• service band pita layanan
• Setiap service band dibagi dalam beberapa chanel
• Bandwidth lebar pita
• Makin lebar pita, makin cepat sinyal
• Broadband wide bandwidth
• Narowband small bandwidth

Channel 5
Channel 4
Service Band
Channel 3
Channel 2
Channel 1
0 Hz
20
Radio Modem

• Frekuensi radio 30 300 MHz
• Max data rate 100 Kbps
• Jarak tergantung amplifier
• Radio amatir

21
waveLAN

• Standard 802.11
• Unlicensed frequency 2,4 GHz dan 5,8 GHz
• industrial, scientific and medical devices (ISM)
• Hubungan antar gedung, maks 5 km
  amplifier-gt60km
• Digunakan oleh warnet, sekolah, isp
• Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

22
Access Point

• Penghubung dari wireless ke LAN

23
WiFi

• Wireless Local Area Network based on IEEE 802.11
  specification
• 802.11b 11 mbps 2.4 GHz
• 802.11g 50 mbps 2.4 GHz
• 802.11a 50 mbps 5 GHz
• connecting mobile data devices and Wi-Fi access
  points to wired network
• Wireless Protected Access
• hotspot

24
Bluetooth

• connecting between mobile data devices
• PAN personal area network
• Frekuensi 2.4 GHz

25
IrDA

• Infrared Data Association

26
Satellite
Geosynchronous Satellite
Point-to-Point Uplink
Broadcast Downlink
Earth Station A
Earth Station B
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Topology

• Star
• Bus
• Ring

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Jarak

• LAN jarak dekat, area terbatas
• WAN jarak jauh, melalui area publik

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Peralatan

• Amplifier penguat sinyal
• Hub konektor
• Switch circuit
• Bridge penghubung segmen
• Router gateway

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Amplifier

• Setelah melalui jarak tertentu, sinyal melemah.
• Amplifier menerima dan mengirim sinyal ulang
  dengan kekuatan yang lebih besar
• sederhana
• - noise juga ikut dikuatkan

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Hub

• Hubungkan beberapa komputer dalam satu network
• Repeater mengulang data yang masuk

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Switch

• Meneruskan paket hanya ke tujuan

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Perbandingan switch - hub

• Speed shared
• Broadcast
• Congestion antrian numpuk
• Latency terlambat

• Speed dedicated
• Single port
• Multiple simultaneous transmision

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Bridge

• Jembatan dua segmen network

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Router

• Hubungkan 2 network yang berbeda

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Hub layer fisik
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Switch layer data link
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Layanan Kabel

• Leased Circuit (LC), leased line kabel
  (telepon) sinyal analog sewa point-to-point
  langsung
• Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
• Virtual Circuits
• Frame relay
• Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) kabel telepon
  didaftarkan (subscribe) untuk hantar sinyal
  digital.
• Asymmetric DSL (ASDL)
• Symmetric DSL (SDSL)
• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) kabel
  telepon sinyal digital, sinyal analog
• Cable Modem

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ISDN

• isdn