Trouble in the English Colonies

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Trouble in the English Colonies
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1. Metacoms (King Philip) War

• Metacom leader of Wampanoag Indians
• Starts war June 1675 after Indian was killed for
  looting a house in Plymouth

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Contd

• Settlers underestimate Indians
• War on both sides characterized by terror

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Contd

• War becomes problem for all of New England
• Colonists finally win Dec. 1676 when unite
• effort

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2. Virginias Indian War

• Conflict with Doegs Indians
• Virginia militia sent after Doegs
• Kills innocent Susquehannocks

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Contd

• Gov. Berkeley wants to avoid war sends John
  Washington to make amends
• Washington attacks Susquehannocks
• Berkeley reaction defensive strategy
• Colonists want action!

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3. Bacons Rebellion

• Nathaniel Bacon leads people against Indians
• Berkeley declared Bacon outlaw and calls assembly
  meeting
• Meeting elects Bacon
• Berkeley makes Bacon apologize

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Contd

• Bacon takes over military and leads against ANY
  Indians
• Berkeley
• flees city
• Bacon
• attacks
• Indians

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Contd

• Berkeley and Bacon fight over control of VA
• Bacon wins, then dies of dysentery
• Berkeley regains control, and hangs 23 rebels

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4. Salem Witch Trials

• Girls of Salem accuse people of witchcraft
• Characteristics of Accused
• Against Paris (minister)
• Older Women who owned land

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Contd

• June 1692 trials begin
• Governor of Mass. Ends trials
• Outcome brought Puritan Era to an end

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Which Theory do you support?

• Hysteria in reaction to a over zealous faith
  fueled by superstition and rumor
• Mold causing hallucinogenic
• Economic jealousy
• Actual Witchcraft

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The Second Great Awakening

• 1730s and 40s
• Religious Revival turning back to God

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Leaders

• John Edwards
• George Whitefield
• John Wesley

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• "Father Abraham, whom have you in heaven? Any
  Episcopalians? No! Any Presbyterians? No! Any
  Independents or Methodists? No, No No! Whom have
  you there? We don't know those names here. All
  who are here are Christians...Oh, is this the
  case? The God help us to forget your party names
  and to become Christians in deed and truth.
• George Whitefield

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Consequences of Great Awakening

• New Denominations
• Methodists
• Baptists
• Presbyterians
• Women rights increased

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Contd

• Broke down localism
• New Colleges
• Yale, William and Mary, Harvard, Princeton,
  Dartmouth

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Points to Ponder

• In what ways or events are the colonies united?
• What do you think have been the most important
  events in SHAPING colonial America?

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French and Indian War
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Causes

• Land claimed by both the French and English

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• 2. Tension in Europe between England and France,
  4 wars between 1690-1760s
• 3. French set up line of Forts along Allegheny
  mountains

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• 4. Virginia militia sends in George Washington
  to take French fort of Duquesne
• War
• Begins!

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Albany Congress

• 1754
• Meeting to talk with Iroquois and make them an
  ally

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Contd

• Colonists led by Ben Franklin also want to form a
  union for protection

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Albany Plan of Union

• President General (appointed by England)
• General Assembly
• Union has power to build forts, levy taxes,
  regulate trade, raise an army

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Reaction to the Plan

• Every colony rejected it
• England angered!

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First Part of War Colonists Fight French

• Untrained
• Not unified
• Losing Battles

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England Takes over

• 1754 sends in General Edward Braddock and troops
• Braddocks Plan
• Split troops, attack in 4 places

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1755 Year of English Defeats

• 1. Lose Fort Duquesne
• 1,850 British and colonists v. 800 French and
  Indian forces
• British casualties 977, 39 French Casualties.

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Contd

• 2. Lose Fort Oswego
• 3. Lose Fort Ticonderoga

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Reasons for Defeat

• F I use guerilla warfare tactics
• Tension between Colonists and English

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British-American Colonial Tensions
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Tide Turns

• French lose many Indian Allies
• New English Leader William Pitt
• adjusts fighting style
• to match terrain and
• opponent
• Amends colonial relationship

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Battle of Quebec

• British sneak attack
• French surrender on Sept. 12, 1759
• Ends the war

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1763 ? Treaty of Paris
France --gt lost her Canadian possessions
Spain --gt (had been French Ally) but lost Florida
to England.
England --gt got all French lands in Canada
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North America in 1763
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Effects of the War on the American Colonials
1. United against a common enemy.
2. Created bitter feelings towards the British
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Effects of the War on Britain
1. Increased her colonial empire.
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Contd

• Increased
• Englands debt
• 3.Created resentment towards colonies

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North America 1750