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Solar energy in a obligatory green certificate
market
Rolf Jarle Aaberg, Norwegian Solar Energy
Society Solenergidagen 19. March 2002
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Norwegian Solar Energy Society

• Founded 1981
• A national and international network
• Information communication
• Energy-, business- and RD policies

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NSES Information exchange

• Education and exhibitions
• Seminars and meetings
• Solar Energy (science periodical)
• RE-focus (magazine)
• InfoPoint newsletter
• Solgløtt newsletter
• www.solenergi.no

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NSES Solar energy policies

• Husbanken subsidies
• Hourly power tariffs?
• Training and marketing programmes?
• Subsidy programmes, 24 rebate?
• PV technology introduction?

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International SE policies

• Various types of subsidies
• Fiscal incentives
• Administrative incentives
• Training and marketing programmes
• X thousand solar roofs programmes
• Feed-in tariffs
• Regulatory measures

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Norway vs neighbours - solar collectors

• Denmark 300 000 m2
• Sweden 200 000 m2
• the Netherlands 300 000 m2
• Norway 7000 m2
• Why the difference?

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Policies vs success (1999)
astig
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Green certificates - the idea
Environmental benefit and energy is traded
separately The energy is traded and consumed
locally against common tariffs while the
environmental value is reflected in tradable
certificates issued by authorised bodies. The
certificates can be traded internationally, with
their value determined by open market forces.
This enables market participants of all sizes to
trade in the renewable energy market.
recs
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Green certificates - the idea
Market energy price 15 øre/kWh RE certificate
price 9 øre/kWh RE energy producer
earns 24 øre/kWh
90 energy _at_ 15 øre/kWh 13.5 øre/kWh 10 RE
_at_ 24 øre/kWh 2.4 øre/kWh Consumer
pays 15.9 øre/kWh
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Properties - obligatory certificate market

• Market must meet RE goals
• Market defines price
• Promotes best and cheapest solution
• Reduced political uncertainty
• Being implemented in many countries

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Solar energy in certificate market

• Solar power included in most markets
• Solar heating in AUS (and UK)
• Solar energy lock out risk?

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Certificate exchange Certificate
exchange and heat distribution Certificate
exchange
Building with RE boiler
TRC

Commercial heat producer/ district
heating with RE boiler
TRC
District heating consumer
TRC
heat
heat


Building with fossil fuel boiler

TRC
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Heat vs power certificates

• Efficient RE technologies produce heat
• Norway needs more RE heat
• Norway needs greater diversity
• Norway needs mechanisms to involve end-user and
  energy saving technology

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Certificates, a framework

• Producer vs customer obligations is decisive
  for technology choice
• Integrated with traditional measures
• Solar energy can find a market within a
  certificate framework

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