LOCAL OFFICIALS WORKSHOP 2005

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LOCAL OFFICIALS WORKSHOP 2005
Presented by Southwest Region Planning
Commission
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OVERVIEWI. Introduction/backgroundII. Local
Administration of the Program A. Floodplain
Management Maps Ordinances B. Subdivis
ion and Site Plan Review Regulations
C. Issuing Permits 1. Application
Procedure 2. Special Certifications
III. Map RevisionsIV. Flood InsuranceV. Commun
ity Rating SystemVI. Community Assistance Visit
Salem
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New Hampshires Flood History
Gorham 1927

• Date Area Affected
• 1740 Merrimack
• 1785 Cocheco, baker, Pemigewasset, Contoocook,
  Merrimack
• 1826 Pemigewasset, Merrimack, Contoocook,
  Blackwater, Ashuelot
• 1852 Pemigewasset, Winnespaukee, Contoocook,
  Blackwater, Ashuelot
• 1862 Contoocook, Merrimack, Piscataquot,
  
  Connecticut
• 1869 Androscoggin, Pemigewasset, baker,
  
  Contoocook, Merrimack, Piscataquog,
  
  Soughegan, Ammonoosuc, Mascoma,
  
  Connecticut
• 1927 Pemigewasset, baker, Merrimack,
  Amonoosuc,
  Connecticut
• 1936 Statewide
• 1938 Statewide

Keene 1936
90 of disasters nationwide result from
flooding.
Jaffrey 1938
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New Hampshires Flood History

• Date Area Affected
• 1942 Merrimack River Basin
• 1943 Upper Connecticut, Diamond, Androscoggin
• 1944 Merrimack River
• 1950 Contoocook River, Nubanusit Brook
• 1953 Lower Androscoggin, Saco, Ossipee, Upper
  Ammonoosuc Israel,
  Ammonoosuc
• 1959 White Mountain Area Saco,
  
  Upper Pemigewasset and Ammonoosuc
  Rivers
• 1959 Piscataquog - Portsmouth
• 1960 Merrimack and Piscataquot
• 1969 Merrimack River Basin
• 1972 Coastal Area (Declared a
  National
  Disaster Area)
• 1972 Pemigewasset River
• 1973 Ammonoosuc River

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New Hampshires Flood History

• Date Area Affected
• 1976 Connecticut River
• 1977 South-Central and Coastal Areas
• 1978 Coastal Area
• 1986 Statewide (Presidential Disaster
  Declaration)
• 1987 Androscoggin, Diamond, Saco, Ossipee,
  Piscataquog, Pemigewasset, Merrimack,
  Contoocook Rivers
• 1987 Lamprey River, Beaver Brook (Presidential
  Disaster Declaration)
• 1990 Statewide (Presidential Disaster
  Declaration)
• 1991 Statewide (Presidential Disaster
  Declaration)
• 1995 Northern and Western Regions
• 1996 Northern and Western Regions
• 1998 Central and Southern Regions
• Central and Southwest Regions

Keene 1987
Gorham, 1995
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USEFUL TERMINOLOGY

• Base Flood A flood having a 1 chance of being
  equaled or exceeded in any given year also known
  as the 100-year flood. (Over a 30-year period
  there is a 26 chance of flooding.)
• Base Flood Elevation The height above sea level
  to which flood water would be expected to rise in
  a base, or 100-year flood event.
• Development Any man-made change to improved or
  unimproved real estate, including but not limited
  to buildings or other structures, mining,
  dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation,
  drilling, driving of piles, land clearing, and
  permanent storage of materials and/or equipment.
• Lowest Floor The lowest floor of the lowest
  enclosed area of the building (including
  basement).

A Zone measured from the top of the floor.
V Zone measured from the bottom of the floor.
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USEFUL TERMINOLOGY

• Regulatory Floodway The channel of a river and
  the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in
  order to discharge the base flood without
  increasing the water surface elevation.
• Special Flood Hazard Area An area having flood
  or flood-related erosion hazards. Shown on the
  maps as A or V Zones.

• Substantial Damage/Improvement
  Applies when the cost to
  repair a damaged structure or to improve or
  reconstruct an existing structure in the flood
  hazard area would equal or exceed 50 of the
  market value of the structure.

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The NFIP was created by Congress in 1968 to

• reduce loss of life and property caused by
  flooding
• reduce rising disaster costs caused by flooding
  and
• make federally-backed flood insurance available
  to all property owners in participating
  communities.

Plymouth-Holderness 1995
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FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT ORDINANCES
The Ordinance is the principal tool for achieving
the goals of the program, by
New Hampshire Model Floodplain Management
Ordinance For Communities with Special Flood
Hazard Areas Meets the Minimum Requirements of
Section 60.3(c) of the National Flood Insurance
Program Regulations This ordinance, adopted
pursuant to the authority of RSA 67416, shall be
known as the Town (City) of
________________________ Floodplain Management
Ordinance. If the town has a zoning ordinance
insert the following The regulations in this
ordinance shall overlay and supplement the
regulations in the Town (City) of
Zoning Ordinance, and shall be considered
part of the Zoning Ordinance for purposes of
administration and appeals under state law. If
any provision of this ordinance differs or
appears to conflict with any provision of the
Zoning Ordinance or other ordinance or
regulation, the provision imposing the greater
restriction or more stringent standard shall be
controlling.

• requiring that new and substantially-improved or
  damaged buildings be elevated or constructed to
  resist flood damages
• prohibiting new development or substantial
  improvements that would increase flood heights in
  designated floodways and
• guiding future development away from the SFHA.

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1) require that new and substantially-improved
or damaged buildings be elevated or constructed
to resist flood damages
Elevation on Fill
Elevation on Piers
Elevated Foundation
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2) prohibit new development or substantial
improvements that would increase flood heights in
designated floodways
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3) guide future development away from flood
hazard areas.
EXAMPLE The Conway Zoning Ordinance provides
that within the Floodplain Conservation District,
only agricultural and residential accessory uses,
and sealed public water supplies are permitted
some special exception uses are also permitted,
none of which involve residential or commercial
use. In addition, expansions of existing
buildings or septic systems are not permitted,
and under no circumstances shall the flood
elevation in the Regulatory Floodway be allowed
to rise.
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DEVELOPMENT IN THE SFHA
BEFORE
AFTER
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TYPES OF MAPS AND THE ORDINANCES THAT ARE BASED
ON THOSE MAPS
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Designations of Special Flood Hazard Areas

• Zone A No BFEs determined.
• Zone AE, A1-30 BFEs determined.
• Zone AH Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet
  BFEs determined.
• Zone AO Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet average
  depths determined.
• Zone V Coastal velocity hazard no BFEs
  determined.
• Zone VE, V1-30 Coastal velocity hazard
  BFEs determined.

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FHBM FLOOD HAZARD BOUNDARY MAP The original
maps. Made in the 1970s and early 1980s. No
flood studies were completed prior to their
development. Intended for interim use. Show
only a Zone A- approximate areas (or unnumbered
A Zones), with no base flood elevations.
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NH Communities With Only Unnumbered A Zones
Newbury M Nottingham M Piermont M Rollinsford M S
alisbury M Sandown L Shelburne M Stewartstown L S
ugar Hill M Sullivan M Sutton M Thornton M Water
ville Valley M Westmoreland M Whitefield M Wilmot
L

• Deerfield L
• Dummer L
• Easton M
• Errol L
• Fitzwilliam L
• Francestown M
• Goshen M
• Hill M
• Jefferson M
• Lee M
• Marlow M
• Mason L
• Middleton L
• Milan M
• Moultonborough L
• New Hampton M

Acworth L Albany L Alstead M Andover M Ashland M A
uburn M Barrington L Belmont L Bethlehem M Brookfi
eld M Brookline M Campton M Carroll M Chester L Da
nbury L Danville L
L Minimally floodprone, but converted from FHBM
to FIRM by letter. M Minimally floodprone, FHBM
maps still have original date.
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FIRM FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP (Old Format,
Pre-1986) Developed from Flood Insurance Studies
to replace the FHBMs. Shows the SFHA (100-year
flood zone), the 500-year floodplain, base flood
elevations (if they exist), as well as any
approximate floodplain areas.
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FBFM FLOOD BOUNDARY AND FLOODWAY MAP (Old
Format, Pre-1986) Used to identify the Regulatory
Floodway. Shows the 500-year floodplain, and
approximate floodplain areas. Includes
cross-sectional data from FIS.
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Communities with Floodways Shown on Separate Maps
Created Prior to 1986
Allenstown Amherst Antrim Bartlett Bennington Berl
in Boscawen Canterbury Charlestown Chichester Cla
remont Cornish Croydon
Deering Derry Dover Epping Epsom Exeter Franklin G
ilsum Goffstown Greenfield Greenville Groton
Hancock Hanover Henniker Hillsborough Hinsdale Hol
lis Hooksett Hudson Jackson Laconia Lancaster Litc
hfield Londonderry
Manchester Marlborough Merrimack Milford Newport N
orthfield North Hampton Pelham Pembroke Peterborou
gh Pittsfield Plainfield Plaistow
Rochester Roxbury Rumney Sanbornton Somersworth S
tratford Swanzey Warren Wentworth Wilton Wincheste
r
Not in the Program
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FIRM FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP (New Format, Post
1986). These maps show both the 100- and
500-year floodplains, as well as any floodway
that might exist. Base flood elevations are
shown, if they have been determined.
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Communities with Specialized Flood Hazard Areas
Identified NOT In The Program
Harrisville Kensington Landaff Langdon Lempster Lo
udon Lyman Lyndeborough Madbury Madison Monroe Mon
t Vernon
Newington Orange Pittsburg Randolph Richmond Rumne
y Springfield Stoddard Surry Unity Washington
Alexandria Atkinson Candia Chatham Chichester Clar
ksville Croydon Dorchester Eaton Effingham Gilmant
on Grafton
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A Ordinance Requirements
(No Mapping Available)

• A permit is required for all development
  (according to NFIP definition) anywhere in town.
• Proposed development must be reviewed for
  compliance with other state or federal permits.
• Proposed building sites must be reasonably safe
  from flooding. If the site is flood-prone
• measures must be taken to anchor the building
• materials must be used that are resistant to
  flood damage
• methods of construction must be used that
  minimize flood damage and
• utilities must be designed or located so as to
  prevent water from entering or accumulating.
• Subdivision and site plan review proposals must
  be reviewed to determine whether they are
  reasonably safe from flooding.
• Within flood-prone areas new and replacement
  water and sewer systems must be designed to
  minimize or eliminate the infiltration of
  floodwaters and discharges from the system into
  floodwaters.

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B Ordinance Requirements
(No BFEs or Floodway Data)

• All of the requirements of an a ordinance must
  be met (except for requiring a permit for
  development anywhere in town) in addition to
• Base flood elevation data for all
  development proposals for land greater than
  50 lots or 5 acres, whichever is the lesser,
  must be provided by applicant.
• Available floodway data will be reasonably
  utilized as criteria for compliance with
  elevation and/or floodproofing requirements.
• Adjacent communities and the State NFIP
  Coordinator must be notified of any water
  course alterations.
• Manufactured homes must be elevated and
  anchored.

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C Ordinance Requirements
(BFEs, but no Floodway)
All of the requirements of a b ordinance must
be met, in addition to

• The lowest floor of all residential structures
  must be elevated to or above the BFE.
• Non-residential structures must either be
  elevated or floodproofed to at least one foot
  above BFE.
• The design and construction methods must be
  certified by engineer or architect.
• Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor
  may only be used for parking, building access,
  and storage, and must be designed to
  automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces.
• Until a regulatory floodway is designated, no
  development in any A Zone can cause an increase
  in base flood elevation of more than one foot
  anywhere in the town.
• Recreational vehicles, if left on a site for
  more than 180 consecutive days, or are not
  licensed and ready for highway use, must comply
  with all requirements for manufactured homes.

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D Ordinance Requirements (BFEs and Floodway)

• All of the requirements of a c ordinance must
  be met, in addition to
• There may be no encroachment into the
  regulatory floodway that would cause any
  increase in the base flood elevation.

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E Ordinance Requirements (A Zones with
Elevations and Velocity Zones)

• Must meet all the requirements of a d
  ordinance, in addition to
• All new construction must be located landward
  of the reach of the mean high tide and be at or
  above the BFE.
• New construction and substantial improvements
  can not be elevated on fill, but only on
  pilings or columns, which must be anchored.
• The space below the lowest floor must be free
  of obstructions or constructed with breakaway
  walls, open wood latticework, etc.

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Minimum Requirements for Residential Structures

• Must be
• built at or above the BFE.
• adequately anchored to prevent floatation,
  collapse, or lateral movement
• constructed with materials resistant to flood
  damage

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EXAMPLES OF ELEVATING A HOUSE
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Minimum Requirements for Residential Structures

• Must be
• constructed by methods and practices that
  minimize flood damages and
• constructed with service facilities (utilities)
  designed or located so as to prevent flood
  damage.

Elevated on Piers/Pilings
Elevated on Fill
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Minimum Requirements for Manufactured Homes

• Must be
• elevated to or above the BFE
• on a permanent foundation and
• adequately anchored to prevent floatation,
  collapse, or lateral movement.

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There are different standards for construction in
coastal areas for example, fill may not be used
to elevate a structure only piers or pilings
are acceptable.
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Minimum Requirements for Non-Residential
Structures
Must meet same requirements as residential,
except that instead of being elevated, the
building may be below the BFE, provided that

• the structure is floodproofed to a minimum of
  one (1) foot above the BFE
• the structural components are capable of
  resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and
  the effects of buoyancy and
• that the design and construction methods are
  certified by a registered professional engineer
  or architect that they meet NFIP-accepted
  standards.

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Floodproofing techniques ensure that

• walls are watertight

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• utilities are protected from flood damage

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Examples of Floodproofing/Flood-Resistant
Materials
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• structural components can resist hydrostatic and
  hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy

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SUBDIVISION SITE PLAN REVIEW REQUIREMENTS
This is the language that needs to appear in any
local Subdivision and Site Plan Review Regulation
1. The Planning Board shall review the proposed
development to assure that all necessary permits
have been received from those governmental
agencies from which approval is required by
Federal or State law. 2. The Planning Board shall
require that all subdivision or site plan
proposals greater than 50 lots or 5 acres,
whichever is the lesser, shall include within
such proposals Base Flood Elevation data (i.e.,
floodplain boundary and 100-year flood
elevation). 3. The Planning Board shall require
the applicant to submit sufficient evidence
(e.g., construction drawings, grading and land
treatment plans) so as to allow a determination
that a. all such proposals are consistent with
the need to minimize flood damage b. all
public utilities and facilities are located and
constructed to minimize or eliminate flood
damage and c. adequate drainage is provided so
as to reduce exposure to flood hazards.
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THE PERMIT PROCESS
Floodplain Development Application Date
                        Location Tax
Map        _       Lot       __    Address
                                            
                            ___________ Owner  
           Address
                          Ph. No.
        Applicant             _______        Addr
ess              ______ Ph. No.
          Contractor               
Address                 _____ Ph. No.
 ____ General explanation of proposed
development              

            
                                                  
                                      _           
   

• Review and Evaluate Development Permit
  Applications
• Issue/Deny Permits
• Require Elevation Certificate Verifying 1st Floor
  Elevation
• Maintain Records of Floodplain Development
• Maintain Records of Variances Granted for
  Floodplain Development

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• Review and Evaluate Development Permit
  Applications

FIRST Determine the location of the subject
property relative to the floodplain - based on
information provided by the applicant. In other
words, LOOK AT THE MAPS, and ask the question
Is this property/structure in the floodplain?
X
FEMA offers an on-line tutorial on reading and
understanding flood maps and studies _at_
www.fema.gov/mit/tsd/ot_firm.htm.
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HOW TO READ THE FEMA MAPS
Key Elements of the Legend

• A-Zone Designations subject to 100-year base
  flood.
• V Zones Velocity zone, applies only to coastal
  areas
• Floodway the river channel and adjacent land
• X Zone (B Zone on older maps) subject to
  500-year flood
• X Zone is all other (the white area) C Zone on
  older maps
• BFE Line base flood elevation measured in feet
  above sea level
• Cross Section Line graphical depiction of
  stream and floodplain
• Reference Mark surveyed bench marks
• River Mile stations along the stream
• Refer to Flood Insurance
  Study

Key Elements of the Panel
Type of Map Community Name
Community Number Panel Number Map
Number Effective Date
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Example 1 With BFEs

• Check Map Index for Applicable Panel
• Determine location of the property

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• Use an engineers scale with the map scale to
  determine whether the building site is in the
  floodplain.
• If so, find the nearest BFE and, if applicable,
  the Cross Sectional data on the map.

x
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5. Use the Flood Insurance Table from the Study
to determine exact BFE for the closest cross
section(s).
x
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6. When available, use the Elevation Reference
Marks for specific BFEs.
RM 13
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Example 2 With no BFEs
Methods for Developing BFEs

• Detailed Methods
• QUICK-2
• Computer Models

Textbook resource on A-Zone issues and a tutorial
for learning Quick-2. A disk with the Quick-2
program is included with the publication.
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Simplified Method (Examples)

• If the stream forms a boundary between towns, the
  other town may have elevation data.
• Check with USACOE, USDA or USGS for any studies
  they may have or know of.
• If the stream is near a bridge or culvert, the
  town or DOT may have elevation data.
• If there is a dam on the stream, there may be
  elevation data related to it.
• If there is a subdivision near the site, the
  developer may have submitted base flood data as
  part of the subdivision approval.
• Use contour elevation extrapolated from a best
  fit analysis of the floodplain boundary when
  overlayed onto a USGS Quad or other topographic
  map.
• Use the elevation of the ground at the
  intersection of the floodplain boundary and a
  line perpendicular to the shoreline that passes
  along the ground through the site of the proposed
  building.
• Use historical records or the flood of record.
• Compare the shaded area of the FIRM with the
  contours on a USGS Quad map or any other
  topographical map that more accurately represents
  the existing land form of the area. Determine
  which contour best approximates the boundary of
  the shaded area and use that contour and the
  elevation as the regulatory flood elevation.
• If no flood elevation data are available from the
  sources noted above, it is recommended that the
  lowest floor be elevated at least 2 feet above
  the highest grade adjacent to the building site.

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This example can apply both to AO Zones, where
there also are no BFEs, but instead depth of
shallow flooding, and to Approximate A Zones.
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FLOODPLAIN DEVELOPMENT PERMIT APPLICATION1  
 
FLOODPLAIN DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION
Floodplain Development Permit Application1 Applica
nt _____________________________________________
________________________________________
Address _____________________________________
Telephone ______________________________________ P
roperty Location ______________________________T
ax Map ______________Map
_______________ Property Owner, if different from
applicant ______________________________________
_________________ Address ____________________
__________________Telephone _____________________
_______________ General Explanation of proposed
development ____________________________________
________________ _________________________________
__________________________________________________
____________
FLOODPLAIN DETERMINATION Map Name
________________________ Panel
________________ Effective Date
____________ Indicate in which flood zone the
lot is located by referring to the Flood
Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), the Floodway Boundary
and Floodway Map (FBFM), or the Flood Hazard
Boundary Map (FHBM) B, C, or X structure is
not located in a Special Flood Hazard Area A ___
AE or A1-30 ___ AO ____
AH ____ A99 ____ V Zone
____ V1-30 _____ Market value of existing
structure, if applicable __________________ Est
imated value of improvements or repairs
__________________ The following should
correspond with the Elevation Certificate
submitted with the application Elevation of
first fully-enclosed floor ________ feet. Base
Flood Elevation _________ feet. Is the proposed
development in a Floodway? Yes ___No ___ Note
Development in a floodway is prohibited. Require
applicant to relocate.
1 While most towns have a building permit
system in place, and would not necessarily use a
separate checklist or application form for
floodplain issues, bear in mind that the NFIP
regulations call for a permit for all development
in a floodplain. This form can serve as a useful
reminder of all applicable regulations. If a
separate form is not used, however, the building
permit application should at least ask the
question Is the property and/or structure
located in a floodplain or a floodway?

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DETERMINE WHAT ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MIGHT BE
REQUIRED, FOR EXAMPLE

• ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REQUIRED
• Elevation Certificate (residential) and/or
  Floodproofing Certificate (non-residential).
  ____
• Site Plan showing the location of all existing
  and proposed structures, 100-year floodplain
  boundary, and floodway boundary, if applicable.
  ____
• Development plans, drawn to scale, including
  where applicable details for anchoring
  structures, elevation of lowest floor (including
  basement), detail of floodproofing of utilities
  located below the first floor, and details of
  enclosures below the first floor. ____
• If the subdivision is greater than 50 lots or 5
  acres, the applicant must provide the Base Flood
  Elevation in the subdivision plans.
  ____
• Plans showing the extent of watercourse
  relocation and/or landform alteration.
  ____

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SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE/IMPROVEMENT

• The Basic Rule If the cost to repair or improve
  a structure exceeds 50 of the market value prior
  to the improvements, it must be brought up to
  current NFIP standards.

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Examples of Substantial Repairs Residential
Example 2 - Substantial Addition The entire
structure must be elevated.
Example 1 - Minor Addition Only the addition
must be elevated.
Example 3 -Vertical Addition Elevated only if
substantial.
Example 4 - Minor Addition to Post-FIRM (after
December 31, 1974)
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Examples of Substantial Repairs Non-Residential
Example 1 Only the addition must be either
elevated or floodproofed.
Example 2 The entire structure must be
elevated or floodproofed.
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Methods of Estimating Market Value, Improvement
Costs and/or Damage Value

• Independent appraisals by a professional
  appraiser not a Realtor
• Itemized cost estimates from licensed contractors
  or professional estimators
• Estimates from NFIP claims data
• Marshall and Swift (actual cash value)
• For a gross estimate use adjusted tax value

FEMA-213, May 1991
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ELEVATION CERTIFICATES

• Must be filed with an application to either
  construct or substantially improve a building in
  the special flood hazard area.
• The Elevation Certificate is used to
  demonstrate either that
• 1) a building will be constructed at or above
  the Base Flood Elevation or
• 2) an existing building shown in the SFHA is
  actually out of it because of the lowest floor
  elevation.
• The elevation data must be certified by a
  professional surveyor, engineer or architect.

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.
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FLOODPROOFING CERTIFICATES

• Must be filed for non-residential structures
  and/or utilities.
• Used to demonstrate compliance with FEMA-approved
  floodproofing techniques.
• Must be completed by a professional engineer or
  architect.

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NO-RISE CERTIFICATION
NO-RISE CERTIFICATION This is to certify that
I am a duly qualified registered professional
engineer licensed to practice in the State of New
Hampshire. It is further to certify that the
attached technical data supports the fact that
proposed (Name of Development) will not impact
the 100-year flood elevations, floodway
elevations, or floodway widths on (Name of
Stream) at published sections in the Flood
Insurance Study for (Name of Community) dated
_______________ and will not impact the 100-year
flood elevations, floodway elevations, or
floodway widths at unpublished cross-sections in
the vicinity of the proposed development. Attached
are the following documents that support my
findings _______________________________ ________
_______________________ Date____________________
Signature________________________ Title_______
_____________________ SEAL

• The No-Rise Certification is used to document
  that proposed development in the floodway does
  not affect flood elevations.
• Must be certified by a professional engineer.
• NOTE
• This is not a FEMA form, but one developed by a
  state agency to facilitate the review process.

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V-ZONE CERTIFICATION

• Used for construction in coastal areas.
• Is used for either residential or non-residential
  development.
• Used to demonstrate compliance with FEMA-approved
  design and construction techniques specific to V
  Zones.
• Must be completed by a professional engineer or
  architect.

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MAP REVISIONS

• FOUR WAYS TO CHANGE A FEMA MAP
• 1. A Restudy is a new Flood Insurance Study
  for some or all of the community.
• 2. A Limited Map Maintenance Project is a
  small-scale restudy, frequently used for studies
  in unnumbered A Zones.
• 3. An Amendment is used to remove a structure
  or an area from the SFHA that is higher than the
  flood elevation, or that is shown to be outside
  the SFHA.
• LOMA Letter of Map Amendment
• LOMR-F Letter of Map Revision based on Fill
• CLOMA CLOMR-F are conditional letters of
  change for proposed projects.
• 4. A Revision is an actual change to the
  boundaries of the floodplain based on changes on
  the ground (such as fill), bridges, culverts, or
  new data.
• NOTE Amendments and Revisions are the
  responsibility of the property owners.
  Restudies and LMMPs are the responsibility of
  the community and FEMA.

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CURRENT FEE SCHEDULE (as of September 1, 2002)

• Single Lot, Single Structure Map Change
  Fee
• Single lot, single structure LOMA
  Free
• Single lot, single structure CLOMA and
  CLOMR-F
  500
• Single lot, single structure LOMR-F 425
• Single lot, single structure LOMR-F based on
  as-built information (CLOMR-F previously
  issued by FEMA 325

• Multiple Lot, Multiple Structure Fee
• Multi-lot, multi-structure LOMA Free
• CLOMA 700
• CLOMR-F and LOMR-F 800
• LOMR-F based on as-built information (CLOMR-F
  previously issued by FEMA 700

• Map Changes Requiring Special Technical
  Review Fee
• CLOMR based on new hydrology, bridge, culvert,
  channel or combination thereof 4,000
• CLOMR based on levee, berm, or other structural
  measures 4,500
• LOMR/PMR based on bridge, culvert, channel or
  combination 4,200
• LOMR/PMR based on levee, berm, or other
  structural measures 6,000
• LOMR based on as-built information (CLOMR
  previously issued by FEMA) 3,800
• LOMR/PRM based solely on submission of more
  detailed data Free
• LOMR/CLOMR based on structural measure on
  alluvial fans 5,000 50
  per hour

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FLOOD INSURANCE

• Mandatory for loans from federally-supported
  lenders for new construction or substantial
  repairs/improvements in the SFHA.
• Applies to loans that are made, increased,
  renewed or extended.
• Covers only buildings and contents - limits on
  both.
• For towns that participate in the NFIP, insurance
  is federally-subsidized.
• In participating towns, anyone can purchase this
  insurance, whether in the SFHA or not.
• In towns that do not participate, insurance is
  available from private insurers (e.g. Lloyds of
  London), and is very costly.
• Community Rating System provides an opportunity
  for homeowners to receive reduced premiums.

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FLOOD INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR TYPICAL
RESIDENTIAL SITINGS IN THE SFHA
4. Structure located in SFHA, not elevated
Insurance always required. 5. Structure located
in SFHA (a) Elevated on fill - insurance
required, but buyer can request LOMA. (b)
Elevated by piers, posts, pilings - insurance
always required.
1. Property in the SFHA but structure is not
Insurance not required. 2. Structure in SFHA
but elevated on natural grade too small to be
shown on map Lender will require insurance,
but buyer can request a LOMA. Insurance may be
refunded. 3. Structure partially in the SFHA
Insurance required.
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EXAMPLES OF FLOOD INSURANCE PREMIUMS BASED ON
BFES
1.
4.
Pre-FIRM Rate 595
Variance allowed Rate 1,140
5.
2.
Elevated to BFE Rate 315
Substantially damaged
3.
6.
Repaired as Was Rate 3,090
Elevated to 2 above BFE Rate 216
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A Note About Disaster Assistance Why
have flood insurance? If there is a disaster,
the federal government will provide assistance.

• Federal Disaster Assistance is available only if
  the disaster is Presidentially declared. (Fewer
  than 50 of them are.)
• Certain types of Federal Disaster Assistance will
  soon be available only in those communities that
  have an approved Hazard Mitigation Plan.
• Some types of Disaster Assistance are only
  available to communities that participate in the
  NFIP.
• What is available is in the form of low-interest
  loans and grants to very low income residents.

Flood insurance pays even if there is no
Presidentially-declared Disaster.
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Cost of Sustaining a Flood Loss

• With Flood Insurance
• 50,000 Covered Loss
• -1,000 Ins. Deductible
• 49,000 Claim Payment
• - 400 Annual Premium
• 48,420 Net Benefit
• 400 Cost Per Year

Without Flood Insurance 50,000 Uncovered
Loss 50,000 SBA Disaster Loan _at_ 4 interest/20
yrs 311 Month Loan Payment X 12 months
3,732 400 Insurance Premium 4,132 Cost Per
Year
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NH INSURANCE STATISTICS (as of 2001)
Policies Total Policies in force
4,890 Occupancy Type Single-Family
3,325 2-4 Family 440 Other Residential
598 Non-residential 522 Policies in
A Zones 3,177 Policies in V Zones
39 Policies in B, C, and X Zones 1,656 Special
Policies Preferred Risk 724 Residential
Condo 562
Loss Statistics Total Paid Losses
23 Total Claims Payments 189,463 Average Claim
Payment 8,238 Occupancy Type Single
Family 18 2-4 Family
3 Non-residential 2 Claims in A
Zones 17 Claims in V Zones
1 Claims in B, C, and X Zones 5
Factoid Only 17 of all 19,605 structures in
the SFHA carry flood insurance.
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COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM

• Implemented in 1990 to encourage floodplain
  management activities that exceed the minimum
  standards.
• Flood insurance rates for properties in the SFHA
  are adjusted to reflect the reduced flood risk
  resulting from implementation of the CRS
  activities.
• Points are earned for various activities, putting
  a community into a Class based on points earned.

Credit Points Class Insurance Reduction 2,000
- 2,499 6 20 1,500 - 1,999 7 15 1,000 -
1,499 8 10 500 - 999 9 5 0 - 499 10 0
Credit Points Class Insurance Reduction 4,500
1 45 4,000 - 4,499 2 40 3,500
- 3,999 3 35 3,000 - 3,499 4
30 2,500 - 2,999 5 25
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CRS Eligible Activities

• Public Information (300)
• Credits for programs that advise people about
  flood hazards, flood insurance, and ways to
  reduce flood damage.
• Mapping and Regulations (400)
• Credits for programs that provide increased
  protection to new development, including mapping
  areas not shown on the FIRM.
• Flood Damage Reduction (500)
• Credits for comprehensive floodplain management
  plans, relocating or retrofitting floodprone
  structures, and maintaining drainage systems.
• Flood Preparedness (600)
• Credits for flood warning, levee safety, and dam
  safety programs.

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THE COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE VISIT
Im here to see your SFHA Permit files,
Elevation Certificates, and copies of any
variances.
FEMA
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THE COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE VISIT (CAV)

• A scheduled visit to a participating community
  for the purpose of
• (1) reviewing with the local officials their
  floodplain management program
• (2) assessing the communitys knowledge and
  understanding of the NFIP and
• (3) to offer assistance in implementing flood
  loss measures or other aspects of administering
  the Program.
• Conducted by staff from the Office of State
  Planning, the Bureau of Emergency Management, the
  Regional Planning Commissions, and/or FEMA staff.
  
• Every community should be visited on a five-year
  rotating basis.
• At the visit, the staff person will tour the
  floodplain, review any building permits granted
  for development in the floodplain - including
  elevation certificates, and any variances that
  may have been granted for development in the
  floodplain.

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REFERENCES/RESOURCES

• Federal Emergency Management Agency
  www.fema.gov
• Fact Sheets
• Technical Bulletins
• On-Line Flood Maps and Flood Insurance Studies
• Tutorial How to Read a FEMA Map
• Tutorial The New Elevation Certificate
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Forms
• NH Bureau of Emergency Management
  www.nhoem.state.nh.us
• Sample resolutions, ordinances, permits
• Digital FIRMs
• Links to relevant sites
• Association of State Floodplain Managers
  www.floods.org
• Independent training for Building Inspectors
  Managing Floodplain Development through the
• National Flood Insurance Program
• New England Floodplain and Stormwater Managers
  Association
  www.nefsma.org

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Remember this key question

• Is the property/structure under discussion in
  the floodplain?

82
Questions???