Session 8 Bridge Geotechnical Reports

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Session 8 BridgeGeotechnical Reports
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• OGE
• ORGANIZATIONAL BACKGROUND

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PDP Major ProjectStep 7Type Study
Foundation Recommendations
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Preferred Verification Study

• Design Topics
• Survey
• Geometrics
• Geotech
• Pavements (DESIGN)
• Drainage
• Structure Type Study
• Maintenance of Traffic
• (Cont.)

• Geotech
• Complete Subsurface Investigation
• Including recommendations
• Pavements
• Request pavement design
• Subsurface drainage requirements

Step 7 major
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Preferred Verification Study

• Design Topics
• Survey
• Geometrics
• Geotech
• Pavements
• Drainage
• Structure Type Study
• Maintenance of Traffic
• (Cont.)

• Structure Type Study
• Hydraulic study and scour
• Structure Types
• Clearances
• Maintenance of Traffic
• Permitted Lane Closures Exceptions Committee

Step 7
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Preferred Verification Study

• Design Topics (cont.)
• Traffic Control
• Other
• Right of Way
• Environmental
• Sheets
• Cost Estimates
• Reviews

• Traffic Control
• Signal Warrants
• Other
• Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis
• Retaining Wall Justification (two parts)
• Pedestrian Overpass Justification
• Noise Wall Justification

Step 7
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• BDM 201.2
• STRUCTURE TYPE STUDY SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
• A. Profile for each bridge alternative Section
  201.2.1
• Preliminary Structure Site Plan Section 201.2.2
• (preferred bridge alternative)
• C. Hydraulic Report Section 201.2.3
• D. Narrative of Bridge Alternatives Section
  201.2.4
• E. Cost Analysis Section 201.2.5
• F. Foundation Recommendation Section
  201.2.6
• G. Preliminary Maintenance of Traffic
  Plan Section 201.2.7

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• 201.2.6 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION
• The Structure Type Study shall include a
  Foundation Recommendation
• that consists of
• A. General foundation type (i.e. Drilled
  Shafts, Friction Piles, Bearing Piles or Spread
  Footings)
• Embankments ,MSE
• B. Typed boring logs
• C. Laboratory test results as follows
• 1. Soil Water content, particle size
  analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit
• 2. Rock RQD
• For the scour evaluation, Section 203.3(D),
  provide D50 values from the
• particle size analysis.
• When unique subsurface conditions arise, include
  a brief narrative in the
• Foundation Recommendation for justification to
  obtain extra soils borings.

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• 201.2.6 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION
• The Structure Type Study shall include a
  Foundation Recommendation that consists of
• A. General foundation type (i.e. Drilled
  Shafts, Friction Piles, Bearing Piles or Spread
  Footings)
• B. Typed boring logs
• C. Laboratory test results as follows
• 1. Soil Water content, particle size
  analysis, liquid limit, plastic limit
• 2. Rock RQD

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Rock Quality DesignationRQDHow related to
Scour50
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• 202.2.2 FINAL MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC PLAN
• In addition to the Preliminary Maintenance of
  Traffic Plan requirements of Section 201.2.7, the
  Final Maintenance of Traffic Plan should include
  the following information
• A. Plan views and preliminary working drawings
  to ensure constructability
• B. Temporary barrier anchorage details and
  requirements
• Location and type of temporary shoring
• (See Section 208)
• D. Location of structural members that require
  strengthening
• E. Temporary structure design information (See
  Section 500)
• Additional notes and/or details necessary

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BDM 208 TEMPORARY SHORING Whenever shoring
is required to support a roadway where traffic is
being maintained and the height of the retained
earth will be over eight foot , the Design Agency
shall be required to provide a temporary shoring
design with details provided in the plans and
feasibility studied during the Structure Type
Study. For projects involving Railroads, the
requirements will be different as each railroad
company has their own specific requirements. The
Design Agency is responsible for contacting the
responsible railroad and obtaining the specific
requirements for design and construction.
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EXAMPLE DELIVERABLE

• FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION

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PLANNING BY PROJECT MANAGER

• GETTING BORINGS HAS TO BE AN EARLY ACTIVITY IN
  STEP 7

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GOPHER
COLLECT DATA
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EXISTING INFORMATION

• WHO TO CONTACT
• GET BORINGS FROM OTHER PROJECTS
• GET PILE DRIVING RECORDS
• ODNR

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WHAT DO WE DO WITH THE EXISTING GEOTECHNICAL
INFORMATION?
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HOW MANY BORINGS

• TAKE AN APPROPRIATE NUMBER SO THAT THE DESIGNER
  HAS REASONABLE CONFIDENCE IN THE OVERALL
  GEOTECNICAL DESIGN
• WHAT ARE THE TYPICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR A BRIDGE

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GEOTECHNICAL RECIPE
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GUIDELINES
REQUIREMENTS
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Depth of Borings and Number of Borings Be
rational when doing this

• 2.2.3.1 Bridges
• Borings for bridges in soil shall penetrate
  through soft or loose strata and 30 feet into
  hard or dense soils requiring not less than 30
  blows per foot
• Borings in soil shall be carried to a depth of
  not less than 30 feet below the proposed bearing
  elevation of the footing.
• Where bedrock occurs above the proposed footing
  elevation, sound bedrock shall be cored to a
  depth of 5 feet below the proposed footing
  elevation.
• Where bedrock is encountered 20 feet or less
  below the foundation bearing elevation, sound
  bedrock shall be cored to a depth of 10 feet.
• Where bedrock is in excess of 20 feet below the
  footing elevation, sound bedrock shall be cored
  to a depth of 5 feet.

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SPECIFICATIONS FOR SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
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The Rod Machine
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FOR MAJOR PROJECTS PROJECT MANAGERSSHOULD
CONSIDER REQUIRING A PROPOSED GEOTECHNICAL
TESTING AND BORING PLAN
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Cost of Geotechnical Work 10Cost of a
boringsStructure5000Roadway 500
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Depending on the schedule you may want to
begin working on the type study with field hand
scribbled logs
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• BDM 201.2.6
• FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION
• For the scour evaluation, Section 203.3(D),
  provide D50 values from the particle size
  analysis.
• When unique subsurface conditions arise, include
  a brief narrative in the Foundation
  Recommendation for justification to obtain extra
  soils borings ( WALL JUSTIFICATION STUDY).

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Bedrock Contours
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MSE WALLSTYPE STUDYEVALUATION REPORT

• BEARING PRESSURE
• SETTLEMENT
• GLOBAL STABILITY
• INTERNAL STABILITY / STRAP LENGTHS

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• 204.4 ABUTMENTS SUPPORTED ON MSE WALLS
• When conditions are appropriate, the designer may
  consider stub type abutments with piling or
  spread footings supported on MSE walls. The
  Foundation Report for this type of abutment shall
  include allowable bearing pressures, settlement
  and bearing capacity calculations and all
  construction constraints that may be required
  such as soil improvement methods. Consult the
  Office of Structural Engineering for additional
  design recommendations.

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PILES OR NO PILES
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RAILROAD OVERPASS
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CODOT, Pueblo County
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GEOTECHNICAL WORK

• Communication and coordination between the
  Geotechnical Engineer and the Design Engineer
• Meetings
• Information exchange-Progress Reports

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The Geotechnical ProcessEarly Activity in Step 7

• Research
• Plan
• Drill, field work
• Record
• Test
• Coordinate with Designer
• Report containing the geotechnical conditions and
  design recommendations

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Step 8 - Stage 1 Detailed Design LD 1403.7

• Design Topics
• Survey
• Geometric
• Drainage
• Right of Way
• Traffic Control
• Environmental
• Structures

• Preliminary Structure Design Report (Previously
  TSL)

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PDP Major ProjectStep 8Preliminary Design
ReportStage 1 Foundation Report
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• 202.2 BRIDGE PRELIMINARY DESIGN
• REPORT SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
• Final Structure Site Plan Section 202.2.1
• Final Maintenance of Traffic Plan Section 202.2.2
• Foundation Report Section 202.2.3
• D. Supplemental Site Plan for Railway
  Crossings Section 202.2.4

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• 202.2.3 FOUNDATION REPORT
• The Bridge Preliminary Design Report shall
  include a Foundation Report in
• accordance with the ODOT Specifications for
  Subsurface Investigations.
• The Foundation Report shall include
• A. Investigational Findings
• B. Analyses and Recommendations
• C. Boring Logs and Undisturbed Test Data
• Where the scour evaluation has been identified a
  potential problem, the
• probable scour depths, calculated in accordance
  with Section 203.3(D),
• should be considered in the design of the
  substructures the location of the
• bottom of footings the minimum tip elevations
  for piles and drilled shafts
• and the frictional capacity of piles and drilled
  shafts.
• Specific design considerations for each
  foundation type are presented in

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• 5.2 STRUCTURE FOUNDATION
• INVESTIGATION
• The report of the subsurface investigation for
  bridges, culverts, retaining walls, or other
  structures shall be presented as
• plan drawings in the form of a
• Structure Foundation Investigation.

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• 5.2.1 Form of Presentation
• 5.2.2 Front Sheet
• 5.2.2.1 Legend
• 5.2.2.2 Supplemental Information
• 5.2.3 Plan and Profile
• 5.2.3.1 Plan View
• 5.2.3.2 Profile View
• 5.2.4 Typed Boring Logs
• 5.2.4.1 Heading
• 5.2.4.2 Boring Information
• 5.2.5 Presentation of Undisturbed Test Results

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5.3 REPORT OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• A report of the investigation's findings along
  with analyses and recommendations shall be
  presented in a written text or letter format. The
  report shall be included in the appropriate
  preliminary design submissions as stated in the
  Location and Design Manual and the Bridge Design
  Manual.

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5.3.2.2 Structures
Foundation or pile type, treatment of the
foundation, allowable bearing of spread footings,
design of piles and their estimated length,
footing elevations, construction sequence,
instrumentation, field controls and any other
design factors affecting the project shall be
noted. Non-specific recommendations are not
acceptable.
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5.3.2.2 Structures Recommendations related to
the design and construction of structures shall
include foundation recommendations and any
remedial measures necessary to complete the
project. All available subsurface information,
new and/or previously performed, shall be
considered in making recommendations.
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• 5.3.2.2 Structures
• A statement of the parameters used in the
  analysis of the foundation design, such as those
  related to bearing capacity and settlement, shall
  be presented.
• The method of analysis and diagram of the
  section analyzed shall be shown.
• Each pier and each abutment shall be
  individually considered.
• Consideration shall be given to the effect of
  approach embankment loadings on the piers and
  abutments.

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THE END