Domes

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Domes
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Pantheon, Rome125 BCE
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Figure 10-49 Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118 125 CE.

• Pantheon built by Hadrian , emperor who was a
  lover of art and Greece.
• Temple of all Gods.
• Facade was traditional,
• interior was revolutionary.

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Figure 10-50 Restored cutaway view and lateral
section of the Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118125 CE.

• Design is the intersection of two circles.

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Figure 10-51 Interior of the
Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118125 CE

• Coffers-sunken decorative panels helped support
  dome.
• Oculus-circular opening on the dome which
  symbolized the heavens.

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Domes in the Islamic world

• ART BEYOND THE WESTERN TRADITION

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Dome of Rock , Jerusalem, 692

• Built on site sacred to Christians, Jews and
  Muslins because..
• 1. Site of Temple of Solomon
• (later destroyed by Titus).
• 2. Adam buried here.
• 3. Abraham prepared to sacrifice Isaac.
• 4. Muhammad journeyed to heaven from this spot
  and returned to Mecca.

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Interior of Dome of Rock

• Wooden dome
• Design borrows from Roman and Byzantine
  structures.
• Interior and exterior ornamentation is similar.
  Design suggests paradise.

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Mausoleum of the Samanids, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
10th c.

• Muhammad opposed elaborate burials but.
• Caliphs (Islamic rulers ) buried here.
• Aesthetic features include blind arcade, engaged
  columns, dome on cube and structure made of baked
  bricks.

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Mosque of Selim II Edirne, Turkey 16th c.

• Sinan the great brilliant Ottoman architect
• Minarets- An Islamic architectural feature-a
  tower that calls the faithful to worship.

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Interior of Mosque of Selim II
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Great Mosque, Isfahan, Iran 11th to 17th c.

• 4 vaulted iwans with largest (and domed one)
  indicating proper direction to pray.

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Figure 2-27 Palace of Shapur I, Ctesiphon, Iraq,
ca. 250 CE.

• Iwan from Ch. 2 Ancient Near East Art

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Domes in India
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Taj MahalAgra, India 1632-1647

• Height width
• Dome heightfacade height
• Taj - the crown-like dome.

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• Throne of God perched above the gardens of
  paradise.
• Built by Shah Jahan for his wife, Mumtaz.

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Qutb MinarDelhi, India 1311

• 238 foot minaret is the tallest in the world.
• First mosque in Northern India.

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Contemporary dome
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SuperdomeNew Orleans, La

• Designed in 1967 and completed in 1975.
• Still the largest fixed dome structure in the
  world.
• Built on Girod Street cemetery.

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Superdome during Hurricane Katrina

• Shelter of last resort housed over 30,000
  people during the storm.