Using the NASA Thesaurus to Support the Indexing of Streaming Media

1
Using the NASA Thesaurus to Support the Indexing
of Streaming Media

• Gail Hodge
• Information International Associates, Inc.
• Janet Ormes Patrick Healey
• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Library

2
Historic Context

• The Library has collected and circulated the
  Centers colloquia on audio or video since 1967
• A catalog of these holdings have been posted on
  the Librarys web site since 2001
• Patrons required to come to the Library,
  resulting in limited accessibility of recorded
  colloquia
• Streaming Media Center Project began in 2001 as
  part of the Librarys response to Knowledge
  Management initiatives

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Introducing the GSFC Media Center
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Streaming Media

• Streaming media
• Video that is encoded for delivery across the
  internet/intranet
• Encoding
• Computer processing of video to a format for web
  casting
• Web casting
• The act of delivering audio and video content
  across the internet/intranet
• Can be delivered live or on-demand

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The Goddard Library Streaming Media Center

• The Streaming Media Center is now available from
  the Library website (http//library.gsfc.nasa.gov)
  
• Can be included in personalized portals
• Library has collected gt350 hours of video
• gt100 hours indexed
• Currently broadcasting 2 hours daily for the
  Earth Observing Systems Knowledge Management Pilot

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Access Issues

• Current Needs
• Need to know the overall topic of the video
• More likely to remember the topic, presenter,
  date or series
• Permanent Access
• Less likely that users will remember the videos
  metadata
• More likely that users will want specific
  information
• Terminology may change over time

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Indexing Video Content

• Video indexing is similar to a back-of-the book
  index for specific information
• Entering a keyword leads you to the specific
  location of the subject

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Features of Selected Software

• Compares recognized speech with stored default
  terminology
• Uses speaker inflection to identify meaningful
  intervals
• Indexing and Search components included

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Incorporation of NASA Thesaurus

• Added specific scientific terminology
• Incorporated terms and their NTs, RTs and UF/USE
  relationships
• Used text of Astrophysics Data System to provide
  terms in grammatical structures
• Provides query expansion and improves relevancy

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Query Expansion

• Saturn Moons
• Ios
• Triton
• Or
• Scatha Satellite
• P78-2 Satellite

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Query Expansion (Illustrated)
Sample Search (aurora) on same one hour lecture
entitled Jupiters Aurora. One file was
indexed using the NASA thesaurus, the other was
indexed using a more basic scientific word list.
Benefits
GREATER overall relevance understanding
MORE relevant content found (2M VS 20 Secs)
Ignores IRRELEVANT content (Speech Recognition
Error)
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Relevance Interval Creation

• Relevance Interval Creation links related
  concepts within media files, which drives
  Relevance Intervals
• External knowledge from the thesaurus improves
  the accuracy of the Creation process because the
  explicit knowledge in text is incomplete

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Relevance Interval (Illustrated)
Sample Search (aurora) on same one hour lecture
entitled Jupiters Aurora. One file was
indexed using the NASA thesaurus, the other was
indexed using a more basic scientific word list.
Benefits
GREATER overall relevance understanding
MORE relevant content found (2M VS 20 Secs)
Ignores IRRELEVANT content (Speech Recognition
Error)
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Benefits

• Identify relevant pieces of content within a
  longer video
• Stream more relevant, specific information
  intervals to users
• Minimize manual processing
• Ultimately improve reuse of information and
  increase opportunities for knowledge sharing