Regional GIS for Public Safety and Emergency Management

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Regional GIS for Public Safety and Emergency
Management
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What is GIS
An arrangement of computer hardware, software,
and geographic data that people interact with to
integrate, analyze, and visualize the data
identify relationships, patterns, and trends and
offers solutions to problems
An arrangement of computer hardware, software,
and geographic data that people interact with to
integrate, analyze, and visualize the data
identify relationships, patterns, and trends and
offers solutions to problems
An arrangement of computer hardware, software,
and geographic data that people interact with to
integrate, analyze, and visualize the data
identify relationships, patterns, and trends and
offers solutions to problems
An arrangement of computer hardware, software,
and geographic data that people interact with to
integrate, analyze, and visualize the data
identify relationships, patterns, and trends and
offers solutions to problems
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What is GIS

• Display and analyze spatial data that are tied to
  a relational database.
• This connection gives GIS its power, maps can be
  drawn from the database and data can be
  referenced from the maps.
• When a database is updated, the associated map is
  dynamically updated.
• GIS uses layers, to overlay different types of
  information
• Each layer represents a category of information,
  such as roads or land use

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Geospatial Data

• Point
• Schools
• Hospitals
• Activity Centers

• Line
• Streams
• Transportation
• Utilities

• Polygon (Area)
• Parcels
• Land Use
• Lakes

• Raster
• Imagery
• Digital Elevation Model

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Center for Homeland Security

• Interoperable GIS
• Interoperable Communications
• Technology Clearinghouse

SDSU Research Foundation And SDSU Center for
Homeland Security Technology Assessment
Regional Technology Center
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Governance Structure
Policy Committees
SANDAG Public Safety Committee
Unified Disaster Council
Policy Funding
Regional Technology Partnership
Working Groups
Advisory Oversight
SDSU Research Foundation And SDSU Center for
Homeland Security Technology Assessment
Coordination Research Standardization Strategic
Planning Clearinghouse
Regional Technology Center
Subject Matter Experts
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Center for Homeland SecurityTechnology Assessment

• Established by the SDSU
• Academic Deans Council
• Provides access to the
• educational community
• Charter member of the
• Southwest Border Security
• Consortium Nine universities, from
  California (1), Arizona (2), New Mexico (3) and
  Texas (3)
• SDSU and Arizona State University Viz Labs linked
  sharing information

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Office of Emergency Services
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2007 Fires
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2007 Fires
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2003 Fires
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2007 Fires
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CalFire
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MODIS Data

• Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
• Terra Aqua
• 36 Spectral Bands
• 1KM Resolution

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Post Fire Uses

• Fire Progression Maps
• Public Land Ownership
• Damage Assessment
• Structures
• Agriculture
• Habitat
• Burned Area Emergency Recovery
• Soil Erosion
• Increased Runoff
• Flooding
• Fuels and Fire Risk

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Regional GIS for Public Safety and Emergency
Management
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Geospatial Database

• Critical Infrastructure
• Situational Awareness
• Common Operating Picture
• Information Integrator

Geospatial technology allows for multiple sets of
information to be analyzed, modeled, and
correlated in order to find patterns that can
lead to improved strategies for prevention,
response, and mitigation.
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GIS and Emergency Management

• Assess and prepare for risks
• Position and manage assets
• Warn people
• Deploy personnel
• Track and assess damage
• Target rescue efforts
• Track restoration activities

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Department of Homeland Security

• Having access to the necessary geospatial data in
  the appropriate format that can be shared across
  jurisdictions
• Maintaining proper access to geospatial tools and
  applications to decision makers and operational
  staff in the field
• Maintaining infrastructure and policies that
  foster cross jurisdictional coordination and
  collaboration
• Providing the organizational support necessary to
  champion and sustain geospatial capabilities in
  the domain of HLS incident management.
• Definition of Geospatial Preparedness

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GIS InteroperabilityConsiderations

• Share information inside and outside the region
• Data framework
• Critical infrastructure
• Applications
• Data maintenance
• Who else has done this

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Sharing of Information

• Inside the region
• Local jurisdictions, agencies, utilities
• SanGIS or similar
• Outside the region
• State
• OHS, OES, CAL Fire, CA-SDI
• Federal
• DHS, FEMA, USGS, USFS, Military

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Data Framework

• Concept
• Shared responsibilities
• Shared costs
• Shared benefits
• Shared control
• Frameworks are designed to share the costs of
  creation and maintenance of geospatial data,
  seeking to avoid unnecessary duplication, and to
  make it possible for data collected by one agency
  at a high level of spatial detail to be used by
  another agency in more generalized form.

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Data Framework
NSDI
SDSFIE
DHS
CA-SDI

• Federal support
• Limited set of themes
• CAP Grants available

• Military centric
• Numerous themes
• Regional experts

• HSWG
• NGIA support
• Draft format
• Critical infrastructure
• Includes symbology

• CA GIS Council
• Under development
• Limited set of themes

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Critical Infrastructure
The private sector controls 85-90 of all
critical infrastructure
Every critical infrastructure sector complements
and depends on the others
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Applications
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Data Maintenance

• Local jurisdictions, agencies, utilities
• Minimal standards
• Share cost
• SanGIS
• Daily use by law enforcement, public safety,
  emergency services
• Familiarity
• Currency
• Ownership
• Confidence

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Others?
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San Diego Regional Emergency Geospatial
Information Network
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San Diego Regional Emergency Geospatial
Information Network

• SDREGIN would
• Provide GIS interoperability
• Fulfill state and federal homeland security
  reporting requirements
• Enhance incident information communication
• Support the regional fire geodatabase
• Support geospatial applications focused on
  emergency services and response
• Provide regional geospatial data to ARJIS and law
  enforcement agencies
• Ease demand on local GIS departments
• Reduce redundant efforts across the region

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Steps
Inventory of critical infrastructure data layers
along with extent of area covered 2007
Conduct a needs analysis of emergency GIS
requirements for public safety from law
enforcement, fire, EMT, dispatches, EOC, transit,
and utilities 2007
Establish regional data standard and build or
complete critical infrastructure data layers for
the region 2007 - 2010
Geospatial information network design,
implemen-tation, security, and maintenance
plan 2007 - 2008
Phased implementation of the regional emergency
geospatial information network 2008 - 2010
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Risks and Hurdles

• Funding
• Institutional and process barriers
• Lack of data inventory or awareness
• Lack of incentives to share
• Data incompatibility and aggregation concerns
• No process for information sharing

• Data utility
• Licensing restrictions
• Liability and security risks
• Data security classification
• Regional Champion
• Legal barriers
• Freedom of Information Act

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Thank You

• Paul Hardwick
• phardwick_at_foundation.sdsu.edu
• 619-594-8992