Germany History

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Germany- History

• Ricardo Rene Laremont

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First Reich

• 800-843- Charlemagne- Holy Roman Empire
• 936-973- Otto the Great (First Reich?)
• 18th century- Germany- agricultural and disunited
• 1806- Napoleon invades Germany
• Von Herder, Schiller
• 1871- Franco- Prussian War

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Second Reich (1871-1918)

• Period of accelerated industrialization
• Industrialization without democratization
• Harsh terms imposed at Versailles at end of World
  War I
• Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
• Germany stripped of colonies in Africa and Asia
• Forced to pay billions in reparations

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Weimar Republic (1919-1933)

• Weimar Constitution
• President- popularly elected
• PM- popularly elected
• Legislature
• Bundesrat (elected by Lander)
• Reichstag (popularly elected)
• PR- 2 threshhold
• Weak system- everyone checks everyone else

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Weimar continued

• 1929- Economic Depression
• 1920- attempted military coup
• 1923- attempted coup by Communists in Saxony
• 1923- attempted coup by Nazis
• 1932- Nazis and Communists are two largest
  parties (ideological polarization)
• 1932- President von Hindenburg invokes power to
  rule by decree

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Third Reich (1933-1945)

• 1919- Nazi party formed
• Hitler example of charismatic leadership
  (Weber)
• Nazism
• Autocracy, Militarism, Racism
• Social Darwinism- Survival of the Fittest
• Elimination of the handicapped
• Elimination of the Jews and Gypsies

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Two Germanies (1945-1989)

• 1945- World War II ends
• Germany split into American, French, British, and
  Soviet sectors
• East Germany- German Democratic Republic
• West Germany- Federal Republic of Germany
• Basic Law

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1989- Present

• 1989- Berlin Wall falls
• October 3, 1990- Germany reunited
• Germany- economic motor of Europe Key figure in
  European Union
• Issues
• Costs of reunification of East and West Germany
• Possibility of remilitarization of Germany
• Rise of Neo-Nazi parties
• Treatment of Turks