Warm Up

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Warm Up 2!!!
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Americans Settlers Move West
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1. By the early 1800s, thousands of Americans
settled in the area between the __________ and
the Mississippi River. As the regions population
grew,Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio were admitted
to the Union.

• Appalachians

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2. Settlers in these states depended upon the
Mississippi and __________ rivers tomove their
products to eastern markets.

• Ohio

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3. __________, located at the mouth of the
Mississippi, was a very important port.Its busy
docks were filled with settlers farm products
and valuable furs boughtfrom American Indians.

• New Orleans

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4. Many of these cargoes were then sent to
Europe. At the same time,__________________
passed through the port on their way upriver. As
American dependence on the river grew, Jefferson
began to worry that a foreign power might shut
down access to New Orleans.

• manufactured goods

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5. Spain controlled both New Orleans and
Louisiana. This region stretched west fromthe
mighty Mississippi River to the great
_____________.

• Rocky Mountains

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6. Although Spain owned __________, Spanish
officials found it impossible to keepAmericans
out of the territory. You cant put doors on
open country, the foreign minister said in
despair.

• Louisiana

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7. Years of effort failed to improve Spains
position. Under a secret treaty, Spain agreed to
trade Louisiana to __________, passing the
problem on to someone else.One Spanish officer
expressed his relief. I can hardly wait to leave
them theAmericans behind me, he said.

• France

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Louisiana
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8. In 1802, just before handing over Louisiana to
France, Spain closed New Orleansto American
shipping. Angry farmers worried about what this
would do to theeconomy. President Jefferson
asked the U.S. ambassador to France,
___________________,to try to buy New Orleans.
Jefferson sent James Monroe to help Livingston.

• Robert R. Livingston

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Robert R. Livingston
James Monroe
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Napoléon and Louisiana
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9. France was led by __________, a powerful ruler
who had conquered most of Europe. He wished to
rebuild France's empire in North America.

• Napoléon

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10. Napoléons strategy was to use the French
colony of __________, in theCaribbean, as a
supply base. From there he could send troops to
Louisiana.However, enslaved Africans had
revolted and freed themselves from French rule.

• Haiti

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11. Napoléon sent troops to try to regain control
of the island, but they were defeatedin 1802.
This defeat ended his hopes of rebuilding a North
American__________.

• empire

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Jefferson Buys Louisiana
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12. The American ambassador got a surprising
offer during his negotiations with French foreign
minister _______________. When the Americans
tried to buy NewOrleans, Talleyrand offered to
sell all of Louisiana.

• Charles Talleyrand

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13. With his hopes for a North American empire
dashed, Napoléon had turned hisattention back to
Europe. France was at war with __________, and
Napoléonneeded money for military supplies. He
also hoped that a larger United Stateswould
challenge British power.

• Great Britain

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14. Livingston and Monroe knew a bargain when
they saw one. They quicklyaccepted the French
offer to sell Louisiana for __________.

• 15 million

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15. The news pleased Jefferson. But as a
_________________, he was troubled. The
Constitution did not mention the purchase of
foreign lands. He also did not like spending
large amounts of public money. Nevertheless,
Jefferson agreed to the purchase in the belief
that doing so was best for the country.

• strict constructionist

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16. On October 20, 1803, the Senate approved the
_________________ agreement, which roughly
doubled the size of the United States. With the
15 million in the French treasury, Napoléon
boasted, I have given England a rival who,
sooner or later, will humble her pride.

• Louisiana Purchase

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Explorers Head West
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17. Americans knew little about western Native
Americans or the land they lived on. President
Jefferson wanted to learn more about the people
and land of the West. He also wanted to see if
there was a __________that could be taken to the
Pacific Ocean.

• river route

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Lewis and Clark Expedition
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18. In 1803 the president asked Congress to fund
an expedition to explore the West.To lead it, he
chose former army captain _________________.
Lewis then chose his friend Lieutenant William
Clark to be the co-leader of the expedition.

• Meriwether Lewis

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19. To prepare for the journey, Lewis spent weeks
studying with experts about plants, surveying,
and other subjects. This knowledge would allow
him to take careful notes on what he saw. With
Clark, Lewis carefully selected about 50 skilled
frontiersmen to join the ________________, as
they called their group.

• Corps of Discovery

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20. In May 1804 the Lewis and Clark expedition
began its long journey toexplore the
_______________. The Corps of Discovery traveled
up the Missouri River to the village of St.
Charles. Once past this village the men would
receive no more letters, fresh supplies, or
reinforcements.

• Louisiana Purchase

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21. Lewis and Clark used the __________as their
highway through the unknown lands. As they moved
upstream, a look-out on the boats kept a sharp
eye out forsandbars and for tree stumps hidden
underwater.

• Missouri River

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22. When darkness fell, the weary explorers would
pull their boats ashore. They cooked, wrote in
their __________, and slept. Swarms of gnats,
flies, and mosquitoes often interrupted their
sleep.

• journals

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23. Insects were not the only cause of
sleeplessness for the Corps of Discovery. As
weeks passed without seeing any ______________,
the explorers wondered what theirfirst encounter
would be like.

• Native Americans

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Contact with Native Americans
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24. During the summer of 1804 the Corps of
Discovery had pushed more than 600 miles upriver
without seeing any Native Americans. But when the
men spottedhuge __________ herds in the
distance, they guessed that Indian groups would
be nearby. Many Indian groups depended on the
buffalo for food, clothing, and tools.

• buffalo

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25. Lewis used __________ to talk to the leaders
of each of the peoples they met. He told them
that the United States now owned the land on
which the NativeAmericans lived.

• interpreters

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26. Yet the explorers relied on the goodwill of
the people they met. _____________, a Shoshone
from the Rocky Mountains, accompanied the group
with her husband, a French fur trader who lived
with the Mandan Indians and served as a guide
andinterpreter.

• Sacagawea

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27. Sacagawea helped the expedition by naming
__________ and by gathering edible fruits and
vegetables for the group. At one point, the group
met with Sacagaweas brother, who provided horses
and a guide to lead the expedition across the
mountains.

• plants

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28. After crossing the Rocky Mountains, Lewis and
Clark followed the ______________.Along the way
they met the powerful Nez Percé.

• Columbia River

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29. Like the Shoshone, the ____________ provided
the expedition with food. At last, inNovember
1805, Lewis and Clark reached the Pacific Ocean.

• Nez Percé

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30. The explorers stayed in the
____________during the rough winter. In March
1806 Lewis and Clark set out on the long trip
home.

• Pacific Northwest

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31. Lewis and Clark had not found a
______________across the West to the Pacific
Ocean.But they had learned much about western
lands and paths across the Rockies. The explorers
also established contact with many Native
American groups and collected much valuable
information about western plants and animals.

• river route

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Pikes Exploration
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32. In 1806 a young army officer named __________
was sent on another mission tothe West. He was
ordered to find the starting point of the Red
River.

• Zebulon Pike

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33. This was important because the United States
considered the Red River to be apart of the
Louisiana Territorys western border with
__________.

• New Spain

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34. Heading into the Rocky Mountains, in
present-day Colorado, Pike tried to reachthe
summit of the mountain now known as __________.
In 1807 he traveled intoSpanish-held lands until
Spanish cavalry arrested him. They suspected Pike
ofbeing a spy.

• Pikes Peak

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Pikes Peak
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35. When he was finally released, he returned to
the United States and reported on his trip.
Despite his imprisonment, he praised the
opportunities for doing __________with the
Spanish in the Southwest. Pikes report offered
many Americans theirfirst description of the
Southwest.

• business

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1. a. Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio b. Settlers
used the river and the port at New Orleans to
transport products to and from markets. 2. a.
needed money for a war against Britain hoped
that a larger United States would challenge
Britains power in North America b. It roughly
doubled the size of the nation for 3 cents an
acre (15 million) c. possible answersaddition
of new states conflict with Native Americans
westward settlement U.S. population growth 3. a.
present-day western United States b. Lewis
former army captain Clark served with Lewis in
the military
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almost doubled the size of the United States
area purchased from France by the United States
wife of a French fur trader lived with the
Mandans was a Shoshone from the Rocky Mountains
helped the expedition as a guide and interpreter
the Corps of Discovery explored the western
lands for the United States
young army officer sent on a mission to the
West ordered to find the starting point of the
Red River
friend of Meriwether Lewis co-leader of the
Lewis and Clark expedition
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Home Work Outline Chapter 8 Section 3 Pages
278-283