Kingdom Fungi

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Kingdom Fungi
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Kingdom Fungi

• gt 80,000 species
• Terrestrial, aquatic, marine
• Most (known) Fungi are terrestrial

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Kingdom Fungi

• Important decomposers in ecosystems
• Recycle nutrients

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Fungi

• Parasitic/Pathogenic fungi
• Athletes foot ( jock itch)
• Rusts, smuts, powdery mildews, other diseases of
  crops ornamental plants
• Useful fungi
• Yeast (Saccharomyces)
• Baking, brewing, winemaking
• Cheeses
• Roquefort, camembert (but not Swiss, cheddar)
• Pharmaceuticals
• Penicillin from Penicillium spp.

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Fungi

• Mutualistic relationships with other organisms
• Lichens (fungus alga)
• Mycorrhizae
• fungi living on plant roots
• aid uptake of water and nutrients from soil

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Fungi

• Mycelium of hyphae
• Septate or non-septate
• Cell walls of chitin
• Heterotrophic by absorption

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Fungi

• Zygote is only diploid
• Dikaryotic stage in life cycle

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Chytridiomycota
• (not in lab)
• Phylum Ascomycota
• Phylum Zygomycota
• Phylum Basidiomycota
• Phylum Deuteromycota

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Ascomycota (ascomycetes)
• Hyphae septate
• Asexual reproduction by conidia, conidiospores
• naked spores on ends of upright hyphae

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Ascomycota (ascomycetes)
• Sexual reproduction in an ascus (asci)
• Ascus contains 8 ascospores

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Ascomycota
• Development of asci, ascospores

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Ascomycota
• cup fungi
• morels
• truffles
• yeasts

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Zygomycota
• Hyphae non-septate
• No walls or membranes between cells
• Nuclei other organelles can move freely within
  hyphae
• Zygospores for sexual reproduction
• Zygospore contains dikaryotic pairs of nuclei

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Zygomycota
• Asexual spores formed in sporangia

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Zygomycota
• Zygospores for sexual reproduction
• Zygospores contain dikaryotic pairs of nuclei

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Basidiomycota
• Hyphae septate
• Fruiting body forms basidia
• Basidia become zygotes
• Basidia bear basidiospores

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Basidiomycota
• Mushrooms
• Bracket fungi
• Smuts
• Rusts
• Puffballs

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Kingdom Fungi

• Phylum Deuteromycota
• Sexual reproduction unknown
• some fungi not studied, poorly known
• some fungi evolved to lose ability to reproduce
  sexually
• Without sexual structures cant be placed in any
  other Phylum
• Polyphyletic