Putting the Pieces Together

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Putting the Pieces Together

• The Impact of Information Technology on Student
  Affairs

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Information Technology

• The development, implementation, and maintenance
  of computer hardware and software systems to
  organize and communicate information
  electronically.
• - dictionary.com
• Referred to as IT for short
• Includes personal computers, email systems,
  network servers, WebCT, iPods, Microsoft Office,
  Second Life, cellular phones
• Has changed the way people share information and
  interact on campus
• So integrated into life that we now have a full
  support staff (professionals, paraprofessionals,
  student workers, etc.)

When you see this icon, please click to proceed.
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History of Information Technology
1940 Computers called mainframes fill entire
rooms.
1979 The invention of microprocessor chips
dramatically reduces the size of computers.
1990 Newly developed programming changes how
information is sent across networks, creating the
internet as we know it.
All the information for this timeline was taken
from the following websites BBC News U.S.
Census Bereau Ian Peter's History of the
Internet The Internet Society
1960s Computers connected together across phone
lines using modems, creating the first network.
2003 61.8 of American households have computers
and 54.7 of households have internet
access. (Davis, Janus, Cheeseman Day,2003)
1982 More than 100,000 computers in U.S. schools.
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Who are the Millennial Students?

• Born between 1982-2002
• More diverse than any previous generation
• Skilled at multi-tasking
• Accustomed to teamwork
• Expect structured environments
• Expect instant results

• Off the hook has never had anything to do with
  a telephone.
• American rock groups have always appeared in
  Moscow.
• Thanks to MySpace and Facebook, autobiography can
  happen in real time.
• Theyre always texting each other.
• Humvees, minus the artillery, have always been
  available to the public.

The Beloit Mindset List Each August for the
past decade, as faculty prepare for the academic
year, Beloit College in Wisconsin has released
the Beloit College Mindset List. Its 70 items
provide a look at the cultural touchstones that
have shaped the lives of todays first-year
students, most of them born in 1989.
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Born before 1980
The Millennial Generation
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Why put the puzzle together?

• To highlight the impact of technology on the
  services offered and methods of operation on
  campus
• To examine the benefits and drawbacks of the
  technologies examined
• To reflect on the past in order to better be able
  to predict and prepare for the future

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Puzzle Pieces

• Recruitment
• Accessibility
• Information Delivery
• Safety and Security
• Distance Learning

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Puzzle Pieces

• Accessibility
• Information Delivery
• Safety and Security
• Distance Learning

Recruitment

• This area has gone from being completely
  paper-based to primarily technology based. Not
  only can students apply online to schools and
  research the thousands of schools out there, but
  they can also receive virtual tours of the school
  they want to attend.

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Recruitment

• The process where institutions create an
  organizational program of attracting prospective
  students.
• Traditional recruitment
• newspapers, the trade press, word-of mouth,
  faxed/mailed pamphlets
• The traditional method of recruitment has been
  revolutionized by the emergence of the internet
• Students today can now apply for colleges and
  universities online as well as take virtual tours
  of campuses, see video footage or pictures of
  residence halls and apartments, submit résumés to
  graduate school or masters programs, and take
  online courses.

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Recruitment Methods
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Online Recruitment
Texas Christian University in Fort Worth believes
it will become the first in Texas to move to an
entirely electronic application process. A
couple of years ago, I predicted that within five
years wed be all-electronic it arrived a bit
earlier than I expected. Eighty-three percent of
TCUs applications for enrollment this past year
were submitted over the internet. The more
compelling figure was the 50,000 plus
applications sent via email and only 1 percent
returned completed via mail. - Raymond Brown,
Dean of Admissions at TCU
Laptop Recruitment
Students Laptop Mandates Creating the
Competitive Campus says Campuses that offer
incoming students laptop computers have a
recruitment and retention edge. Laptop mandates
help universities create a completive, attractive
environment, and therefore help recruit and
retain students this is evidence by increases in
enrollment and student retention in colleges and
universities that have such programs.
Blog Recruitment
Most schools wouldnt consider using a picture
of a campus restroom on an admissions brochure
paired with a direct quote from a current student
saying, Theres no freakin way in JOHN! But in
a sense, thats the direction which recruiting
appears to be heading as more colleges turn to
student-written blogs to give prospective
students and their parents a glimpse of life in
college. Blogs create a constant contact stream
between a school and a potential student over a
long period of time. As a result, schools using
blogs already have a leg up on competing colleges
that are only using traditional marketing
efforts. -Ball State University

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IM Recruitment-Susquehanna University
Instant Messenger is changing how students
write, creating much shorter attention spans. The
web has also changed application patterns.
Students are doing 50-90 of their college
research online. Theyre going to the website and
taking our virtual tour its one of the key
elements of our site. Forty percent of our
applications are coming online. Only a couple of
years ago that number was about 10-15.
IM Recruitment-Binghamton University
Instant messaging has become a quick and
easy forum for students to ask questions and get
answers immediately. Rather than being a fad, it
allows us to share information and build the kind
of relationship that we both can benefit from. We
get to know them and vice versa. Its a real
win-win. There are 8-10 telecounselors to
work with students after office hours
Monday-Thursday to call, email, and instant chat
with prospective students. Around 430 schools
including Iowa State, University of Alabama,
Southwest Minnesota State, and Harvard University
have signed up for the Boston-based Chat
University online services to recruit students.
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Online Recruitment

• Cost-effective
• A great tool to reach the global market
• Time saving-people respond faster
• Slowly increasing demographic scope
• Offers access to sizeable amounts of information
• Websites are far more useful than brochures

• Less formal contact
• Impersonal
• Discrimination towards internet non-users
• May have a disparate impact on certain groups
  ethnic minority
• Language barrier
• Limited demographic scope

Pros
Cons
VS
Having access to wealth of knowledge means you
wont waste your time applying for a role to
which you are not suited. - Unknown
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Where are we headed?
Recruitment is key for growth in any
organization. It is how one goes about recruiting
that changes things. Technology has taken over
the recruitment process and will continue to
grow. From newspapers to websites, from snail
mail to email, from telephone to instant
messaging, change is inevitable. As student
affairs professionals we need to be sure to be in
the constant know of what is changing and taking
place in our world. Before we know it, instant
messaging will be a thing of the past and
something else will take its place.
I think it's fair to say that personal
computers have become the most empowering tool
we've ever created. They're tools of
communication, they're tools of creativity, and
they can be shaped by their user. - Bill Gates
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Puzzle Pieces
The degree to which a product is accessible by
as many people as possible and is strongly
related to Universal Design, making things
accessible to all people. In the past people who
were challenged in these certain areas did not
have the proper access they do today. People in
wheelchairs werent able to enter a building
without having someone hold open the door for
them. People who were blind or had visual
problems werent able to read their text books on
their own. Even students who lived in the
residence halls didnt have the proper access
needed to get through the day. Today is a new
day. Huge developments within technology benefit
not only people with disabilities but everyone
else. We have ramps for wheelchair access,
electric door openers, and tapped text and CCTV
(closed caption television) that help students
who struggle with vision to succeed in reading
their books.

• Recruitment
• Information Delivery
• Safety and Security
• Distance Learning

Accessibility
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Universal Design
Examples of Universal Design Ramps Smooth ground surfaces of entranceways, without stairs Wide interior doors and hallways Use of meaningful icons as well as text labels Volume control on auditory output Choice of language on speech out put Closed captioning on television networks
An approach to the design of all products
and environments to be usable by everyone, to the
greatest extent possible, regardless of age,
ability, or situation. It serves people who are
young or old, with excellent or limited
abilities, in ideal or difficult circumstances.
Universal Design benefits everyone by
accommodating limitations.
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UALR (University of Arkansas at Little Rock) and
Universal Design

• The Seven Principles of Universal Design
• Equitable Use - The design is useful and
  marketable to people with diverse abilities.
• Flexibility in Use - The design accommodates a
  wide range of individual preferences and
  abilities.
• Simple and Intuitive Use - Use of the design is
  easy to understand, regardless of the users
  experience, knowledge, language skills, or
  current concentration level.
• Perceptible Information - The design communicates
  necessary information effectively to the user,
  regardless of ambient conditions or the users
  sensory abilities.
• Tolerance for Error - The design minimizes
  hazards and the adverse consequences of
  accidental or unintended actions.
• Low Physical Effort - The design can be used
  efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of
  fatigue.
• Size and Space for Approach and Use - Appropriate
  size and space is provided for approach, reach,
  manipulation, and use regardless of users body
  size, posture, or mobility.

Universal Design is a concept that has emerged
from the architectural field and is now being
applied in other areas. The term Universal
Design was defined by the team of architects,
environmental researchers, engineers and product
designers who are credited with its origin. They
define Universal Design as the design of
products and environments to be usable by all
people, to the greatest extent possible, without
the need for adaptation or specialized design.
This same team of professionals developed a set
of seven principles which guide designers in the
development of products and environments to
maximize usability and accessibility.
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Universal Design and Disability Services
The accommodation model of disability services is
currently the most prevalent model in the
postsecondary setting. This realization, for many
disability service providers, results in a
recognition that a change must occur in the DSS
office before it can occur across the campus. One
way to approach this change is to engage in a
strategic planning process.
Accommodation Approach Universal Design Approach
Access is a problem for the individual and should be addressed by that person and the disability service program Access issues stem from an inaccessible, poorly designed environments and should be addressed by the designer
Access is achieved through accommodations and/or retrofitting existing requirements The system/environment is designed, to the greatest extent possible, to be usable by all
Access is retroactive Access is proactive
Access is often provided in a separate location or through special treatment Access is inclusive
Access must be reconsidered each time a new individual uses the system, i.e. is consumable Access, as part of the environmental design, is sustainable
Source AHEAD Universal Design Initiative Team Source AHEAD Universal Design Initiative Team
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Disability Support Services at the University of
Central Arkansas (UCA)
The goal of DSS is to maximize each
student's educational potential while helping him
or her develop and maintain independence. Our
philosophy is one that encourages self-awareness,
self-determination, self-advocacy and
independence in a comprehensively accessible
environment. While complying with the letter of
the law, DSS also embraces the spirit by
providing services to all students with permanent
or temporary disabilities to ensure that all
University programs and activities are
accessible. The student's responsibility is to
become informed about and to make use of the
resources and services that are available.
University of Central Arkansas
DSS had to evolve with our student population
at UCA. The computer technology needs of
students in general have grown substantially
within the past 10-15 years, as has the assistive
technology needs of students with disabilities.
When I arrived here in 2000, we had already
purchased our first version of Kuzweil 3000,
Dragon Dictate, the Braille printer, and an older
model CCTV. Most of the technology that DSS
provides is in the library room 222, our
assistive technology lab. Decentralized access to
assistive technology- Students having access to
needed software within our university's general
use computer labs, would be a logical next step
in our department. Crystal Hill, Director
of DSS
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Universal Design with Technology

• In 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act was
  signed into law. That act prompted a rethinking
  of architectural design to give disabled citizens
  greater access to public buildings as well as
  commercial facilities and transportation.
• The concept of designing technology for a broad
  range of personal needs and abilities is known as
  Universal Design. In educational technology, it
  means designing software and hardware that
  everyone can access and learn from.
• Universal Design for Learning (UDL) draws upon
  principles of Universal Design that are now
  widely accepted in architectural and product
  development, and applies these principles to the
  needs of teaching and learning.

What UDL represents

• UDL represents a convergence of thinking about
  the best uses of technology.
• UDL calls for multiple means of representation,
  multiple means of expression, and multiple means
  of engagement.
• Universal Design goes hand-in-hand with
  technology because computer-based materials are
  the most practical way to provide the needed
  flexibility.

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Four Tenets of UDL

• Universal Design goes hand in hand with
  technology because computer-based materials are
  the most practical way to provide the needed
  flexibility. Our goal is to make software with
  multiple options to support mathematical problem
  description and problem solving.

• Rather than constituting a separate category,
  students with disabilities fall along a continuum
  of learner differences.
• Teacher adjustments for learner differences
  should occur for all students, not just those
  with perceived disabilities.
• Curriculum materials should be varied and
  diverse, and should include digital and online
  resources rather than centering on a single
  textbook.
• Instead of "remediating" students so that they
  can learn from a set curriculum, curriculum
  should be made flexible to accommodate learner
  differences.

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Accessibility

• Not everyone will take advantage of access
• Lack of motivation on students part
• May not meet specific needs but overall needs
• Opportunity to be a crutch for some students
• Lack of knowledge or recourse

• Access for everyone
• Success for students in class
• Motivation
• New opportunities for students
• Self-identity
• Challenges others

Pros
Cons
VS
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Puzzle Pieces

• How are people really communicating within
  student affairs?
• Email- mail through the internet
• Social Networks- online communities such as
  Facebook
• Portable devices- iPods, Blackberries, cell
  phones laptops, palm pilots and more
• Portals- URSA remote access portal
• GroupWise- groupware software
• Intranet- a private network protected by a
  firewall

• Recruitment
• Accessibility
• Safety and Security
• Distance Learning

Information Delivery
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Social Networks

• Social networks have become one of the most
  widely used forms of information delivery,
  helping with communication between different
  groups of people. Facebook is one of the largest
  Social Networks around. It was founded in 2004
  and has since then grown exponentially.

• Who is using Facebook?
• 64,000,000 active users.
• 250,000 new registrations a day since January
  2007.
• A little under half of Facebook users are in
  college.
• Facebook maintains 85 of the 4-year university
  market share.

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GroupWise

• GroupWise provides a power that allows users
  to synchronize information between nearly any
  mobile device and their Novell GroupWise
  accounts.

This latest technology innovation opens the door
to allow total freedom. GroupWise allows users
unrestricted, protected access to email,
appointments, contacts, tasks and notes from
their personal handheld portable information
device.
Another dynamic aspect of GroupWise is their
push technology. The push technology instantly
pushes data from the GroupWise Mobile Server to
the users mobile device as soon as it arrives in
the users inbox via WiFi or another internet
carrier of the users choice.
GroupWise has also allowed for documents to be
seen in their original format. Word processing
documents, spreadsheets, and presentations can be
viewed from your portable device without any
formatting issues.
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Intranet

• What is an intranet?
• An intranet is a private website that uses
  the same underlying structure and network
  protocols as the internet and is protected from
  unauthorized users by a firewall.

• Four Main Benefits
• Better internal communication- university
  information can be stored centrally and accessed
  at any time.
• Sharing of resources and best practice- a
  virtual community can be created to facilitate
  information sharing and collaborative working.
• Improved customer service- better access to
  accurate and consistent information by faculty
  and staff enhanced levels of student service.
• Reduction in paperwork- forms can be accessed
  and completed on the desktop, and then forwarded
  as appropriate for approval, without ever having
  to be printed out.

What does this mean for universities? Intranets
enhance communication between employees, and
provide a common knowledge base and storage area
for everyone in your business. They also provide
easy access to university data, systems and email
from their individual desktops.
What does this mean for everyone? Because
intranets are secure and easily accessible
through the internet, workers and students can
access these intranets from almost anywhere.
What this means is that faculty, administration,
and students can access the information they need
whenever they are on a trip, sick at home, at
another university, and the list can go on and
on. Due to portable devices, this day and age
anyone can access their universitys intranet
from literally anywhere in the world and work as
if they are sitting at their own desk.
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Email Information Delivery

• Universities across the nation are using email.
  Even though email has been around for a very long
  time the application has changed over the
  decades.

• How email is being used today
• To communicate with students/coworkers as a
  group between classes/meetings.
• To extend discussion beyond the classroom to the
  student that is a shy person, absentee, or a
  reflective thinker.
• To make the thinking process of students
  visible. Teachers can lurk, an internet term
  which means to read messages but not comment on
  them, behind students and see their thought
  process.
• Allows for individual one-on-one attention to
  help students excel.
• Allows for answering a question once and
  forwarding it to others so they do not have to
  answer the same question over and over. This
  saves a lot of time.
• Email allows the instructor to assign group
  projects and students can participate more than
  ever before. Email even makes it possible for
  students across America to participate in the
  same academic virtual case study!

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Portable Devices

• Over the past decade, progress in Portable
  Information Devices (PIDs) has revolutionized
  telecommunications, information engineering, and
  entertainment systems. PIDs have become an
  essential part of everyday life and business.
  They make it possible to have vastly enhanced
  lifestyles - from basics such as reading, note
  taking, or listening to music, to crunching
  numbers, watching videos, and following news and
  sports events while on the go. Today's PIDs
  include cellular phones, personal digital
  assistants, medical devices, intelligent
  clothing, and iPods. Some devices provide
  built-in organizers for shopping lists,
  scheduling and appointments, phone numbers,
  address books, customer contacts, even games and
  video display.
• www.ieee-portable.org

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The First Portable Device

• The Past
• In 1981 the world saw the first portable
  device, the Osborne 1. It cost 1,795 and
  weighed around 25 pounds. The purchasing power
  of 1,795 during 1982 was the equivalent of
  4,045.40. However, the Osborne 1 came with
  1,500 of free software installed. It had a five
  inch monitor and had 64kb of memory and two 91kb
  drives. It also had a 4 Mhz processor and you
  could purchase an internal battery pack so that
  it would not have to be plugged in to work.

Today Portable devices today are far more
advanced. The newly released Apple Air costs
1,800, and it comes stock with 2 GB of RAM, an
80 GB hard drive, and a 1.6 GHz processor.
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Portable Devices What people are saying

• The PEP (Palm Education Pioneers) teachers
  concluded that the main benefits to the student
  were increased time using the technology,
  increased student motivation, increased
  collaboration and communications, and benefits
  from having a portable and accessible personal
  learning tool. Likewise, 67 of student teachers
  felt that the PDAs increased student motivation
  and interest, 71 felt that they increased the
  ability to collaborate and communicate, and 80
  of the student teachers increased their
  productivity by having a portable and accessible
  learning tool.

• An estimated 95 of college students will
  show up to class with some type of electronic
  device. This creates added opportunities for
  academic dishonesty. A variety of responses were
  added to stop cheating with the portable devices
• Ban electronic equipment during exams
• Create multiple versions of a test
• Embrace wireless technology, but control it

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Portals

• Potential Issues The system must be able to
  differentiate between a John Doe and a Dr. John
  Doe who has access to sensitive material. It is
  very difficult to organize an infrastructure and
  institutional information and services to perform
  this way. Campus specialists are likely to be
  displaced. In order to truly make web-based
  services user friendly and compatible with
  self-services and role-based ideals, users cannot
  have multiple user IDs and passwords.
  Institutional policies will be stretched into new
  shapes and configurations by these technologies
  and ethical, legal, and policy constraints
  concerning student information will be called
  into question.

An entrance, entry point, or means of entry
-bnet.com At the most basic level, portals
gather a variety of useful information resources
into a single, one stop Web page, helping the
user to avoid being overwhelmed (Looney
Lyman, 2000)
Why its important Throughout our history,
colleges and universities have described
themselves as communities of scholars. Creative,
web-sophisticated, commercial, and academic
organizations are harnessing the evolving
technologies and new organizing principles to
create powerful and compelling communities. When
the communities are created they reinforce
stakeholder loyalties in ways our traditional
campuses do.
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Portal Information Delivery

• Colleges and universities both compete and
  realize the full benefits of their investments in
  data warehouse, enterprise systems, and other
  elements of the campus infrastructure
• Integrate information, services, and
  infrastructure across a seamless and
  easy-to-navigate web interface

• Regulation of advertising on institutional
  websites
• Creating portals that remain compelling to users
  but does not violate institutional privacy
  policies
• Integrating physical and virtual sites to foster
  social and intellectual interactions

Pros
Cons
VS
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Puzzle Pieces

• Technology has been used to address many campus
  safety and security problems while at the same
  time creating new vulnerabilities.

• Recruitment
• Accessibility
• Information Delivery
• Distance Learning

Safety and Security
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Keeping People Safe in a New Generation

• On April 17th, 2007, a deadly shooting at
  Virginia Tech resulted in the death of 33 people.
• February 8th, 2008, a woman entered a Louisiana
  Tech classroom and shot two people before
  shooting herself.
• February 14th, 2008, 22 people were shot with a
  death toll of six during a classroom shooting at
  Northern Illinois University.

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Can Technology Prevent Tragedy?

• Text Messaging and Email Alert Systems

• Rice University used a similar system in August
  2007 to warn of floods on campus, reaching about
  60 of people on campus.

• In 2007, more than 100 colleges had signed up for
  text and instant message systems via 3n, a
  community alert company.

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Community Alert Systems

• People tend to hang up on computerized voice
  messages
• Enrollment is voluntary, resulting in a smaller
  reach

• Text messages reach students more quickly than
  emails
• More than 90 of students carry cell phones
• Students can be reached at anytime, anywhere

Pros
Cons
VS
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Identity Theft

• According to the Federal Trade Commission, close
  to 10 million Americans fell victim to identity
  theft in 2003.
• More than a dozen campus security breach
  incidents have occurred in January 2008.
• In 2006, 30 of colleges stated that security was
  their top technology-related concern.

• Security is, I would say, our top priority
  because of all the exciting things you will be
  able to do with computers. If we don't solve
  these security problems, then people will hold
  back. Businesses will be afraid to put their
  critical information on it because it will be
  exposed.
• - Bill Gates

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Given the percentage of growth, the reality is
that most of us will become the victim of
identity theft sometime in our lives, if not
multiple times. - Linda Goldman-Foley, Executive
Director Identity Theft Resource Center
College students are uniquely vulnerable to
identity theft because of the public availability
of their personal information, their easy access
to credit, and their lack of attention to credit
issues. University of Minnesota Parent Program
Connection
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Identity Protection

• Many colleges are hiring chief security officers
  to develop network protection policies.

• Schools are requiring software scans, such as
  antivirus and anti-spyware, before allowing
  connection to the network.

• The University of Texas is moving beyond
  password-based security for services like
  registration and grade access by adding extra
  steps to the log on process.

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Social Security Numbers

• Created in 1936 and has since become a national
  identifier.
• The theft of a SSN can result in the use of bank
  accounts, credit cards and other personal
  information.
• 2003, Georgia Tech became the first college in
  Georgia to end the use of Social Security numbers
  as identification.
• Currently there are about 20 states lacking laws
  against this liberal use of Social Security
  Numbers.

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Puzzle Pieces

• Recruitment
• Accessibility
• Information Delivery
• Safety and Security

• In the beginning, distance learning involved
  mail- and video- based courses. Now, online
  course enrollment is growing faster than ever.
• 62 of four-year colleges offered distance
  learning courses in 1998.
• 87 of four-year colleges offered distance
  learning courses in 2004.
• In 2006, nearly 20 of all postsecondary students
  took at least one online course.

• Distance Learning

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Distance Learning
Technology works best when it is solving a
problem that people have come up against. -
Robert Zemsky, Learning Alliance for Higher
Education

• Technology is the fuel on which distance
  education runs and is a primary focal point in
  virtually all distance education professional
  organizations and publications. (Dare, Zapata,
  Thomas 2005)

Distance learning can help solve two
fundamental problems Time and Space. - Gene
Maeroff, Hechinger Institute on Education and the
Media, Columbia University
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Why Students Choose Distance Learning

• Distance learners are a segment of the student
  population that can no longer be ignored by the
  student affairs profession. Originally, distance
  learners were primarily older and limited by
  family obligations, but as technology increases,
  so will the population of traditional demographic
  students earning degrees via distance learning.

• 76.2 work schedule accommodation
• 42.3 family obligations
• 42.1 live too far away
• 16 financial situation
• (Dare, Zapata, Thomas 2005)

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Student Affairs Distance Learning
Strengthening the Bond

• Distance learners benefit from a feeling of
  connection to their institution just as
  traditional learners do.
• Instant Messaging, Email and Video Conferencing
  can assist in person-to-person interaction.
• Online services should be interactive, not just
  information-based.
• Some existing programs can be adapted for online
  learners, but administrators should not shy away
  from creating other services specifically for
  this population.

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Distance Learning

• Not all courses and schools are created equal
• Difficulty reaching students and creating
  engagement
• Reliant on technology
• Self-teaching with less involvement from faculty
• Less structured time

• Increased access and choices
• Promotes lifelong learning
• Anonymity leads to more comfort
• Flexibility of time
• Self-directed for independent learners

Pros
Cons
VS
E-learning will never, and should never, be the
dominate method of educating students, but it
will be a fixed part of the delivery system of
higher education. -Gene Maeroff
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Completing the Puzzle

• Recruitment
• Accessibility
• Information Delivery
• Safety and Security
• Distance Learning

Students now use computers in their college
search and application process. Instant
Messenger, internet blogging and online tours
have revolutionized the recruitment process.
Thanks to technology, more students than ever are
able to benefit from a college education.
Technology and Universal Design will only
increase these numbers.
Computers deliver a wealth of new ways to reach
and educate an increasingly diverse student
population. The profession of student affairs
should be prepared to cater to the unique needs
of these students.
Students communicate with their professors and
each other in many ways. Thanks to Facebook and
personal devices, they are always connected.
Technology has been utilized to notify the
community in the case of an emergency and help
secure the campus. However, with the growth of
technology and information access, there is an
increase in identity theft risk.
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References
All-electronic admissions. (2006, June).
Recruitment Retention in Higher Education,
Retrieved February 16, 2008, from Professional
Development Collection database. Anton, C.
(2006, April). Student blogs in recruitment.
Recruitment Retention in Higher Education,
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