Benzene Trends Presentation to GHP Clean Air Committee

1
Benzene Trends Presentation to GHP Clean Air
Committee

• Presented by
• Steve Hansen (Shell)
• HRM Monitoring/Data Analysis Issue Manager
• November 21, 2006

2
Presentation/Discussion Topics

• General sources of benzene emissions in HGB
• Sampling and analysis of ambient benzene
• Location of benzene monitoring sites in U.S. and
  HGB
• Ambient benzene trends in HGB
• Comparison of ambient levels with TCEQ ESL
• Comparison Houston vs. other cities in U.S.
• Summary of findings

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What are major sources of Benzene Emissions in
HGB?
4
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What methods are used to sample and analyze for
benzene?
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Measurement Methods

• Canister Sampling
• Collect 24-hr samples once every 6th day
• Analyze by EPA Method TO-15
• Minimum Detection Limit less than 1 ppb-V
• Automated PAMS GC
• Collect and analyze VOC samples hourly
• Analyzes for approximately 50 compounds
• Minimum Detection Limit less than 1 ppb-V

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Where are Benzene Monitoring Sites Located in the
US?
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Texas Ranks No. 1 among 39 states in the number
of benzene monitoring sites. Texas operates 22
of the sites in the United States as of 2004.
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Where are the Benzene Monitoring Sites Located in
the HGB Area?
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TCEQ Canister Monitors in Houston Area
17 TCEQ Canister Sites
12
PAMS Monitors in Houston Area

• 5 TCEQ PAMS
• 3 HRM PAMS
• 4 Other Industry PAMS

12 PAMS Monitors in HGB
12 PAMS Monitors
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HRM Canister Monitors in Houston Area
7 HRM Canister Sites
14
TCEQ Canister, PAMS and HRM Monitors in Houston
Area
36 Benzene monitors at 29 sites in HGB
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TCEQ Canister, PAMS and HRM Monitors in Houston
Ship Channel Area
There are 24 monitors at 17 Sites in the Ship
Channel
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What levels of Benzene are being measured in the
HGB?
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TCEQ Canister Monitors and 2004 Annual Average
Benzene Concentrations (ppb) in Houston Area
Details of Ship Channel Area, See Next Slide
C8
0.47
C26
0.52
C53
0.46
C100
0.81
C1022
0.98
C34
0.22
C11
0.34
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TCEQ Canister Monitors and 2005 Annual Average
Benzene Concentrations (ppb) in Houston Area
Details of Ship Channel Area, See Next Slide
C8
0.52
C26
0.61
C53
0.38
C100
0.57
C1022
1.06
C34
0.23
C11
0.36
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in Houston Ship
Channel Area for 2004 (ppb), West Ship Channel
0.70
C114
0.60
Haden Rd.
0.67
Clinton Dr.
0.75
0.75
C167
1.63
0.71
C403
1.15
0.74
C169
Cesar Chavez
0.66
West Ship Channel
0.67
C1020
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in Houston Ship
Channel Area for 2005 (ppb), West Ship Channel
0.71
C114
0.64
Haden Rd.
0.68
Clinton Dr.
0.75
0.60
C167
1.97
0.60
C403
0.63
0.50
C169
Cesar Chavez
0.59
West Ship Channel
0.59
C1020
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in Houston Ship
Channel Area for 2004 (ppb), East Ship Channel
0.16
0.73
Wallisville Rd.
0.25
0.64
C15
Channelview
0.60
0.51
C148
0.5
Lynchburg Ferry
0.22
2.37
1.73
C1015
Deer park
0.47
0.60
C35
0.7
East Ship Channel
0.66
C145
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in Houston Ship
Channel Area for 2005 (ppb), East Ship Channel
0.17
0.62
Wallisville Rd.
0.25
0.75
C15
Channelview
0.75
0.56
C148
0.51
Lynchburg Ferry
0.24
3.15
C1015
9.17
Deer park
0.58
0.58
C35
0.75
East Ship Channel
1.18
C145
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in North and West
Houston Area for 2004 (ppb)
C26
0.52
0.47
C8
0.46
C53
24
Annual Average Benzene Trends in North and West
Houston Area for 2005 (ppb)
C26
0.61
0.52
C8
0.38
C53
25
Annual Average Benzene Trends in Galveston and
Brazoria Area for 2004 (ppb)
1.61
Tx City
C1022
0.98
C100
0.81
0.39
Mustang Bayou
C34
0.16
Danciger
0.22
0.17
Lake Jackson
C11
0.34
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Annual Average Benzene Trends in Galveston and
Brazoria Area for 2005 (ppb)
0.87
Tx City
C1022
1.06
C100
0.57
0.35
Mustang Bayou
C34
0.18
Danciger
0.23
0.19
Lake Jackson
C11
0.36
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How Does Houston Compare to Other Cities in the
US?
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Are Benzene Trends in Houston Improving?
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Comparison of Harris County TRI Emissions to
Median Benzene Levels
Ambient Benzene levels on average have declined
by over 80 across the Ship Channel since 1989.
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Summary

• The Houston area hosts the nations most
  comprehensive network of monitoring sites to
  detect low levels of benzene
• Data from this network show that
• Benzene levels in Houston are comparable to many
  other US cities
• Some source oriented monitors in Houston indicate
  higher levels of benzene due to the proximity of
  localized sources
• Average ambient benzene concentrations have
  declined by 80 since 1989
• Those sources that impact ambient benzene
  concentration in Harris Co. are
• On-road mobile sources 55
• Non-road mobile sources 24
• Industrial sources 14
• Other area sources 7