Columbus and the Crusades

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Columbus and the Crusades

• By Jarrod

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Information about the Crusades

• The Crusades is any military operation launched
  during the Middle Ages.
• Religious acts had a lot to do with if people
  joined the Crusades or not, but many people took
  up the cross.
• Most people during this time were in search of
  wealth and land.
• For 200 years, crusaders marched and occupied
  parts of Palestine.

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More of the Crusades

• The First Crusade came close to what it was in
  search for.
• After a long campaign, Christian knights captured
  Jerusalem in 1099.
• The crusaders divided all of their captured land
  into four small states.
• All of the Crusades were during the Middle Ages

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Search for Spices

• In todays world, pepper is an everyday spice.
  But during the Middle ages it was as expensive
  and worth about the same as gold.
• The prices of spices would always rise if it had
  been traded more than one time.

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Improved technology

• Several inventions helped Europeans conquer the
  oceans of the world.
• Most of the inventions were products such as
  Cartographers and astrolabes.
• A cartographer was a mapmaker and an astrolabe
  was an instrument developed by the ancient Greeks
  and perfected by the Arabs to determine latitude
  at sea.

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Spain enters the race

• In 1492, Columbus finally convinced Ferdinand and
  Isabella to pay for his trip to the Indies.
• On August 3, 1492, Columbus sailed west with
  three small ships, the Pinta, the Nina, and the
  Santa Maria.
• Columbus spent several months cruising the
  Caribbean, searching for China and Japan.

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Map of Columbuss voyage

• Later he returned to Spain as a hero, and on many
  other voyages he found many unknown islands.
• To the right is a map of his voyage.

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Conquest in the Americas

• One of the conquests was Christopher Columbus
  discovering what is now called the West Indies.
• A conquistador is a conqueror followed in the
  wake of Columbus.

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Remaking the Americas

• Spain ruled much of the land in the world at this
  particular time, so to maintain this goal the
  king set up the Council of the Indies.
• In Spain, religion played a very big part in
  peoples everyday lives. Barotolome de las Casas,
  condemned the evils of the encomienda system.

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• Many Spanish settlers preferred to live in towns
  or cities, so many moved to Mexico City. Before
  long, Mexico City was the larges Spanish-speaking
  city in the world.

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Struggle for North America

• The Englishs first permanent settlement was in
  Jamestown, Virginia.
• The early years of this settlement werent too
  promising. Many people died of starvation and
  disease. However, many Native Americans helped
  out with this problem.
• The impact on Native Americans was pretty harsh
  and resulted in many battles.

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Turbulent centuries in Africa

• The Atlantic Slave Trade was a time of slaves
  being sent the Atlantic to work on tobacco and
  sugar plantations in the Americas.
• The Europeans viewed slaves as the most important
  item during that time.
• Scientist estimate that about 2000 enslaved
  Americans were sent to the Americas each year.

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• On average there were about 80,000 slaves a year.

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Changes in Europe

• When Columbus returned home in 1493, he brought
  back many new things.
• He brought back European plants and animals, and
  he also brought back a group called the Tainos,
  who were from the West Indies
• After this, many prices increased and everything
  in Europe grew.

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• There was even a New Economic policy, also known
  as mercantilism.
• It aimed at making the national economies
  stronger.

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The End