use preformed components to nonspecifically clear the agent

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use preformed components to non-specifically
clear the agent
produce specific components directed against the
agent
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Innate and Adaptive Immunity
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Types of Adaptive Immunity
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How can you induce immunity in an individual?
Yes (T cells)
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Cells and Tissues of the Immune System

• Lecture 2

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Agenda

• Cells of the Immune System
• Tissues/Organs of the Immune System

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Cells of the Immune System
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• Hematopoiesis

Pluripotent
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Lymphocytes
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Lymphocytes

• B Cells
• T Cells
• NK Cells

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Classes of Lymphocytes
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Phenotypic Markers to Distinguish Lymphocyte
Subsets
T Cytotoxic CD8
B Cell CD19
T Helper CD4
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Phases of Lymphocyte Activation
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Accessory Cells

• Mononuclear Phagocytes
• Monocytes and Macrophages
• Dendritic Cells

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Monocytes and Macrophages

• Functions
• Phagocytosis
• Antigen processing and presentation (APCs)
• Activation of T cells

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• Origin and Development of Macrophages

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Monocyte
Activated Mac
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Dendritic Cells

• Transport Antigens to L. nodes
• Initiation of T Cell Responses

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• Dendritic Cell Subsets

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(Myeloid DC)
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Granulocytes
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
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• Lymphoid Organs

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• Lymphoid Organs

Primary/ Generative
Secondary
Ruminants Pigs
Cutaneous Mucosal
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Lymphoid Organs

• Secondary Lymphoid Organs
• efficient at trapping and concentrating foreign
  substances
• site of Ag-driven proliferation and
  differentiation e.g. Ab production
• spleen, lymph nodes, diffuse tissues

• Primary (Generative) Lymphoid Organs
• maturation site of lymphoid cells
• bone marrow, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, Peyers
  Patches in Pigs and Ruminants

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• Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Thymus

• Site of T cell maturation.
• Relative Size
• Greatest in Newborn
• Absolute Size
• Greatest at Puberty

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(T Cell Progenitors)
Effect of Thymectomy?
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Site of T Cell Maturation
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• Effect of Thymectomy in Adult

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Bone Marrow

• Site of hematopoiesis.
• Site of B cell maturation in mammals.

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Bursa of Fabricius

• Site of B cell maturation in birds.

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Peyers Patches

• Site of B Cell Maturation -Pigs and Ruminants

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• Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Lymph Nodes

• Local sites of specific immune response.
• Strategically placed on lymphatic channels.

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Lymphatics Drain to the Local (Parotid) Lymph node
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Lymph Node
How does Lymph Nodes in the pig differ from those
in other animals?
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Spleen

• Site of immunological responses against
  blood-borne Ags.
• White pulp rich in lymphoid cells.
• Red pulp rich in Macrophages.

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• Circulation of Naïve and Activated/Memory
• T Lymphocytes

Activated/Memory
Lymphocyte Circulation in pig?