The Scramble for Africa

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The Scramble for Africa Late 19th CenturyWhat
did Africa have that others wanted and would kill
for?
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What did Africa have that others wanted? Phase
One1. Good ports along route to India and
spice trade.2. Defensive posts to keep others
away from trade (monopoly)3. Cape Town good
farm lands to grow crops to supply sailors.4.
Market for European finished goods5. Slaves
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What did Africa have that others wanted?Part
Two After Slave Trade Ended (Early 19th
century)1. Land greed ego (Belgium Congo
gt Belgium).2. Slaves, Diamonds (DeBeers), Gold,
Salt, Minerals, etc. 3. European rivalry 4.
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Scramble for AfricaEuropean Colonies
Africa Political Boundaries Today
European Colonies
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How did rubber change the world? The cost of
Colonization on Africa. A look at the Belgium
Congo.
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King Leopold of BelgiumHe PERSONALLY owned The
Congo
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Belgium Congo
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Prisoners at work in the Belgium Congo
1912Which tribe do you think was the stronger
one before Belgium supplied the guns?How did
Belgium impact tribal relations? What do you
think will happen after Belgium pulls out?
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Belgium kept tight control of the bullets it
supplied to the tribes. For every bullet fired a
human hand had to be brought back. In one year
alone more than 2 million bullets were shipped to
the Congo. An estimated 8-10 million people died
as a result of Belgiums/King Leopolds
policies.How do you think these policies
impacted tribal relations?
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Rudyard Kipling in his poem White Mans Burden
justified the European colonies and their
policies of total submission of the people in
Africa.How prepared (educated and trained) were
the Africans for their independence once it was
finally obtained?What kind of rulers had the
Europeans taught them to be?
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Initially King Leopolds Belgium Congo was the
worlds primary supplier of rubber, a crucial
component of the Industrial Revolution. However,
rubber trees were being planted in the US
controlled Philippines and elsewhere, and they
would be ready to be harvested in approximately
20 years. Time was running out for Belgiums
domination of the rubber industry. A village in
the Congo before being destroyed to make room for
more rubber trees.
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After destruction
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Congo women being held captive to force their
husbands to go into the rain forest to gather
wild rubber.
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Unloading Rubber Congo 1900
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Analyze this picture. What is happening and why?
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(No Transcript)
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Why did Europeans feel they had the right
to conquer the Africans?How were they able to
defeat and conquer a continent of millions?How
were the Europeans able to maintain power?
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The Racial Ladder European belief in the
superiority of whites Remember Rudyard
Kiplings White Mans Burden.
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How Africa was being portrayed during Colonial
Period
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A European traveling in the Belgium Congo 1912
A White Mans Burden
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A postcard showing a tribal chief on his
honeymoon French Congo 1902 What is the message
here?How is this portraying the Africans?
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Cecil Rhodes We are the finest race in the world
and the more of the world we inhabit the better
it is for the human race. 1877
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European Colonies late 19th Century right before
after The Scramble for Africa
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American Cartoon 1900What is the message?
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What is the message here?
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How were they able to defeat and conquer a
continent of millions?Think PREMS
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Soldiers of the Force PubliqueCongo - 1912
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Military
Whatever happens, we have gotThe Maxim gun, and
they have not Maxim Machine Gun - 1883
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Steam-powered Gunboats travel up the Nile to
rescue British forces - 1883
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Boer Wars 1898 - 1902
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How would/could you keep millions enslaved and
peaceful?
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How would/could you keep millions enslaved and
peaceful? PREMS 1. Divide and conquer 2. Put
minority tribes into positions of power (i.e.
Yugoslavia, Rwanda) 3. Restrict Education 4.
European rules, judges, officers 5. European
supplies