Nanlubrication: Industrial Applications

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Nanlubrication Industrial Applications

• Volf Leshchynsky, D.Sc.,Ph.D.
• TDM Chief Technical Officer

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Nanoparticle Deformation Nanotechnology
Nanostructured Materials
Nano Lubricants
Alloys
Technology Portfolio
Sintering Technologies
Localised Composite Severe Deformation
Localised Powder Severe Deformation
Nano composites MMC
Cold Spray
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Outline

• Nanotribology and MEMS. Superlubricity
• Bionanotribology
• Nanoparticle Solid Lubricants
• Nanotribology approach in Macro Applications
• Technology
• Application Prospects

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Low Friction State Concept
Shear stress and film thickness of a six-layer
dodecane film that is undergoing shear at shear
rate 1011 s-1. The results are shown against
time, where sxz,w and h are the shear stress
calculated from the lateral force on the wall and
the wall separation. The snapshots on the top,
inset, and bottom, respectively, show
equilibrated film configuration before applying
the shear, the disordered film structure after
application of shear at high friction regime, and
orientation of the molecules in the layers after
transition to the low friction regime.
Jabbarzadeh, Peter Harrowell,and R. I. Tanner,
Very Low Friction State of a Dodecane Film
Confined between Mica Surfaces, PhysRevLett.
(2005) 94, 126103
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Scanning electron micrograph and cross-sectional
schematic of an electrostatic lateral output
motor. The dimensions of the cantilever are 350
µm 196 µm.
Intermeshing gears and mirror and drive systems
produced by Si surface micromachining in Sandia
National Laboratories SUMMiTTM process.
Performance results of MEMS operated to failure
S. H. Kim, Nanotoday,2/5(2007)
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Nanofabrication/nanomachining by AFM
(a) Trim and (b) spiral patterns generated by
scratching a Si(1 0 0) surface using a diamond
tip at a normal load of 15 N and writing speed of
0.5m/s.
B. Bhushan, Nanotribology and nanomechanics, Wear
259 (2005) 15071531
B. Bhushan et al., J. Phys. Condens. Matter 20
(2008) 365207 (34pp)
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The biogenic devices have functional units in the
micro- and nanometer regime and have been
evolutionarily optimized over millions of years.
The examples comprise natural micromechanical
systems made of nanostructured silica (diatoms
produce hinges and interlocking devices on the
micrometer scale and below), adhesive molecules
that can switch states and account for white
blood cell rolling in endothelial cells, and
single molecules that serve as strong
self-healing adhesives
Ille C. Gebeshuber, Nanotoday, 2/5(2007)
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Nanotribology Approach in Macro Applications
Project PI
BD Duration Project
Value
Problem To reduce engine friction losses and
improve engine efficiency
Nanotechnology Based Solid Lubricant Tread
Patterning Made Using Innovative Gas Dynamic
Spray Technology for Fabrication of Oil-Free
Sliding Components is suggested
WS2 or MoS2 Nanoparticles Source of Solid
Lubricant Nano-sheets
Gradual Supply of Solid Lubricant Nano-sheets
into Sliding Interface
C.M. Taylor , Automobile engine tribologydesign
considerations for efficiency and durability,
Wear 221 (1998) 18
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The Real Tribological Characteristics between
Piston Ring and Cast Iron Cylinder Liner
Coefficient of friction of chrome-coated ring
running against cast iron cylinder liner segment
in engine oils with friction modifiers. (a)
Friction curves, (b) average friction coefficient.
Total Friction Losses
µ - Friction Coefficient, N Normal Load, v
Sliding Speed
µ 0.07-0.05
Simon C. Tung , Hong Gao, Tribological
characteristics and surface interaction between
piston ring coatings and a blend of
energy-conserving oils and ethanol fuels (Case
study), Wear 255 (2003) 12761285
Task To decrease
µ 0.025
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High Lubricity Coating Approach
The low friction coefficient of a-CH coatings
can be attributed to the formation of a
lubricious graphite-like transfer layer formed
during sliding between the counterpart and the
coating. The formation of this tribo-layer is
believed to come from the release of hydrogen
from the coating surface during sliding due to
friction-induced localized annealing at contact
asperities, which destabilize the sp3 bonds.
Liu Y, Erdemir A, Meletis EI. A study of the
wear mechanism of diamond-like carbon films.
Surface and Coatings Technology,1996824856..
Schematic of a conceptual design of the
YSZ/Au/MoS2 /DLC tribological coating with
Chameleon like surface adaptive behavior (a)
composite layer structure and (b) cross section
of a coating at the friction contact.
A. A. Voevodin, T. A. Fitz, J. J. Hu, and J. S.
Zabinski, Nanocomposite tribological coatings
with Chameleon surface adaptation , J. Vac.
Sci. Technol. A 20(4), Jul/Aug 2002
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High Lubricity Surface Layer Design
The requirements to the material and coating
system as well as to the manufacturing process
are as follows
high adhesion to the light metal substrate
low friction coefficients lubricant support
capabilities improved dry running conditions by
self lubrication high corrosion resistance
high wear resistance resistance to thermal
cycling and fatigue reproducible and reliable
processing economical manufacturing process
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Technology
Tread Patterning - GDS technology is an advanced
and innovative manufacturing route in depositing
solid lubricants containing inorganic
graphene-like nanocomposite materials to engine
sliding components.
Low Pressure Gas Dynamic Spray Technology
Cylinder Liner/Bore
Laser Technology
Camshaft
Valve Guide
Tread Patterning
Dimples filled with Nanoparticle Solid Lubricant
Composite
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Nano-fragmentation
SEM of MoS2 (a) and WS2 nanoparticles obtained by
surface fragmentation
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Future State with Implementation Tread Patterning
- Cold Spray of Graphene-Like Solid Lubricant

• The implementation of the technology allows to
  increase the engine efficiency and benefit the
  environmental protection by
• Reduction of the fuel and the motor oil
  consumption
• Reduction of the exhaust emissions
• Reduction of the engine noise and the heat lost
  to the environment
• Reduction of the environmental contamination
  caused by the utilization of the used oil
• Elimination of the high polluting oil friction
  modifiers
• Increase of the engine operating life span and
  the service intervals
• Opens a new prospective for the development of an
  oil-less automotive power-train

TEM
Solid Lubricant Nanoparticles
C
AFM
C
C
C
Oil with Friction Modifiers
Oil-less
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Graphene-Like Nanoparticle Solid Lubricants for
Transmission
Tractor transmission
Planetary gearing as used in an automatic
transmission
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Thank you for attention