INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR QUALITY ASSURANCESTANDARDS IN MANUFACTURING IN NIGERIA'

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INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR QUALITY
ASSURANCE/STANDARDS IN MANUFACTURING IN
NIGERIA. 

• PRESENTED BY
• MARGARET E. ESHIETT (MRS.)
• DEPUTY DIRECTOR, QUALITY ASSURANCE DIRECTORATE,
  STANDARDS ORGANIZATION OF NIGERIA.
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INTRODUCTION

• It is indeed my pleasure to be invited to present
  a paper at the Techno-Expo 2009. I am informed
  that the theme of the biennial programme is
  Harnessing National Resources for National
  Development.
• It is an established fact that Nigeria is very
  much endowed with divers natural resources, much
  of which has not been harnessed and those that
  have been harnessed haven not been
  commercialized.
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INTRODUCTION CONTD.

•  The scarcity, frequent non- availability and
  prohibitive costs of imported raw materials,
  semi- finished and finished materials and the
  tendency of indigenous production to be
  inadequate in capacity and often of low quality
  are matters of concern to most governments in
  developing countries.

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• The Federal Governments objectives and
  strategies are very well elaborated in the
  industrial policy of the nation and are quite
  clear with respect to industrial development of
  technological skills and promotion of industrial
  research on Raw Materials.
• In the past it was a common knowledge the
  industries made little effort to look inwards for
  technological know how, process development, and
  even the use of local raw materials, but
  preference was to import everything for those
  economies that have experienced tremendous
  growth, their success have been attributed to
  sound and viable public private partnership.

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QUALITY ASSURANCE /STANDARDS IN MANUFACTURING

• QUALITY ASSURANCE
• Is the totality of all activities carried out to
  ensure that a product meets the stated or implied
  needs.
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• STANDARDS
• Standards are consensus documents that define the
  quality specifications and the methods by which
  the expectations of the consumers can be
  guaranteed and evaluated.
• Standards may be - Company Standards
• - National Standards
• - Regional Standards
• - International Standards

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• THE ROLE OF STANDARDS ORGANISATION OF NIGERIA
  (SON)
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• Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON)
  established by Decree NO 56 of 1971 and amended
  is charged with the statutory responsibility of
  establishing Standards (Nigeria Industrial
  Standards) for products in industries throughout
  the country and to ensure compliance with
  Governments Policy on Standardisation and
  monitoring of quality of products, (both locally
  manufactured and imported).

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• OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES OF SON
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• Advice the Federal Government of Nigeria on
  matters relating to Standards and Quality of
  Goods and Services.
• Develop appropriate Standards /Specifications for
  goods and services in Nigeria.
• Make inventory of products that required
  Standardization.
• Maintain the relevant Standards and related
  reference materials for public use.
• Ensure compliance established Standards.
• Educate Stakeholders on Standardization.
• Represent Nigeria at all levels of meetings on
  matters of Standardization.

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• SON APPLIES THE FOLLOWING STANDARDS
  IMPLEMENTATION METHODOLOGY TO ASSIST LOCAL AND
  INTERNATIONAL BUSINESSES.
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• - Development of Nigeria Industrial Standards
  (NIS) is carried out through Technical
  Committees of experts drawn from the relevant
  fields of specialization.
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• - Maintain a database of foreign National,
  Regional and International Standards etc.
• SON maintains a database (Perinom) of foreign
  National Standards e.g. Codex, ASTM, ISO, ARSO,
  IEC, CAC, ECOWAS.
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• - Conformity Assessment and certification
• Conformity Assessment and certification has
  become a panacea for achieving competence and
  acceptance at the international.

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• STANDARDIZATION- NECESSITY IN MANUFACTURING.
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• Standards and specifications are basic regulatory
  Instruments for ensuring quality control for both
  raw materials and finished products.
• Standards provide indispensable guidance to
  manufactures by specifying basic processes
  methods, test procedure, equipment and related
  useful data that could lead to manufacture of
  acceptable products.
• Provides basic for economic utilization of
  resources.
• Standardization translates research findings and
  inventions into useful inputs for manufacturing.

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• STANDARDIZATION- NECESSITY IN MANUFACTURING.
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• Standards and specifications are basic regulatory
  Instruments for ensuring quality control for both
  raw materials and finished products.
• Standards provide indispensable guidance to
  manufactures by specifying basic processes
  methods, test procedure, equipment and related
  useful data that could lead to manufacture of
  acceptable products.
• Provides basic for economic utilization of
  resources.
• Standardization translates research findings and
  inventions into useful inputs for manufacturing.

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• Manufacturers must demand for Standards from
  Standards Organisation in Nigeria.
• Manufacturers can also initiate Standards for SON
  to develop.

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• STANDARDIZATION
• Standardization is the activity concerned with
  formulating and applying rules for an orderly
  approach to a specific activity for the benefit
  and with co-operation of all concerned and in
  particular for the promotion of optimum overall
  economy, taking due consideration of functional
  conditions and safety requirements.
• Standardization as an activity involves
  Metrology, Standards elaboration, Testing and
  Quality Assurance (MSTQ). This essential activity
  is veston on Standards Orgnisation of Nigeria
  (SON), which has the statutory responsibility as
  the apex National body for Standardization, by
  Decree No 56 1971 and the amended Decree of 1990.

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• Standardization being a function of technological
  change is a dynamic subject which in essence
  implies that the development of Standards is also
  a dynamic process because Quality is a dynamic
  phenomenon which has no end.
• Expectations of stakeholders /consumers are
  usually published /define through Standardization
  procedures and are known as STANDARDS.

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• What are standards?
• Standards are documents established b consensors
  and approved by a recognized body in the case of
  Nigeria, (SON) that provides for common and
  repeated use, rules, guidelines, technical,
  specifications, definition of characteristic to
  ensure that materials, products, processes and
  services achieve optimum degree of order in a
  given context or for the desired purpose.

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• Standards Organization of Nigeria as part of its
  Standardization responsibilities, publishes
  Nigeria Industrial standards (NIS) on various
  categories of products (catalogue of NIS
  published Standards is available at SON Library,
  13/14 Victoria Arobike Street, off Admiralty way,
  Lekki peninsular (phase I, Lekki Lagos), No
  14A Missouri Street, Maitama Abuja and all SON
  Zonal and State Offices.

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• Standards Published by Standards Organization of
  Nigeria are categorized as follows
• (i) Product Standards, Codes of Practice, Test
  Methods
• (ii) Quality Management Systems Standards (ISO
  900 Standards) and Environmental Management
  System Standards (ISO 14000 Standards).

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• STANDARDIZATION ACTIVITIES OF SON
• Standardization Activities of SON are operational
  under these sections.
• - Civil and Building Section
• - Chemical Technology, Oil and gas Section
• - Electrical/Electronic Section
• - Food /Codex and Agro- allied Section-
• - Mechanical Section
• - Textile and Leather Section

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• PROCESS INVOLVED IN STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.
• (1) Nigeria Industrial Standards can either be
  developed based on research on local products.
• (2) Nigeria Standards can also be adopted from
  International Standards i.e. with certain
  modifications to suit our local conditions,
  environment and use.
• (3) Nigeria Industrial Standards can be adopted
  from international Standards i.e. without any
  modification/changes.
• (4) The Standards are circulated as Drafts for
  public comments to all relevant stakeholders.

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• (5) Technical Committee comprising researchers,
  manufacturers Importers, Consumers Associations,
  relevant Government Ministries/ Agencies meet to
  deliberate on the Draft Standards.
• (6) The Standards is then approved by the
  Standards council or the Minister for Commerce
  and Industries.

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• DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS AND THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
• Standards are set through specialized Technical
  Committees consisting of experts in the field of
  discovery drawn from the Government, research
  institutes, the academia Professional
  Institution, Consumer Organizations and
  Manufacturers of such products.
• The role of science in Standards setting cannot
  be over-emphasized as inputs from reach findings
  and data, form the bedrock of all standardization
  activities. In carrying out its Standardization
  activities in the section earlier elaborated, SON
  work in collaboration with the relevant Organs
  of Government, the universities, Research
  institutes, professional bodies etc to set up
  statutory Standards

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• Statutory Standards which define these needs are
  thus subject to periodic review. The needs of the
  stakeholders translated into measurable values in
  Standards, though not exhaustive include the
  following.
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• - Conformance /Conformity criteria
• - Performance criteria
• - Usability
• - Dependability (Availability, Reliability,
  Maintainability)
• - Safety
• - Environmental (National, Regional,
  International regulations)
• - Economics
• - Packaging /Aesthetics Requirements and Handling
  and Storage requirements.

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• Translation of these enumerated needs into
  requirements in Standards are on scientific
  basis.
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• Obviously, the challenges are enormous especially
  when considered in relation to available
  infrastructure influencing the translating of
  these needs into quality products.
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• The scarcity, frequent non-availability and
  prohibitive cost of imported raw materials, semi
  finished and finished materials and the tendency
  of indigenous production to be inadequate in
  capacity and often of low quality are matters of
  concern to most governments in developing
  countries. Science can come to the rescue through
  researching into this very area.

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• In Nigeria the concern has led the Federal
  Government to call on Nigeria Universities,
  Research institute and polytechnics to carry out
  basic researches into indigenous raw materials.
  The product of which can form the bedrock of our
  much desire economic and technological
  development.
• It is also to be noted that a lot of individuals,
  institutions and research centers have carried
  out various researches relating to product
  development and improvement, the results of which
  are not accessible to the government regulatory
  bodies.
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• It is pertinent to that Standards can be
  initiated by any stakeholders (the manufacturer,
  the researches, the consumer, etc)

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• In view of the above SON has partnered with the
  private sector in developing Standards of certain
  raw materials required in the manufacture of
  products e.g. gypsum used in cement. Hides and
  skin, various agricultural products.

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• CONCLUSION
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• Global economy is being controlled through
  industrialization, which is a prime factor for
  generating sustainable growth, providing
  employment and investment.
• SON has been working with the various research
  institutes and all relevant stakeholders to
  produce or review standards whenever the need
  arising.
• Industrialization can only be meaningful realized
  through honest and conscientious implementation
  of Standards, processes and systems.
• If Nigeria has to catch up with other industrial
  nations it must promote public private
  partnership by creating the enabling environment
  for it to thrive.