Ontario Association of Engineering Technicians and Technologists

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Ontario Association of Engineering
Techniciansand Technologists

• Earth Friendly
• Energy Technology

Grand Valley Chapter
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Energy

• Required to do WORK
• Cannot create energy
• Must convert it from one type to another

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Gravity

• Weapon

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Falling Water
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Drying in the sun
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Wind for transportation
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Foot Power
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Converting EnergyWater Wheel
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Converting EnergyWindmills
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Converting EnergyFoot Power
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Electricity
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Electricity
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Electricity
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Electricity
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Earth FriendlyElectricity Sources

• Water (Hydro) power
• Wind power
• Solar power

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Hydroelectric Power

• Renewable Energy
• Made from falling water
• Canada is the largest producer of hydroelectric
  power in the world!

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From water wheel to Hydropower
A large generating station under construction

• Grist Mills

Power small factories
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History of Hydroelectricity

• First station was Chaudiere Falls in 1881
• Niagara Falls
• Sir Adam Beck Generating Station

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The Water Cycle

• Water is always moving on earth. It evaporates
  from the lakes and oceans, forms clouds and rains
  or snows and then flows back into the oceans.

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So how does it work?

• Lets see how water makes electricity!

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• Water flows down a pipe or tunnel
• At the bottom of the tunnel is a large machine
  called a turbine.
• Rushing water hits the turbine and spins it.
• The turbine is connected to another machine
  called a generator.
• The generator has magnets and coiled copper wire
  in it. As the turbine spins, the magnets pass the
  coils forcing electrons along the copper wire
  creating electricity!

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The future of hydroelectric power

• The Niagara Tunnel - The future is here.
• Length of tunnel will be 10.4 km
• Diameter of tunnel will be 14.4 meters
• Big Becky is one of a kind
• Will create enough electricity for 160,000 homes
  for 90 years.

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• Electricity produced using the movement of air to
  turn turbines
• OR..
• Energy derived from kinetic energy of wind
• OR..
• Energy available from the movement of the wind
  across the land caused by the heating of the
  atmosphere, earth, and oceans by the sun??
• Theyre ALL true!!!

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• Warm air over the land rises

• Land heats up faster than water

Cool air over the water moves in
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• 900 years ago

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• 150 years ago.

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• Blades
• Rotor
• Pitch
• Brake
• Low-speed shaft
• Gearbox
• Generator
• Controller
• Anemometer
• Wind vane
• Nacelle
• High-speed shaft
• Yaw drive
• Yaw motor
• Tower

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• There are many places you can find wind turbines
  all over the world, even here in Ontario.
• Sault St Marie

20,000 football fields!!!!
40,000 HOMES!
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The Sun

• 1 million earths can fit inside the sun

millions of years for energy from the centre of
the sun to reach surface
8 minutes for the energy to get from the sun to
earth
gives off more energy in one second than people
have used since the beginning of time. ??
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The Sun

• Plants live because of sunlight

Animals eat the plants, we eat the animals
Plants make oxygen so that we can breath
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The Sun

• Produces nearly all of the heat on planet earth

Makes the wind blow and the ocean currents flow
Makes clouds, rain, snow, and all the weather on
our planet ??
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SOLAR ENERGY

• Light or heat that comes from the sun

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SOLAR ENERGY

• What gets you hot lying on the beach on a summer
  day?

What gets your car hot when its parked in the
sun with the windows closed?
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SOLAR ENERGY

• What powers your solar calculator?

What makes the giant solar panels on satellites
work?
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SOLAR ENERGY

• Solar energy has existed for five billion years,
  since the sun was born.

Ancient Greeks designed houses to avoid sunlight
in summer
Romans developed glass windows
in the 1700s someone in Europe figured out you
could make water boil by collecting the sun's
heat behind a few panes of glass.
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SOLAR ENERGY

• Two basic ways to use suns energy

• Heat things solar thermal energy

solar thermal energy
2. Turn sunlight into electricity
photovoltaics
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SOLAR THERMAL POWER
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PHOTOVOLTAICS

• Solar Electric Panels
• "Photo" means light and "voltaic" means
  electricity

Very thin wafers of silicon made in large factory
Sunlight hits top layer and drives electrons to
lower level
Moving electrons is electricity
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PHOTOVOLTAICS

• Large fields of panels

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Classroom exercises

• Sunny-side up Photovoltaic powered car

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Classroom exercises

• Bicycle power convertor

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Classroom exercises

• Bicycle power panel

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Classroom exercises

• Electronic Energy Meter

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Classroom exercises

• Pinwheels

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Classroom exercises

• Wind generator

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Ontario Association of Engineering
Techniciansand Technologists

• Earth Friendly
• Energy Technology

Grand Valley Chapter
50
Ontario Association of Engineering
Techniciansand Technologists

• Earth Friendly
• Energy Technology

Grand Valley Chapter
51
Ontario Association of Engineering
Techniciansand Technologists

• Earth Friendly
• Energy Technology

Grand Valley Chapter