Web 3.0

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Web 3.0
II

• explained with a stamp
• (English version)
• Part I the basics
• Part II techniques

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A presentation from Freek Bijl(Dutch) blog
Bijlbrand.nl
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Web 3.0 - the semantic web - is about the meaning
of data.
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This is a stamp
In 1980 you could buy this stamp for 1 cent
Now its worth 3 euros
This stamp is from the United Kingdom
This stamp is used between 1978 - 1981
The picture on the stamp is a PO Box
This stamp is designed by John Bryan Dunmore
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Why do we want to add meaning to data ?
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When a computer understands what data means, it
can do intelligent search, reasoning and
combining.
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This makes our live more easy.
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The next technologies are used to make a more
semantic web
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RDF XML URI SPARQL XDI XRI SWRL XFN OWL API OAUTH
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!

• Complicated

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An explanation with a stamp collection.
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Meaning is about understanding. To understand we
need a language. A language starts with words.
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Things mean something in words. Online, we
describe things with XML.
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• This is my stamp collection
• The first stamp is called Red dragon and is
  from China. It was made in the year 1984.
• The second stamp is called PO Box and is from
  England. It was made in the year 1992.
• lt .. etc gt

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• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"ISO-8859-1"?gt
• ltcollection nameMy stamp collection"gt
• ltstampgt
• lttitlegtRed dragonlt/titlegt
• ltcountrygtChinalt/countrygt
• ltyeargt1984lt/yeargt
• lt/stampgt
• ltstampgt
• lttitlegtPO Boxlt/titlegt
• ltcountrygtEnglandlt/countrygt
• ltyeargt1992lt/yeargt
• lt/stampgt
• lt/collectiongt

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We cant understand words alone. We also need
grammar. Online grammar is RDF (Resource
Description Framework).
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This stamp is from England.
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This stamp is from England.
predicate
object
subject
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With RDF Scheme we can define concepts and make
simple relations between them.
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This stamp is from England, hence from Europe.
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But, RDF scheme is limited. A language needs more
expression and logic to make good reasoning
possible. Thats why OWL (The Web Ontology
Language) was invented.
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Finally, to reason you need rules.
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I got this stamp from my uncle.
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brother
son of
mother or father
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• The rule for calling someone my uncle is that one
  of my parents has a brother.

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Rules are formulated in SWRL (Semantic Web Rule
Language).
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• ltrulemlimpgt
• ltruleml_rlab rulemlhref"example1"/gt
• ltruleml_bodygt
• ltswrlxindividualPropertyAtom
  swrlxproperty"hasParent"gt
• ltrulemlvargtx1lt/rulemlvargt
• ltrulemlvargtx2lt/rulemlvargt
• lt/swrlxindividualPropertyAtomgt
• ltswrlxindividualPropertyAtom
  swrlxproperty"hasBrother"gt
• ltrulemlvargtx2lt/rulemlvargt
• ltrulemlvargtx3lt/rulemlvargt
• lt/swrlxindividualPropertyAtomgt
• lt/ruleml_bodygt
• ltruleml_headgt
• ltswrlxindividualPropertyAtom
  swrlxproperty"hasUncle"gt
• ltrulemlvargtx1lt/rulemlvargt
• ltrulemlvargtx3lt/rulemlvargt
• lt/swrlxindividualPropertyAtomgt
• lt/ruleml_headgt
• lt/rulemlimpgt

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So,
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Words in XMLGrammar in RDF (scheme) and
OWLRules in SWRL
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There are a lot of things, that can be described
using standard formats.
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For example contact information.
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These things are described with microformats.

• hCard gt contacts
• hCalendar gt events
• hReview gt reviews
• hResume gt resumes
• XFN gt social networks (relation a friend or
  colleague)

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Suppose, I want to search for a specific stamp.
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I want all the red stamps, designed in Europe,
but used in the U.S.A., between 1980 and 1990
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We can use SPARQL (Protocol and RDF Query
Language).
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Because the web is decentralized and data is in
many places, not only language is important.
Exchange of data between different machines is
key.
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A database with stampsA database with
countriesA database with colorsA database with
stamp traders
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To make a connection a machine needs a source.
For this, we use resource identifiers. Best known
resource identifier is the URI (which consists of
a name (urn) and a location (url)).
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(No Transcript)
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Because URIs have international limitations and
the need for data-exchange between machines is
rapidly growing there is a successor XRI
(Extensible Resource Identifier)
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There is a standard for sharing, linking and
synchronizing data. This standard is called XDI
(XRI Data Interchange).
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With all this I am capable of using the power of
all different data resources on the web.
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But
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Data is protected. We need consent and a key to
gain acces.
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The key to certain data is described in an API
(an application programming interface).
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An open standard for accessing (authentication)
the API is OAuth.
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So,
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RDF XML URI SPARQL XDI XRI SWRL XFN OWL API OAUTH
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are now words with a meaning for you !
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.endMy (Dutch) blog http//www.bijlbrand.nl
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Most important references

• http//en.wikipedia.org/
• Presentation JeenBroekstra (Wageningen UR)