AI3 Indonesia Activity Report

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AI3 IndonesiaActivity Report

• AI3_at_ITB.ac.id

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Focus

• Existing Implemented Infrastructure.
• Experience in Building an AII.
• Low Cost Technology To Educate Indonesia.

Low cost is the real challenge
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Our situation

• Develop by University
• Implemented Run by Education Sector
• Thanks to AI3, WIDE, JCSAT without whom all of
  these activities never exists!

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Outline

• Historical Perspective
• Current Infrastructure.
• Brief overview on our research results in
• physical layer.
• Network layer.
• Application layer.

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Experience in Internet building

• January 1993 - Suryono (Texas) install a packet
  radio 1200bps to LAPAN.
• LAPAN 1200bps to BPPT Internet 64Kbps.
• 286 PC as gateway! to connect the whole ITB
  campus.
• Software NOS (running on DOS) as gateway.

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Indonesia Topology Jan.1993
Amateur Packet Radio AX.25 at 1200bps
Starts from simple equipment We grow the community
PC Gateway 286!
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ITB in 1995

• Telkom Leased Line at 14.4Kbps
• RISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps.
• ITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router Server.
• For the first time ITB sees Web in Internet.
• ITB learns to build a campus network (how to
  handle the lightning).

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Typical ITB Campus Net
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ITB Today ....

• T1 Satelite link to Japan.
• 2Mbps link to Indonesia IX.
• VSAT TDMA SCPC to various universities.
• 4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung.
• 128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya Malang.
• WaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).

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ITB Network Operation Center
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Connection to IIX via RadNet
Connect to 6 Universities
5 Universities / Research Inst
7 Universities via VSAT TDMA
SCPC Connect 3 Universities
gt 10 educational institutions
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Key to Success
Involving students in the process!
Gives incentives for education!
The more people the lower the cost

• Human Resource Development!
• Self-financing!
• Community-base development.

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National Policy / Activities

• AI3 Indonesia has been connecting 27 educational
  institutions to Internet.
• AI3 Indonesia is becoming a test bed for
  Indonesia AII.
• AI3 Indonesia actives at National NII policy
  level at http//n21.ac-id.net/

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Results in Physical Layer

• Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA.
• VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network.
• Low Cost Access for Schools.
• Internet Access for Amateur Radio

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VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC

• VSAT TDMA 128Kbps Outbound
• VSAT TDMA 64Kbps Inbound
• VSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet
  application (especially Web).
• Tune TDM for 40 byte (originally 256byte packet).
• Migrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.

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Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA

• Uses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card 915MHz 250mW.
• Run on FreeBSD.
• Homebrew antenna (cost US150).
• Max. distance 15km (use PA for more).
• Most of our high speed MAN using this technology.

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Consequences CDMA 2Mbps

• bypassing local line.
• We promote different alternative for building
  high speed network.

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Homebrew 64-256Kbps packet radio

• We are prototyping 64-256Kbps packet radio
  network in the lab by adnan_at_itb.ac.id.
• AX.25 link layer protocol is used.
• GMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used.
• We drive the modem via parallel port.
• MMIC Minicircuit is being build for transverter.

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Block Diagram
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Homebrew 64-200Kbps Modem
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TX RX BoardVHF CB Frequency
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Low Cost Access for Schools

• AX.25 1200bps Packet Radio Network.
• Proxy Server.
• Dial on Demand for Web Interactive Internet
  Access.

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IntraNet for High Schools
24 hours Packet Radio E-mail
Proxy Dial-on-Demand for Web on Demand
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Soundblaster Modem

• PC running Linux
• Software Modem Packet Radio for Soundblaster
• Connect SB-10 to Radio
• Speed 1200-9600bps.

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Amateur Radio Network

• Jakarta
• Bandung
• Malang

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AMPR.ORG NET
ITB GATEWAY
UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
YB2SV (JOS SOEJOSO) SALATIGA
ELEKTRINDO NUSANTARA
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Mobile Computing
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IPv6 Test Bed

• Background The Internet growth caused there
  is a need for new
• generation of IP (Internet Protocol)
• IPv6 Implementation using INRIA Rocquencourts
  IPv6 Implementation
• which based on FreeBSD (2.2.2-RELEASE and
  2.2.5-RELEASE)
• The participants are ITB, (Institut Teknologi
  Bandung), UNPAR
• (Universitas Parahyangan), and UNILA
  (Universitas Lampung)
• Next step
• Expand IPv6 Network in AI3-Indonesia Network
• Connect to 6Bone
• Develop IPv6 Applications

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Reachability

• IPv6 ping6 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e
  5
• trying to get source for 5f12bc00a7cd30002c02
  6fffeb049e5
• source should be 5f12bc00a7cd16000ffff01
• PING 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5
  (5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5) 56 data
  bytes
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq0 ttl255 time4.973 ms
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq1 ttl255 time5.359 ms
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq2 ttl255 time4.557 ms
• òC
• --- 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5 ping
  statistics ---
• 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0
  packet loss
• round-trip min/avg/max 4.557/4.963/5.359 ms

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ExotickA Single-User Network Operating System
Based

• By
• Joko Yuliantoro ltjky_at_itb.ac.idgt
• Computer Network Research Group ITB

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Traditional Kernel Design

• Full Hardware Abstraction.
• Centralized Resource Management.
• Protection Mechanism / Multiplexing Raw Hardware.

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Hardware Abstraction

• Large coverage to make it useful to all
  applications.
• Planned to accommodate all interfaces from
  application to hardware resources.
• Trapped in vast small details that make the
  abstraction composed of inefficient codes and
  routines.

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Impact on Kernel

• Large Kernel Size.
• Complex Algorithm.
• Unreliable.
• Inflexible.
• Hard global optimization since too many codes and
  routines are affected.

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Impact on Applications

• Inefficient.
• Complex Algorithm.
• Can not grealty improve the efficiency since many
  details have been hidden away from application.

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Exokernel Prototype Design

• Created and introduced by Dawson R. Engler and M.
  Frans Kaashoek from MIT in January 1995.
• Main principle is application should manage all
  physical resources.
• Exokernel should only manage resources to the
  extent required by protection.

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Exokernel Prototype Design

• Use distributed resource management.
• Exokernel concentrate on multiplexing raw
  hardware.

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Exotick

• A single-user network operating system based on
  Exokernel design.
• As a start, planned to be a simple TCP/IP router.
• Focus on
• Simple operation programming.
• Smaller kernel size.
• Fast response (real time).

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Exotick

• Use Assembler language for best size and speed
  fulfillment.
• Use Netwide Assembler (NASM) version 0.97 as the
  compiler and linker.

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Exoticks Feature

• 32-bit OS on Intels architecture.
• Preemptive multitasking.
• Flat memory model.
• Small kernel size.
• Fast response (real time).
• Plain text user interface.
• TCP/IP support.

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Exotick Project Status

• The project has been started since August 1998.
• The project will be completed by the end of 1998.

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Results in Network Layer

• Network Monitoring by ismail_at_cnrg.itb.ac.id.
• Monitor at http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
• Network Map
• Sample of traffic by protocol, port, etc.
• Graph of total traffic.

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Traffic Distribution Grapher

• Describes
• Comparison between Inbound and Outbound Traffic
• Traffic Distribution by Protocols
• The Most Active Routers/Hosts by Protocols
• Daily Usage Trend for some Protocols
• Weekly Protocol Usage Trend

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TDG
URL http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
Host
In vs Out
Protokol
Trend
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Benefits

• Behaviour of the users in ITB (AI3)
• Subjects of interest
• Sites to be visited
• The rush hours
• Most actives computer/host
• Planning the traffic routing, firewalling, etc.

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Network Monitoring

• Scotty Map Generator

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Scotty monitor
Connectivity monitoring
Interface utility monitoring
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Web screen
Scotty monitor
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http//netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Text Map
Web screen
Timeout alarm
E-mail to Administrator
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http//netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Web screen
Interface Utility Report
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Results

• Reconfiguration of VSAT TDMA interface speed for
  better performance.
• Monitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link performance.
  
• To Lembong 99.525
• To Surabaya 85.523
• To Malang 86.282

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System Platform

• Pentium 100
• 16 MB RAM
• 2,1 GB Hard disk
• Operating System FreeBSD
• Main Software Scotty/Tkined (FreeWare) and
  TCPDUMP.
• Under Xfree86 Windows

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Results in Application Layer

• Mailing Lists
• English Technical Writting Course distance
  learning test bed.
• Cache Cache Monitoring.
• MPEG-3 Test Bed.
• RealPublisher NetShow test bed.

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Cache

• ITB has set several Parents cache.
• Cache person is husni_at_itb.ac.id
• We cache all of our Web traffic.
• check out http//www.lp.itb.ac.id/cacher/

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HTTP-Cache What

• Use of Proxy Server
• Previously fetched WWW objects are stored in
  Proxy Server
• Proxy Server gives cached WWW object instead of
  fetches it from WWW server
• Use of non-persistent caching

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HTTP-Cache Why

• Web is the most popular application on The Net
• Web traffic in byte is about 40
• WAN link get congested
• Most WWW objects are static

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HTTP-Cache Facts

• HTTP-Cache reduces WAN traffic
• More Effective than Server mirror

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Cache Hierarchy

• Cache-Server mesh
• Collaborates using parent-sibling relationship
• Sibling fetches WWW-object only if it is found
  in local cache
• Parent always fetches requested WWW-object

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Cache Hierarchy at ITB Network
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Cache Usage Monitoring

• Log files
• Daily statistics
• Web-based report

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Cache stats ns1.itb.ac.id
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Cache stats ns2.itb.ac.id
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Cache Hit Rate
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Results

• Over 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a normal
  work-day
• Over 400Mbytes transferred data at a weekend-day
• Reduces upto 19 in HTTP traffic

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Typical Cache Results

• Hit requests 53.90
• Hit bytes 38.79
• Total requests 406.473
• Total successfull requests 406.473
• Average requests /day 695.980
• Total bytes 582.499.684
• Average bytes / day 997.383.525

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Mailing Lists

• Uses majordomo on FreeBSD
• Run on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb RAM.
• More than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more than
  75 Indonesian mailing lists).
• More than 10.000 subscribers.
• We are trying to build the community in Indonesia.

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Distance Learning

• ITBs Server
• http//distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
• http//virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
• http//InformationTechnology.ee.itb.ac.id/

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Test Bed Library Network

• Pustakawan_at_itb.ac.id
• library_at_itb.ac.id
• cnrg_at_itb.ac.id

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Large Selection of Catalog
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Search Result
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Java Working Group

• Lead by team4_at_students.ee.itb.ac.id, namely
  Fira, Raka cs.
• Their Page is
• http//students.ee.itb.ac.id/team4/laporan/

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Video Conference

• 25 October 1997 1400 Indonesia Time.
• Three Cities Bandung-Surabaya-Malang
• CU-SeeMe Its Reflector.
• Aiming for high school network in Indonesia.
• July 1997 Panel Discussion on the future of
  higher education (UNU).

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Video on Demand

• Supported by Microsoft Progressive Network
  Tools.
• Splitter for UNFCC COP3 December 1997.
• Publisher for ITBs Alumny Congress December
  1997.

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AI3 Indonesia Member Activities

• YWCN Malang, Surabaya, Denpasar.
• UNPAR (University of Parahyangan Bandung)
• UNILA (University of Lampung).

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Yayasan Widya Caraka Nusantara (YWCN)
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Vision Making the knowledge more accesible
Mission building the most efficient way
the information network for education community
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Mission implementation . Regional Network
Distribution Center for AI3-Indonesia in East
Java, Bali and Jakarta. Junction for the
education and research computer network within
the all area of our operation . Internet
socialization for education and research
community. Develop the Indonesian Internet
information contents
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Socialization program(encouraging demand of the
Internet for education)

• Scientific seminar
• Guest lecturing
• Internet Education panel discussion
• Study group gt 30 active members
• Technology exhibition
• Internet Talk show programme 97-now

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Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (1)

• Dedicated connection
• . 8 education institution ( gt 2000 users)
• Non dedicated connection (dial up lines )
• . Lecturers 120
• Teachers 75
• Students 200

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Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (2)

• Faculty of Economics University Brawijaya -
  Malang
• FTI - ITS - Surabaya
• The State University of Malang (in progress)
• STIE Malang Kucecwara
• University of Bhayangkara - Surabaya
• St.Albertus High School - Malang
• WISH/BTC - Malang
• University of Muhammadiyah Malang
• Polytechnic ITS Surabaya

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Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (3)

• Hosting for the information contents of education
  and research institutes
• - www and mailing list
• Joint forces for internet education and training
  programme

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Equipment

• 18 x PC based server
• 2 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 mbps hub
• 2 x Access Server Telematic
• Total Storage Capacity 100 GigaByte
• 6 x Cisco Router
• 4 x _at_ 16 dial in port

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Bandwidth

• Surabaya/Malang - AI3 Indonesia Gateway (ITB
  Bandung) 256 kbps
• Surabaya/Malang - Indosat (backup link)
• 64 kbps

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Applied Research Activities

• Wireless Network
• Internet application for education
• Network operating system integration
• Network Management

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video
Conferencing Oct 97 (1)

• Link to
• Malang Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps
  wireless CDMA)
• . YWCN Malang NOC
• . St. Albertus High School
• . FM 102 Broadcasting Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• Surabaya Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps
  wireless CDMA)
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC
• . Campus of FTI-ITS Surabaya
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• Bandung (AI3-ITB) Indonesia gateway
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• INTERCITY CONNECTED BY LEASED LINE 2 x 128 kbps

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video
Conferencing Oct 97 (2)

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC (local center hub)
• . St. Albertus High School Malang (venue of
  video conference)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• . FTI-ITS Surabaya (venue of video conference)
• . AI3-ITB Bandung (venue of video conference)
• CuSeeMe Reflector at AI3-ITB Bandung
• . Reflecting all client on all venue and radio
  station

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting Dec 97

• Were doing this test during Panel Discussion of
• Malang Internet Academic Network
• The panel discussion was broadcasting live
  simultanously to the Internet (video and audio)
  and to the FM radio band (audio only)
• Installed equipment on this test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at STIE
  Malang Kucecwara (venue)

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting (2)

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at STIE
  Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• Archive (indonesian) of this panel discussion can
  be reached at
• http//www.ywcn.or.id/diskusi.html

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting during AI3 Indonesia 1st Annual
MeetingSurabaya - June 1998

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . Venue in Widya Mandala University campus -
  Surabaya
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at Widya
  Mandala University campus

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- Research -Currently work in progress

• Building Electronic Commerce
• . Collaboration with some universities and
  private sector
• . Collaboration with Internet and Computer
  Network Study Group
• Combining Internet/Online Marketing and
  International Marketing
• . Collaboration with Internet and Computer
  Network Study Group
• . http//www,ywcn.or.id/inmark/
• Using various low power Wireless CDMA for long
  distance carrier
• Bandwidth optimization and
• network management on Ethernet Network

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University of Lampung (UNILA)
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University of Lampungs Website
Library and Research Information
Exchange Increasing human resources
qualification Ready to be AI3 gateway for
educational institutions in Sumatra

• BBS Unilanet
• University of Lampung

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Unilas Websiteoffers us about

• General Information of University of Lampung
• Journals and Research Report from some faculties
  and department
• Institutions in Unila and their purposes
• Students Activities Information
• Other Activities about science and technology,
  nature conservation, and hobbies
• Relationship and cooperation with other
  universities in education development project

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Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Agrotropika- contains of analysis and
  research in agronomy

• Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics -
  about social and agricultural economics

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Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Komunitas- concern about social
  politics and cultural issues.

• Journal of Tropical Soils- offers observations
  and research about tropical soils

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Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Science and Technology- all about
  research reports of math, natural
  science, and technological
  implementations

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Interests

• Wetlands International Indonesia Program- It is
  a part of a global organization which the
  mission is To sustain and restore wetlands,
  their resources and bio-diversity for future
  generations through research, information
  exchange, and conservation activities

• Kite Aerial Photography- shows the information
  about an implementation of aerodynamics
  technology in aerial photography using kites, how
  to get clearer aerial images with minimum cost.

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University of Lampung in a Search Engine

• University of Lampung do participating in the
  global information exchanges

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University of Parahyangan
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UNPAR

• 176 student users (http//student.unpar.ac.id/cgi-
  bin/userlist)
• 348 university staff users (http//home.unpar.ac.i
  d/cgi-bin/userlist)

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UNPAR Traffic

• From our statistics with SNMP in our router
  (maingtw) showing number of data go out greater
  than data go in (http//www2.unpar.ac.id/traffic/)
  .

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UNPAR Activities

• Developing software from public sources (free
  software).
• User Training
• Searching information for research.
• Mailing List / Discussions Platform
• UNPAR Web at (http//www.unpar.ac.id/)
• Collect and publish alumni data.

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Summary

• ITB has managed to integrate 20 educational
  institutions to Internet.
• Major IT used
• 2Mbps CDMA Network.
• Web based distance learning.
• Real Publisher / Microsoft NetShow.
• Key to success
• Mass Qualified Human Resource

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References

• http//ai3.itb.ac.id/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/yc1dav/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/cnrg/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/adnan/
• http//distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
• http//virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
• http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
• http//nic.itb.ac.id/

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