National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble, France

1
National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble,
France Power Engineering Laboratory of Grenoble

Critical Infrastructures International
Conference, Grenoble 2004
2
Power Systems Performance Control
objective
power system security
responsibility
system operators
tools
ancillary services
double checking
performance control
Ancillary services from generation

• Reactive power and voltage control
• Active power and frequency control
• Network stability

3
Static and Dynamic Performances
X
Overshot
Steady state
Specified band
Slope variation
Dead band
time
Transient phenomena

• Active power reserve
• Reactive power reserve
• Other special parameters

4
Q V Performance Control
Ifd

V
Power grid
Efd
Efdmax

Controller
-
Efdmin
V0
AVR
5
Q V Performance Control
Q reserves
AVR output limitations
Efdmax
Efd Ifd
Efd
AVR
Efdmin
Ifd const Q
6
Q V Performance Control
Q scheduled reserve
Q operational reserve
7
P f Performance Control
Freq 50/60 Hz Pintercon Pscheduled
 Optimal power flow 
8
P f Performance Control
a) Primary frequency control
9
P f Performance Control
a) Primary frequency control
10
P-f performance control
b) Secondary frequency control
11
Network stability services
PSS
security
PSS damping ratio
KPSS
IPP
12
Conclusions

• Performances linked to ancillary services
• Performance control parameter
• All the performances are controlled empirically
  only by on-site no relevant measurements
• No systematic performance control method

13
National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble,
France Power Engineering Laboratory of Grenoble

Critical Infrastructures International
Conference, Grenoble 2004
14
P f Performance Control
15
P f Performance Control
Secondary frequency control device
specified power
gover
?0

?
gover
gover
?0


P
gover
?0
gover



?0
gover