SensIT Sensor Information Technology

1
SensITSensor Information Technology

• Yong Sheng
• Xiaodong Zhou
• Qianqian Fang

2
List of Content

• Background Application
• Technical Challenges
• Design Ideas
• Approach
• Current Research Areas
• Compare SensIT with JBI Cooltown
• Details 1 Xiaodong Zhou (Monday)
• Details 2- Qianqian Fang (Wednesday)

3
Background

• DAPRA sponsored program
• Networked micro-sensors
• Cheap, smart, re-programmable, small sensors
• Network sensors through wireless link
• Deployable in large numbers
• The binding between physical world and
  cyberspace
• Today human input or computer generated data
• With SensIT continuous streams of real-world
  physical data

4
SensIT Visioneering Video
Around 6 minutes
5
Again What is SensIT?

• Embed numerous distributed sensor to monitor and
  interact with physical world
• Exploit spatially and temporally dense, in situ,
  sensing and actuation

• Network these devices so that they can
  coordinate to perform higher-level tasks.
• Requires robust distributed systems of hundreds
  or thousands of devices.

6

• Applications
• Military
• Battlefield surveillance
• Reconnaissance
• Targeting
• Scientific
• Ecosystems monitoring
• Seismic Structure Response
• Engineering
• Home/Building

Sensor networks will reveal previously
unobservable phenomena
7
Key Technologies
8
Challenges

• Robust distributed system of very large numbers
  of sensors
• Unattended autonomous device
• Adaptivity to environment and task dynamics
• Tightly coupled to the physical world.
• Energy Constrains Communication is primary
  consumer of energy

9
Design Ideas

• Long-lived systems that can be unattended
• Exploit redundancy
• Tiered architectures (mix of form/energy factors)
• Self configuring systems that can be deployed ad
  hoc
• Measure and adapt to unpredictable environment

10
Tiered architectures
Normal Sensors (Level 0)
Cluster Header (Level 1)
Disabled (damaged or Depleted) sensors
Object being detected
11
Intrinsic Features

• Intrinsic features of sensor network
• Data-Centric
• Used to What is the temperature at sensor 33?
• Now Where are nodes whose temperature recently
  exceeded 100 degrees?
• Application-Specific
• Sensor Network ! IP Ad hoc
• The network is the Sensor

12
Why IP ad hoc doesnt work?

• Internet routes data using IP Addresses in
  Packets and Lookup tables in routers
• Humans get data by naming data to a search
  engine
• Many levels of indirection between name and IP
  address
• Works well for the Internet, and for support of
  Person-to-Person communication
• Embedded, energy-constrained (un-tethered,
  small-form-factor), unattended systems cant
  tolerate communication overhead of indirection

13
Approach

• Leverage data processing inside the network
• Exploit computation near data to reduce
  communication
• Achieve desired global behavior with adaptive
  localized algorithms (i.e., do not rely on global
  interaction or information)
• Dynamic, messy (hard to model), environments
  preclude pre-configured behavior
• Cant afford to extract dynamic state information
  needed for centralized control or even
  Internet-style distributed control

14
Current Research Areas

• Large Scale Sensor Network
• Sensor-ware
• Collaborative Signal Processing
• Inter-networked fixed and mobile sensors

15
Large Scale Sensor Network

• Investigate and implement diffusion-based
  approaches to achieve scalable, self-assembly,
  zero-configuration networks
• Data delivery paths low latency, flexible,
  efficient and resource optimized.
• Characterize the relationship between
• Density and size, latency and survivability

16
Sensorware

• Declarative tasking or querying language
• Micro dynamic database
• Support distributed storage of, access to,
  information in a dynamic sensor network
• Move data and code to resource-efficient points
  for processing.
• Common operating environment
• Scheduling and controlling sensors and wireless
  device
• Loading new programs and parameters
• Managing power, bandwidth and processing

17
Collaborative Signal Processing

• Distributed, flexible and anytime algorithms
  for signal processing
• Application-specific detection, identification,
  tracking, etc.
• Requirements
• Energy efficient
• Accurate

18
Inter-networked fixed and mobile sensors

• Mobile nodes entry and exit
• Resource and service discovery
• Task-based connectivity
• Multiple simultaneous missions

19
Compare SensIT with JBI and Cooltown

• Similarities
• Exploit wireless communication
• Small and smart device
• Differences
• Application fields
• Network architecture
• Ideas

20
Application fields

• Cooltown
• Business, Personal oriented
• Use devices like PDA/Mobile phone/Watch with
  friendly user interface.
• JBI
• Military battlefield information gathering,
  processing and decision-making supporting
• Both user-friendly and physical sensing device.
• SensIT
• Military, scientific, engineering, home, ,
  almost every field but never orienting to
  customer directly
• Unattended device, dangerous or inaccessible
  environment.

21
Network Architecture

• Cooltown
• Inherit the traditional Internet and WWW
  architecture, enhanced with wireless technology.
• JBI
• Information is gathered distributed, but stored
  and processed in the central server.
• Publish-subscribe mechanism, one of the
  message-oriented architectures.
• SensIT
• Eventually distributed network in network
  storage, processing,
• Achieve global objective by localized operation.
• Named data is diffusing in the network and
  directed to interested user.

22
Ideas

• Cooltown
• Exploit networked wireless device to facilitate
  interpersonally communication.
• Many innovative services based on traditional WWW
  technology and client-server architecture.
• JBI
• A huge integrated system, many matured
  technologies are integrated together.
• Original Ideas? (Im not very familiar with JBI)
• SensIT
• Totally new concept The network is the sensor

23
Reference

• DARPA SensIT Program
• http//dtsn.darpa.mil/ixo/sensit.asp
• Deborah Estrins homepage
• http//lecs.cs.ucla.edu/estrin
• I borrowed many concepts and ideas from her.
• JBI
• http//www.rl.af.mil/programs/jbi/overview.cfm
• Cooltown
• http//www.cooltown.hp.com/cooltownhome