Part I' Total Energy in the United States

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Part I.Total Energy in the United States
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U.S. Total Energy Consumption by Source
(Quadrillion BTU)
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Oil
30
Nat Gas
Hydro
20
Coal
Nuclear Electric
10
Wood
1800
1900
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Total Energy Production by Source for 2000
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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Energy Consumption by End Use
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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EIA Energy Projections to 2020
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions EIA Energy in the
United States 1635-2000
Kyoto (dead, but only treaty of reference) U.S.
would cut 7 from 1990 levels for 2005-2012
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Part II. Electricity in the United States
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Electricity Flow 2002(Quadrillion Btu)EIA
Annual Energy Review 2002
Coal
Conversion Loss
Nat Gas
Oil
Residential
Nuke
Commercial
Renewables
Industrial
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Where Does It Come From?
In Midwest (MAPP)
In U.S.
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Where Does It Go?1950-2000Electric Utility
Retail Sales by Sector
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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How Does It Get To Us?
480-3000V
60,000-600,000V
120 V
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North Midwest Transmission Controlled by MAPP
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Capacity and Transmission Need to Keep up with
Peak Demand
Generation Capacity (MW)
Peak Demand (MW)
Transmission Circuit Miles
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Capacity and Transmission Need to Keep up with
Peak Demand
MAPP Status Quo Projections
Generation Capacity (MW)
Peak Demand (MW)
Transmission Circuit Miles
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Part III.Coal
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Part III.Coal
Where It's From
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Coal Formed by Swamp-Sea Cycle
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Coal Predates Reptiles


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Types of Coal
Two Types of
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Half hard coal, half soft coal
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3 Regions of U.S. Coal Production
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East,Internal steady.West increasing
production
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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2 kinds of coal miningWest U.S mostly surface
mining
EIA Energy in the United States 1635-2000
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Strip (Surface) Mining
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Strip (Surface) Mining
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Dragline scraper
Note scale
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Powder River Basin --Source of Prairie Creek
Generating Station gets coal.www.enermap.com/sli
des/animation.html
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Underground mining
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Underground mining
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Part III.Coal
The Problems
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11 heavy metals in Coal regulated by Clean Air Act
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Mercury5.8 ug/L limit300,000 babies/yr exceed
limit1 in 6 childbearing women exceed limit
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Our own Backyard 1/3 of airborne Hg is from our
own region Half that is from coal power plants
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Other Hg emission sources have been reduced
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Part III.Coal
The Benefits
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Coal consumption by Sector
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Delivered Coal Prices by Sector
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Part IV. The Physics of Electricity Generation
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invented transformer, discovered benzene,
pioneered quantitative electrolysis,
Michael Faraday (British) 1791-1867
1831 tied with Joseph Henry to discover magnetic
induction. Faradays Law becomes one of the
four Maxwell Equations of Electromagnetism1873
James Maxwell unites electromagnetism
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Steam Turbine Plus Generator
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Inside the Steam Turbine
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AC Generator has coil turning inside permanent
magnet
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Magnetic Fieldsloop around electric currents and
around permanent magnets
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Magnetic flux FBtells amount of field passing
through a surface
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Changing magnetic flux creates electric field
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