Planning for Public Transport ??????

1
Planning for Public Transport??????
Module 4 Urban Transport Planning ?????????

• Richard Scurfield ??? . ???
• The World Bank ????

2
Organization of the Presentation

• Role of public transport in the city
• Choosing the core mode of mass transit
• Ownership and management of bus services
• Public transport regulation
• Providing essential infrastructure for buses
• How to promote better public transport in China?

3
Role of Public Transport

• Public transit is part of the transport
  solution for all cities
• The motorized mode of transport for the majority
• Planning for public transport services is
  essential
• Must integrate public transport with land-use
  plans
• Provision of good public transport can be
  expensive, capital and operating costs

4
Choosing a Core Mode of Mass Transit

• Most cities will continue to rely on buses
• In cities of more than 5 million there is likely
  to be an economic case for a railway
• However, what can each city afford?
• What the competing uses for scarce resources?
• Are basic welfare services available?
• Rail-based systems are expensive
• A very few cities cannot afford NOT to have one
• N.B. in only a very few mega-cities do more
  people ride rail based modes than road based
  modes

5
Investment Planning for New Systems

• Difficult to balance technical and political
  pressures
• Most studies over-state patronage, and
  under-state costs
• Less costly options must be evaluated, bus rapid
  transit, traditional bus systems
• Segregated transit systems need to be integrated
  into urban development plans

6
Ownership of Bus Services

• Public ownership remains common in Europe, USA,
  India and China
• Private ownership is most common in Africa, Latin
  America, SE Asia, UK
• Privately operated services are more efficient,
  less costly, more responsive
• China should consider slowly taking advantage of
  the benefits of private ownership of services

7
Regulation of bus services

• Urban bus services need to be regulated
• On-road competition can be costly (congestion and
  environmental costs)
• Effective and efficient regulation is more
  difficult than ownership
• Must separated ownership and regulatory function
• Requires an effective and transparent regulatory
  framework

8
Providing Infrastructure for Buses

• Buses use roads as their track
• Buses need special facilities
• Terminals, stops
• Allocated road spacebus priority facilities
• Bus Rapid Transit (e.g. Curitiba, Bogata)
• Cheap form of mass transit
• Extreme form of bus priority
• Needs good planning
• Good planning, management, enforcement of road
  use is essential

9
How to promote better public transport in China?

• Bus systems will remain the core mode in most
  cities for the foreseeable future
• Rail systems should only be planned and built
  after extensive studies
• Improve the efficiency of enterprises through
  commercialization
• Separate the roles of operators and regulators
• Find a greater role for the private sector
• Must manage roads to assist transit