Web Accessibility Initative (WAI)

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Web Accessibility Initative (WAI)

• Flere akronymer.

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Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

• Et sett med prinsipper og krav for
  tilgjengelighet på nett.
• WCAG 1.0
• HTML-spesifik
• Guidelines gt Checkpoints gt Techniques
• WCAG 2.0
• Working draft
• Teknologiuavhengig
• Level 1-3 conformance criteria
• Principles gt Guidelines gt Criteria gt Techniques

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WCAG 1.0

1. Provide equivalent alternatives to auditory and
   visual content.
2. Don't rely on color alone.
3. Use markup and style sheets and do so properly.
4. Clarify natural language usage
5. Create tables that transform gracefully.
6. Ensure that pages featuring new technologies
   transform gracefully.
7. Ensure user control of time-sensitive content
   changes.
8. Ensure direct accessibility of embedded user
   interfaces.
9. Design for device-independence.
10. Use interim solutions.
11. Use W3C technologies and guidelines.
12. Provide context and orientation information.
13. Provide clear navigation mechanisms.
14. Ensure that documents are clear and simple.

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WCAG 2.0 Working Draft Fire prinsipper

• Content must be perceivable
• Innholdet skal presenteres slik at det kan bli
  oppfattet av alle brukere.
• Interface elements in the content must be
  operable.
• Grensesnittelementene skal kunne anvendes av alle
  brukere
• Content and controls must be understandable.
• Det skal være lett å forstå innhold og
  grensesnittelementer (controls)
• Content must be robust enough to work with
  current and future technologies.
• Innholdet skal fungere bra med dagens og
  fremtidlige teknologier.

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Hvorfor WAI? Fra W3C

• Someone who cannot hear well will want a visual
  representation of information presented via
  sound.
• Someone who cannot see well will want to hear or
  feel (via braille or tactile graphics) an
  equivalent of the visual information.
• Someone who does not have the strength to move
  quickly or easily will want to use as little
  movement as possible and have as much time as
  they need when operating Web interfaces.
• Someone who does not read well may want to hear
  the information read aloud.

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Prinsipp 1 Percievable

• Provide text alternatives for all non-text
  content.
• Alternate text, labels
• Provide synchronized alternatives for multimedia.
• Alternativer til animasjoner, og lignende
• Ensure that information, functionality and
  structure can be separated from presentation.
• Bruk HTML og CSS riktig.
• Make it easy to distinguish foreground
  information from background images or sounds.
• Gode kontraster

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Prinsipp 2. Operable

• Make all functionality operable via a keyboard
  interface.
• Tastaturnavigasjon accesskey, tabindex.
• Allow users to control time limits on their
  reading or interaction.
• Unngå automatisk scrolling.
• Allow users to avoid content that could cause
  seizures due to photosensitivity.
• Unngå ltblinkgt og syke animasjoner.
• Provide mechanisms to help users find content,
  orient themselves within it, and navigate through
  it.
• Navigasjonsstruktur, labels
• Help users avoid mistakes and make it easy to
  correct them.
• Site-design og flyt. Validering av form-verdier.

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Prinsipp 3 Understandable

• Make text content readable and understandable.
• Språkangivelse, forklaringer av akronymer,
  link-titler og tekst.
• Make the placement and functionality of content
  predictable.
• Konsistens i layout og navigasjonsstruktur.

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Prinsipp 4 Robust

• Use technologies according to specification.
• Valider sidene.
• Ensure that user interfaces are accessible or
  provide an accessible alternative(s).
• The way out

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Tips i HTML

• Bruk idattributtet sammen med div for å gruppere
  og identifisere viktige komponenter i siden
• ltdiv idheadergt
• ltul idmainMenugt
• ltligtlt/ligt
• lt/ulgt
• lt/divgt
• Bruk title-attributtet på linker.
• Bruk lang-attributtet på diverse elementer.
• Bruk label-elementer og ider i forms.
• ltpgt
• ltlabel fornamefieldgtNavnlt/labelgt
• ltinput idnameField
• typetext namename/gt
• lt/pgt
• Bruk fieldset og legend i forms til å gruppere
  kontroller.
• Bruk accesskey (også for linker) og tabindex til
  å definere tastaturnavigasjon.
• Lag god navigasjonsstruktur. Les pensumboka.

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Ressurser

• WAI
• http//www.w3.org/WAI/
• WCAG 2.0 Working draft
• http//www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/
• WCAG 1.0 Recommendation
• http//www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/
• HTML-forms
• http//www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html
• WebXACT validation service
• http//webxact.watchfire.com/

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Ukas kulturelle innslag

• Mai, mai, mai Delaila
• WAI, WAI, WAI, Delaila.
• ler litt nervøst.
• går og skammer seg.