Causes of Parkinsons Disease:

1
Causes of Parkinsons Disease

• Can be sporadic (non-familial) or familial.
• 95 of all cases are sporadic.
• Sporadic and familial cases are similar, but have
  some differences
• Onset is earlier in familial cases.
• Genes a-sycnuclein and parkin are only involved
  in familial cases.

2
Causes of Parkinsons Disease

• Genetic factors
• Alpha-synuclein-
• Gene involved in synaptic plasticity, transport
  of fatty acids and the regulation of the release
  of Dopamine.
• Causes the synaptic vesicles to become permeable,
  which causes dopamine to leak into cytoplasm
  intead on synapse.
• This causes cell death, as dopamine is not
  supposed to enter the cytoplasm.

3
Causes of Parkinsons Disease

• Genetic factors
• 2. Parkin-
• Mutation in recessive form of PD.
• Here, the substantia nigra neurons degenerate.
  Lewy bodies are not always involved in this
  degeneration.
• Usually occurs at 30
• Involved in familial and sporadic cases.

4
Causes of Parkinsons Disease

• Environmental factors-
• Exposure to toxins, such as
• MPTP A neurotoxic contaiminant oh heroin.
• Agricultural chemicals
• -ParaquatA herbicide.
• -RotenoneAn insectiside.