Chapter 1 The Geographers World

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Chapter 1 The Geographers World

• I. Geographers look at the world

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I. Geographers look at the world

• A. The 5 themes of geography

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A. Themes of geography

• Location - tells where a place is on the surface
  of the Earth

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A. Themes of geography

• Location
• Absolute location (site) - a precise place, the
  exact spot where something is found

1101 Bastogne Avenue, Ft. Campbell, KY 36 40' N
87 29' W
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A. Themes of geography

• Location
• Relative location (situation) - the position of
  a place in relation to other places

High School
XX
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A. Themes of geography

• Place
• Special characteristics make every place
  different from other places

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A. Themes of geography

• Place
• Can be described in terms of its physical
  characteristics land features, weather, plants,
  and animals

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A. Themes of geography

• Place
• Can be described in terms of its human
  characteristics peoples, cultures, ideas

Hotel in Yosemite National Park
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A. Themes of geography

• Human-environment interaction
• How people and the environment interact

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A. Themes of geography

• Human-environment interaction
• How people adapt to or change their environment

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A. Themes of geography

• Movement
• People, goods, and ideas move continuously -
  also known as spatial interaction

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A. Themes of geography

• Movement
• People meet their needs by traveling or trading

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A. Themes of geography

• Movement
• As the amount of movement and kinds of
  transportation change, so do other geographic
  features

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A. Themes of geography

• Region
• An area defined by common characteristics

Tuareg village in the Sahel
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A. Themes of geography

• Region
• Regions can be defined by more than one
  characteristic

Climate Religion Language
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A. Themes of geography

• Regions can be either formal or functional

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A. Themes of geography

• A formal region is an area in which a certain
• characteristic is found

Bible Belt
Corn Belt
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A. Themes of geography

• A functional region is a central place and the
• surrounding places affected by it

New York Metropolitan Area
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B. Geographers help in many ways

• Help solve world problems such as
• drought or flooding

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B. Geographers help in many ways

• Help solve world problems such as
• air, land, and water pollution

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B. Geographers help in many ways

• Help solve world problems such as
• environmental degradation

Bird's eye view of environmental degradation in
Madagascar
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II. The Wide World of Geography

• A. Branches of geography

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A. Branches of geography

• Human geography -
• The study of how people and their activities
  vary from place to place

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A. Branches of geography

• Human geography -
• Includes political, economic, and cultural
  factors

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A. Branches of geography

• Physical geography
• The study of how Earths natural features vary
  from place to place

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A. Branches of geography

• Physical geography
• Includes the study of landforms, weather and
  climates, and plants and animals

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B. Geography as a profession

• Cartography
• Branch that studies maps and the art of
  mapmaking

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B. Geography as a profession

• Cartography
• Computers have revolutionized map production

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B. Geography as a profession

• Cartography
• The U.S. Geological Survey is largest employer
  of cartographers

USGS Cartographer using stereoplotter to make a
topographic map
USGS cartographer measuring elevation
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B. Geography as a profession

• Cartography
• The USGS produces all topographic maps for the
  US

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B. Geography as a profession

• Meteorology
• Field of geography that specializes in weather
  and weather forecasting

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B. Geography as a profession

• Meteorology
• The TV weather person is a meteorologist

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B. Geography as a profession

• Applied geography
• Researchers map and analyze environmental
  data

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B. Geography as a profession

• Applied geography
• Environmental managers that suggest land usage
  or investigate misuse

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B. Geography as a profession

• Applied geography
• Geographers help determine locations for new
  stores, airline or truck routes, or to identify
  new markets

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B. Geography as a profession

• Teaching geography
• Geographic knowledge is necessary for good
  citizenship

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B. Geography as a profession

• Teaching geography
• Geography teachers help develop an informed and
  aware public