Mobile Computing

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Mobile Computing

• Seonho Kim
• Nithiwat Kampanya
• Christopher D. Catanzaro
• Ghada Abdelmoumin

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• Features
• Form Factor (size of device)
• Screen Display Capabilities (size, resolution)
• Limited Memory Resources
• Limited Computational Power
• Limited Bandwidth (WAP)
• Developing Languages
• Range from Programming Languages to Scripting
  Languages
• C, Embedded Visual C Visual Basic, SuperWaba
  (Sub-Set of Java), WML
• High vs. Low Ceiling (Programming)
• High vs. Low Threshold (User Interface)
• Development Environments Tools
• Command Line (PRC Tools)
• Semi-Integrated Development Environment
  (SuperWaba)
• Integrated Development Environment (WAP)
• Embedded Visual Tools (PocketPC)

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• User Interfaces
• Limited User Interface-Nothing Fancier (WAP)
• Relative Coordinate System for GUI (SuperWaba
  PRC Tools)
• Tap n Talk - Multimodal Interface (PocketPC)
• User Interface Objects
• Using Resource Files (PocketPC, Palm OS)
• Within Source File
• Interaction Techniques
• Page Card Metaphor
• Stylus, Softkey Tap n Talk Interaction

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PRC-Tools

• Development tools for Palm OS application
• Free under GNU license
• Collection of several tools
• GCC, assembler, linker, and GDB debugger
• Command-line
• No IDE comes with the package but commercial
  IDEs are available

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PRC-Tools
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PRC-Tools

• Resource file is used to define GUI of a program
• include MyHeader.h
• FORM ID Form1_ID USABLE
• BEGIN
• TITLE "This is a title."
• FIELD Default text ID Textbox1_ID
• AT (10 15 AUTO AUTO) USABLE LEFTALIGN EDITABLE
  SINGLELINE MAXCHARS 20
• BUTTON "Click me, click me..." ID Button1_ID
• AT ( 40 48 AUTO AUTO) USABLE FRAME FONT 0
• CHECKBOX Check me please ID Checkbox1_ID
• AT (PrevRight PrevBottom5 100 AUTO )
• END

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PRC-Tools

• C code uses event loop to handle events.
• ID defined in the resource file is used to
  identify a widget.
• Boolean Form1_HandleEvent(EventPtr event)
• switch(event-gteType)
• case ctlSelectEvent
• if(event-gtdata.ctlEnter.controlID
  Button1_ID)
• //Button1 has been clicked. Do
  something.
• else if ...
• break

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Embedded Visual Tools

• Development tool for PocketPC, HPC, PsPc
• Download from MS homepage
• Freeware
• Consists of Embedded Visual C, Embedded Visual
  Basic, MFC, Emulators, SDKs

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EVC IDE
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Resource Editor
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Interface Resource File
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MESSAGE MAPPING

• BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(MP3Dlg, CDialog)
• //AFX_MSG_MAP(MP3Dlg)
• ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_FASTFOWARD, OnFastfoward)
• ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_NEXT_TRACK, OnNextTrack)
• //AFX_MSG_MAP
• END_MESSAGE_MAP

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SuperWaba Overview

• Topics
• What is it?
• Installation
• Syntax / Program Structure
• Event Handling
• SuperWabas Coordinate System

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What is SuperWaba

• Derived from Waba
• A language designed for PDAs
• Strict sub-set of Java syntax
• Contains only 6 core libraries
• Designed to keep memory usage minimized

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Installation SuperWaba, Emulator IDE

• SuperWaba from http//www.superwaba.org
• Set Classpaths of SuperWaba and Java
• Emulator from http//palm.com/developers/
• ROM
• Tauschke MobileCreator 1.3 (or command line)
• Semi-Integrated Development Environment (SIDE)

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Syntax Common Program Structure

• import waba.ui.
• public class Test extends MainWindow
• public Test() super(Hi handheld world)
• public void onStart() // add controls here
• Button btn1 new Button("Border none
  enabled")
• add(btn1,LEFT,TOP) //Relative Coordinates
• public void onEvent(Event event)
• switch (event.type)
• case ControlEvent.PRESSED
• if (event.target btn1)
• popupModal(new MessageBox("Hello"))
• break
• public void onExit() // close stuff, here
• // end class Test

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Event Handling

• public void onEvent(Eventevent)
• switch (event.type)
• case ControlEvent.PRESSED
• if (event.target btn1)
• popupModal(new MessageBox("Hi"))
• break

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Layout Presentation
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Relative Coordinate System

• Preferred lets control determine best width.
• Fill the controls width will fill the space
• Same sets control's width as the same width of
  last added.
• Left Right Aligns control to respective side
  of the container
• Before After Places control according to
  command either before or after last added
  control.
• Center Aligns control to the center of container

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Example of Layout

• add(new Label(A"),CENTER,CENTER)
• add(new Label(B"),AFTER,SAME)
• add(new Label(C"),SAME,AFTER)
• add(new Label(D"),BEFORE,SAME)
• add(new Label(E"),BEFORE,BEFORE)
• EAB
• 
  DC

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Resources

• www.Superwaba.org
• http//wabasoft.com
• SuperWaba Tutorials

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WML Wireless Markup Language

• An open language based on XML
• developed by the WAP Forum
• Language specification are developed and
  maintained by
• WAP Forum
• Industry-wide consortium (Nokia, Phone.com,
  Motorola, and Ericsson)
• Designed for low-bandwidth and small-display
  devices
• Create user-friendly and portable wireless
  application
• Organizes information using a deck metaphor
• WAP can be viewed in a WAP-enabled device
  Compiled Via MAG

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WML Trans Using WAP-Enabled Device
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WML File
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(No Transcript)
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WML Future

• Support one-hand navigation without a keyboard
• modest applications
• Low ceiling
• Low threshold-no support for animated graphics or
  streaming audio
• Different decks for different devices
• Performance- low data transfer rate
• Card metaphor Vs Page metaphor
• Victim of moving target
• Lack of standardization (Existing website
  converted into WML or CHTML)
• XHTML the basic for mobile web (WAP Forum
  i-mode)
• Consistent interfaces for users

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????????

• WML Will Still Be Around
• Guess What?!

XHTML Doesnt support dialing
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Future of Mobile Devices

• Fits The Theme Of Ubiquitous Computing
• The New Trend for Computing Technology
• Convenient for All Social Settings
• Multimodal for User Interfaces for Interactive
  Experience
• Increased User Interface Acceptance and
  Performance
• Issues To Be Considered
• User Interface Device Independence
• Expense of Converting to Native Language
• Consistent Interfaces for the Users
• Hardware Support

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• Any questions ?