Access Point

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Access Point

• IEEE 802.11

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Principais Aplicações
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Padrões IEEE 802.11

• 802.11a 5GHz, 54Mbps
• 802.11b 2.4GHz, 11Mbps
• 802.11c Protocolo para bridges
• 802.11d World Mode (Europa 20 dB, EUA-BR 36dB
• 802.11e Qualidade de Serviço
• 802.11f Inter-Access Point Protocol
• 802.11g 2.4GHz, 54Mbps, modulação digital OFDM
• 802.11h Seleção dinâmica de frequência
• 802.11i Autenticação e Segurança

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Access Point

• Short for Access Point, a hardware device or a
  computer's software that acts as a communication
  hub for users of a wireless device to connect to
  a wired LAN.
• APs are important for providing heightened
  wireless security and for extending the physical
  range of service a wireless user has access to.

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Infrastructure Mode

• An 802.11 networking framework in which devices
  communicate with each other by first going
  through an Access Point (AP).
• In infrastructure mode, wireless devices can
  communicate with each other or can communicate
  with a wired network.
• When one AP is connected to wired network and a
  set of wireless stations it is referred to as a
  Basic Service Set (BSS).

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Infrastructure Mode

• An Extended Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or
  more BSSs that form a single subnetwork.
• Most corporate wireless LANs operate in
  infrastructure mode because they require access
  to the wired LAN in order to use services such as
  file servers or printers.

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Ad-hoc Mode

• An 802.11 networking framework in which devices
  or stations communicate directly with each other,
  without the use of an access point (AP).
• Ad-hoc mode is also referred to as peer-to-peer
  mode or an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
• Ad-hoc mode is useful for establishing a network
  where wireless infrastructure does not exist or
  where services are not required.

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802.11

• 802.11 refers to a family of specifications
  developed by the IEEE for wireless LAN
  technology.
• 802.11 specifies an over-the-air interface
  between a wireless client and a base station or
  between two wireless clients.
• The IEEE accepted the specification in 1997.

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Specifications in the 802.11 family 802.11 e
802.11a

• 802.11 -- applies to wireless LANs and provides
  1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band
  using either frequency hopping spread spectrum
  (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
  
• 802.11a -- an extension to 802.11 that applies to
  wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the
  5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency
  division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than
  FHSS or DSSS.

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802.11b

• 802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or
  Wi-Fi) -- an extension to 802.11 that applies to
  wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission
  (with 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band.

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802.11b

• 802.11b uses only DSSS.
• 802.11b was a 1999 ratification to the original
  802.11 standard, allowing wireless functionality
  comparable to Ethernet.

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Access Point

• Short for Access Point, a hardware device or a
  computer's software that acts as a communication
  hub for users of a wireless device to connect to
  a wired LAN.
• APs are important for providing heightened
  wireless security and for extending the physical
  range of service a wireless user has access to.

13
Infrastructure Mode

• An 802.11 networking framework in which devices
  communicate with each other by first going
  through an Access Point (AP).
• In infrastructure mode, wireless devices can
  communicate with each other or can communicate
  with a wired network.
• When one AP is connected to wired network and a
  set of wireless stations it is referred to as a
  Basic Service Set (BSS).

14
Infrastructure Mode

• An Extended Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or
  more BSSs that form a single subnetwork.
• Most corporate wireless LANs operate in
  infrastructure mode because they require access
  to the wired LAN in order to use services such as
  file servers or printers.

15
Ad-hoc Mode

• An 802.11 networking framework in which devices
  or stations communicate directly with each other,
  without the use of an access point (AP).
• Ad-hoc mode is also referred to as peer-to-peer
  mode or an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
• Ad-hoc mode is useful for establishing a network
  where wireless infrastructure does not exist or
  where services are not required.

16
802.11

• 802.11 refers to a family of specifications
  developed by the IEEE for wireless LAN
  technology.
• 802.11 specifies an over-the-air interface
  between a wireless client and a base station or
  between two wireless clients.
• The IEEE accepted the specification in 1997.

17
Specifications in the 802.11 family 802.11 e
802.11a

• 802.11 -- applies to wireless LANs and provides
  1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band
  using either frequency hopping spread spectrum
  (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
  
• 802.11a -- an extension to 802.11 that applies to
  wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the
  5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency
  division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than
  FHSS or DSSS.

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802.11b

• 802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or
  Wi-Fi) -- an extension to 802.11 that applies to
  wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission
  (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4
  GHz band.
• 802.11b uses only DSSS. 802.11b was a 1999
  ratification to the original 802.11 standard,
  allowing wireless functionality comparable to
  Ethernet.

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802.11b (Wi-Fi)

• Data Rate Up to 11Mbps in the 2.4GHz band
• Modulation scheme DSSS with CCK
• Security WEP WPA
• Products that adhere to this standard are
  considered "Wi-Fi Certified." Not interoperable
  with 802.11a. Requires fewer access points than
  802.11a for coverage of large areas.
• Offers high-speed access to data at up to 300
  feet from base station.
• 14 channels available in the 2.4GHz band (only 11
  of which can be used in the U.S. due to FCC
  regulations) with only three non-overlapping
  channels.

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IEEE 802.11g

• Data Rate Up to 54Mbps in the 2.4GHz band
• Modulation Scheme
• OFDM above 20Mbps, DSSS with CCK below
  20Mbps WEP WPA.
• Security WEP WPA
• Pros/Cons More Info
• Products that adhere to this standard are
  considered "Wi-Fi Certified." May replace
  802.11b. Improved security enhancements over
  802.11. Compatible with 802.11b. 14 channels
  available in the 2.4GHz band (only 11 of which
  can be used in the U.S. due to FCC regulations)
  with only three non-overlapping channels.

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IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)

• Specifies WiMAX in the 10 to 66 GHz range.
• OFDM
• DES3 and AES
• Commonly referred to as WiMAX or less commonly as
  WirelessMAN or the Air Interface Standard,
• IEEE 802.16 is a specification for fixed
  broadband wireless metropolitan access networks
  (MANs).

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IEEE 802.16a (Wi-MAX)

• Added support for the 2 to 11 GHz range.
• OFDM
• DES3 and AES
• Commonly referred to as WiMAX or less commonly as
  WirelessMAN or the Air Interface Standard,
• IEEE 802.16 is a specification for fixed
  broadband wireless metropolitan access networks
  (MANs).

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Bluetooth

• Up to 2Mbps in the 2.45GHz band.
• FHSS.
• PPTP, SSL or VPN.
• No native support for IP, so it does not support
  TCP/IP and wireless LAN applications well.
• Not originally created to support wireless LANs.
  Best suited for connecting PDAs, cell phones and
  PCs in short intervals.

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OFDM

• Short for Orthogonal Frequency Division
  Multiplexing, an FDM modulation technique for
  transmitting large amounts of digital data over a
  radio wave.
• OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into
  multiple smaller sub-signals that are then
  transmitted simultaneously at different
  frequencies to the receiver.
• OFDM reduces the amount of crosstalk in signal
  transmissions. 802.11a WLAN, 802.16 and WiMAX
  technologies use OFDM.

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FHSS

• Acronym for frequency-hopping spread spectrum.
  FHSS is one of two types of spread spectrum
  radio, the other being direct-sequence spread
  spectrum.
• FHSS is a transmission technology used in WLAN
  transmissions where the data signal is modulated
  with a narrowband carrier signal that "hops" in a
  random but predictable sequence from frequency to
  frequency as a function of time over a wide band
  of frequencies.

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FHSS

• The signal energy is spread in time domain rather
  than chopping each bit into small pieces in the
  frequency domain.
• This technique reduces interference because a
  signal from a narrowband system will only affect
  the spread spectrum signal if both are
  transmitting at the same frequency at the same
  time.
• If synchronized properly, a single logical
  channel is maintained.

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FHSS

• The transmission frequencies are determined by a
  spreading, or hopping, code.
• The receiver must be set to the same hopping code
  and must listen to the incoming signal at the
  right time and correct frequency in order to
  properly receive the signal.
• Current FCC regulations require manufacturers to
  use 75 or more frequencies per transmission
  channel with a maximum dwell time (the time spent
  at a particular frequency during any single hop)
  of 400 ms.

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DSSS

• Acronym for direct-sequence spread spectrum.
• DSSS is one of two types of spread spectrum
  radio, the other being frequency-hopping spread
  spectrum.
• DSSS is a transmission technology used in WLAN
  transmissions where a data signal at the sending
  station is combined with a higher data rate bit
  sequence, or chipping code, that divides the user
  data according to a spreading ratio.
• The chipping code is a redundant bit pattern for
  each bit that is transmitted, which increases the
  signal's resistance to interference.
• If one or more bits in the pattern are damaged
  during transmission, the original data can be
  recovered due to the redundancy of the
  transmission.

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CCK - Complementary Code Keying

• Short for Complementary Code Keying, a set of 64
  eight-bit code words used to encode data for 5.5
  and 11Mbps data rates in the 2.4GHz band of
  802.11b wireless networking.
• The code words have unique mathematical
  properties that allow them to be correctly
  distinguished from one another by a receiver even
  in the presence of substantial noise and
  multipath interference.

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CCK - Complementary Code Keying

• CCK works only in conjunction with the DSSS
  technology that is specified in the original
  802.11 standard.
• It does not work with FHSS.
• CCK applies sophisticated mathematical formulas
  to the DSSS codes, permitting the codes to
  represent a greater volume of information per
  clock cycle.
• The transmitter can then send multiple bits of
  information with each DSSS code, enough to make
  possible the 11Mbps of data rather than the 2Mbps
  in the original standard.

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CSMA/CA

• Short for Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision
  Avoidance, a network contention protocol that
  listens to a network in order to avoid
  collisions.
• Unlike CSMA/CD that deals with network
  transmissions once collisions have been detected.

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CSMA/CA

• CSMA/CA contributes to network traffic because,
  before any real data is transmitted, it has to
  broadcast a signal onto the network in order to
  listen for collision scenarios and to tell other
  devices not to broadcast.

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L-G700AP  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
Access Point
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L-G700AP  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
Access Point

• Product Features
• Up to 54Mbps
• WPA for Enhanced Wireless Security
• Quickly Add Wireless Access to Your Network
• Web-based Configuration and Management

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Product Features

• DWL-2100AP  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g)
  Wireless 108Mbps Access Point
• Up to 108Mbps
• WPA 802.1x Authentication
• SNMP Management Software Included
• Also Work as Point-To-Point Bridge,
  Point-to-Multipoint Bridge, Repeater, Wireless
  Client.

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Wireless G USB Adapter
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Wireless G USB Adapter

• Easily Connect to Your Wireless Network from Your
  Desktop or Notebook PC
• Works with 802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networks
• Check E-mail, Surf the Web, and Chat with Friends
  and Family Online

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DWL-G122  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
USB Adapter
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DWL-G122  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
USB Adapter

• Product Features
• Up to 54Mbps
• 802.11g Standard, 802.11b Compatible
• Protect Your Network with WPA and 802.1x Security
• Quick and Easy Setup

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DI-524  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
Router
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DI-524  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
Router

• Product Features
• Up to 54Mbps
• Advanced Firewall Parental Control
•  Quick and Easy Setup
• 802.11g Standard, 802.11b Compatible

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WNA-1330  gt  Wireless G Notebook Adapter
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WNA-1330  gt  Wireless G Notebook Adapter

• Product Features
• Easily Connect to Your Wireless Network from Your
  Notebook PC.
• Works with 802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networks.
• Check E-mail, Surf the Web, and Chat with Friends
  and Family Online.

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DSL-2640B  gt  ADSL2/2 Modem with Wireless Router
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DSL-2640B  gt  ADSL2/2 Modem with Wireless Router

• Product Features
• Supports The Latest ADSL Standards for Superior
  Performance.
• Access a High-Speed DSL Connection and Share The
  Internet.
• Connect Multiple Computers and Share Files -
  Wired or Wirelessly.

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WDA-1320  gt  Wireless G Desktop Adapter
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WDA-1320  gt  Wireless G Desktop Adapter

• Product Features
• Easily Connect to Your Wireless Network from Your
  Desktop PC.
•  Works with 802.11g and 802.11b Wireless
  Networks.
•  Check E-mail, Surf the Web, and Chat with
  Friends and Family Online.

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DWL-G510  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g)
Wireless PCI Adapter
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DWL-G510  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
PCI Adapter

• Product Features
• Up to 54Mbps.
• 802.11g Standard, 802.11b Compatible.
•  Great for Video Streaming.
•  Increased Security with 802.1x and WPA

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DWL-G630  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g)
Wireless Cardbus Adapter
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DWL-G630  gt  High Speed 2.4GHz (802.11g) Wireless
Cardbus Adapter

• Product Features
• Up to 54Mbps
• Great for Video Streaming
• 802.11g Standard, 802.11b Compatible
• Increased Wireless Security with WPA and 802.1x.

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DP-G310  gt  Wireless G USB Print Server
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DP-G310  gt  Wireless G USB Print Server

• Product Features
• Supports USB 2.0
• 802.11g Standard, 802.11b Compatible
• Easy Web-based Set up and Configuration

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DNS-G120  gt  Wireless G Network Storage Adapter
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DNS-G120  gt  Wireless G Network Storage Adapter

• Product Features
• Wirelessly Connect USB Storage to the Network.
• Built-in FTP Server for Accessing Files over
  the Internet.
• Use Your Existing USB Drives Without Reformatting

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DVG-G1402S  gt  Wireless Broadband VoIP Router
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DVG-G1402S  gt  Wireless Broadband VoIP Router

• Product Features
• 802.11g Wireless Connectivity.
• Connect Up To 2 VoIP Lines.
•  Integrated QoS To Prevent Dropped Calls And
  Deliver Superior Voice Quality.

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DIR-330  gt  Wireless G Firewall/VPN 8 Router,
4-port Switch
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DIR-330  gt  Wireless G Firewall/VPN 8 Router,
4-port Switch

• Product Features
• Share a High-Speed Internet Connection.
• Support and Manage up to 8 VPN Configurations.
• Simple-to-Deploy Routing, VPN, and Firewall
  Solution.
• Enterprise-Class Security Protects Your Network
  from Online Intruders and Potential Attacks.

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DPG-2100  gt  Wireless Presentation Gateway
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DPG-2100  gt  Wireless Presentation Gateway

• Product Features
• Quickly Switch between Presenters Using Separate
  Computers.
• Works with 802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Enabled
  PCs to Deliver Your Presentation.
• Connect to Your Projectorby cable.

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DBT-120  gt  Wireless Bluetooth 2.0 USB Adapter
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DBT-120  gt  Wireless Bluetooth 2.0 USB Adapter

• Product Features
• Sync Data between Your Bluetooth PDA, Mobile
  Phone, and PC.
• Secure Encyption for Enhanced Network Protection.
• Experience The Convenience of Bluetooth
  Headphones, Cameras and Keyboards.
• Works with PC Mac2.

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AnyCom Bluetooth Access Point

• The ANYCOM EDR-AP Bluetooth is an access point
  for professional applications.
• It enables mobile devices equipped with Bluetooth
  technology like mobile phones, PDAs or PCs to
  connect wirelessly to local networks and the
  Internet.

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AnyCom Bluetooth Access Point

• The ANYCOM EDR-AP is equipped with the latest
  Bluetooth 2.0 Standard including the
  Enhanced-Data-Rate (EDR) specification.
• This allows data transmission rates up to 1, 2
  MB/s and several mobile users to connect to it
  simultaneously without delay.

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AnyCom Bluetooth Access Point

• As a class 1 device the covering range is up to
  300 feet (100 meter) but the beaming power can be
  reduced for special applications.

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AnyCom Bluetooth Access Point

• Extensive Security and Management-Functionalities
  like DHCP, SNMP and Radius Server suits the
  ANYCOM EDR-AP access point also into complex
  network environments.
• With the PPPoE protocol the ANYCOM EDR-AP can
  also be used as ADSL gateway.

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AnyCom Bluetooth Access Point

• The ANYCOM EDR-AP on embedded Linux operating
  system, with Flash memory for easy software
  upgrades, and built-in Web server and Web
  interface for quick installation, and remote
  configuration and management.