Hotels

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Hotels Energy

• David M. Stipanuk
• Associate Professor
• School of Hotel Administration

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How Much Energy Do Hotels Use?

• Following data from Benchmarks for Hotel Energy
  Usage by D. Stipanuk (presented at World Energy
  Engineering Congress Nov. 2003)
• Supplementary Information at end of PPT

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Hotel Energy Usage
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Cost of Utilities to US Hotels

• 4-6 of Total Revenue
• 1000 to 2500 per room per year in US (can be
  substantially higher in island resorts
  internationally in some countries)
• (10 to 20 of this is water and sewer)

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http//www.fs.cornell.edu/fs/fs_facilFind.cfm
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Hotel Energy Usage-One View of Where Energy Used
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Hotel Energy Usage Issues

• Little actual submetering data exists to link end
  uses and energy consumption
• Hotel energy costs for electricity include demand
  (kw) and energy (kwh)
• Energy management efforts that are perceived to
  negatively impact guest perceptions of hotel are
  doomed!
• Lack of data and understanding of energy issues
  on part of management

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Hotel Energy Usage-Emerging Issues

• Environmental Certification
• A number of States (e.g. CA, FL, VT) have
  environmental certification systems for hotels
• USGBCs LEED EB is slowly being adopted for
  existing hotels
• USGBCs LEED NC is slowly being adopted for new
  hotels YouTube - 1st GREEN U.S. HOTEL
  CONFERENCE CENTER - MARRIOTT
• Energy Certification
• Energy Star Labeled Hotels now number 277 (almost
  all a Marriott brand)
• Carbon!
• Besides BTU values we are now seeing growing
  concern over carbon

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Hotel Energy Opportunities

• Larger Full Service Hotels
• Centralized HVAC Systems
• Boilers, chillers, cooling towers, circulating
  hot chilled water
• Extensive public space areas
• Large air handlers, extensive lighting systems
• Extensive supporting facilities BOH
• Laundry, swimming pool, large kitchens,

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Hotel Energy Opportunities

• Smaller Limited Service Hotels
• Decentralized HVAC Equip
• PTAC/PTHP
• Public Space Areas primarily hotel corridors
• Supporting facilities BOH very limited
• Small laundry maybe a pool

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Energy Conservation in Hotels

• Use more efficient equipment
• Compact fluorescent lamps,
• Higher EER HVAC equipment
• T8 lamps (T5?)
• Reduce the load
• Ozone based laundry cycles
• CO2 Based Ventilation Control
• VAV Variable Speed Drives
• Recover waste energy
• Laundry wastewater filtration and recovery
• Water source heat pumps operating off chilled
  water return lines

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Energy Conservation in Hotels

• Reducing Operating Hours
• Turn the !_at_( stuff off!
• Room occupancy sensors controlling HVAC in
  guestrooms
• Using a cheaper source of energy (not
  conservation but cost savings)
• Purchasing energy in deregulated markets
• Shifting usage from on to off peak times in
  laundry
• Signing contracts with energy service companies
  for utilities services

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Technology Opportunities Challenges in Lodging

• Improved System Design
• Reduce oversizing of HVAC systems
• Design for lower energy usage-go beyond the code!
• Use simulation tools to optimize designs
• Management
• CBMS
• GR energy control technologies
• Using all the data to actually make a difference
• Energy is only 4-5 of revenues for a hotel-How
  much can you devote to conservation when the
  focus is on REVENUE and there are still people in
  the industry who believe SERVICE means turning
  the lights on everywhere!
• Outsourcing!

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• Renewable Energy
• Ocean Thermal http//www.ihgplc.com/files/videos/d
  eep_sea_water.asx
• Solar Thermal
• Photovoltaic
• Wind
• Other Technologies
• CHP/Distributed Generation/Cogeneration

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Questions?
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Benchmarking Results-Resorts
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Benchmarking Results-Luxury Upscale
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Benchmarking Results-Midscale with Food and
Beverage
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