RESEARCHING

1
LESSON 16

• RESEARCHING
• SOLVENTS

2
OBJECTIVES

• DISCUSS SOLVENTS AND THEIR USES.
• DESIGN AND CONDUCT AN INQUIRY ON STAIN REMOVAL.
• PRESENT YOUR RESULTS TO THE REST OF THE CLASS.

3
GETTING STARTED

• IN YOUR NOTEBOOKS, WRITE DOWN A LIST OF ALL THE
  LIQUIDS THAT YOU CAN THINK OF THAT DO NOT CONTAIN
  WATER.

4
READ THE INTRODUCTION ON PGS. 130, 131
5

• LIQUIDS CONTAINING WATER LIQUIDS NOT
  CONTAINING WATER

DIFFERENT LIQUIDS
6
COLLECT THE TOTE TRAY AND CHECK THE FOLLOWING
MATERIALS LIST.

• 1 PR. SAFETY GOGGLES
• DROPPER BOTTLES OF
• WATER, RUBBING ALCOHOL, KEROSENE
• PLASTIC CUPS OF
• KETCHUP, CHOC. SYRUP, VEG. OIL
• 1 THICK-TIP PERMANENT MARKER PEN

• 1 THIN WHITE COTTON SQUARE (10X10 CM)
• 10 COTTON SWABS
• 2 SHEETS OF NEWSPAPER
• 1 SHEET OF NEWSPRINT
• 1 BALL POINT PEN

7
SAFETY TIPS

• WEAR SAFETY GOGGLES AT ALL TIMES
• BE CAREFUL NOT TO GET ANY SOLVENTS OR STAINS ON
  YOUR CLOTHES
• DONT TASTE ANY OF THE SUBSTANCES
• IF YOU HAVE TO CLEAN UP THE ALCOHOL OR KEROSENE,
  ALLOW THE PAPER TOWEL TO DRY COMPLETELY BEFORE
  THROWING IT AWAY.

8
CLASS PERIOD 1 PROCEDURE

• AFTER COVERING YOUR TABLE WITH THE NEWSPAPER,
  WORK WITH YOUR TABLE PARTNERS TO DESIGN A TEST
  THAT CAN BE USED TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
  THE 3 SOLVENTS (IN THE BOTTLES) AT REMOVING THE 5
  DIFFERENT
• TYPES OF STAIN.

9
USE THE FOLLOWING GUIDELINES IN DESIGNING YOUR
TEST.

• A. HOW WILL YOU STANDARDIZE THEIR TESTING
  PROCEDURES SO THAT THE RESULTS OF EACH SOLVENT
  AND STAIN TEST CAN BE FAIRLY COMPARED (CONSIDER,
  FOR EXAMPLE, DRYNESS OF STAIN AND SIZE OF STAIN)?

10

• B. THE STAINS MUST BE DRY BEFORE TESTING. HOW
  WILL YOU ACCOMPLISH THIS?
• C. HOW WILL YOU SCORE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE
  STAIN REMOVERS ON EACH STAIN (FOR EXAMPLE, RATING
  THEM GOOD, AVERAGE, AND POOR, OR RANKING THEM 1,
  2, AND 3)?

11

• D. HOW WILL YOU PRESENT YOUR RESULTS SO THEY ARE
  EASY FOR OTHERS TO UNDERSTAND?
• E. HOW WILL YOU DIVIDE THE WORK AMONG THE
  MEMBERS OF YOUR GROUP?
• F. HOW LONG WILL YOU TAKE TO CONDUCT EACH OF THE
  PROCEDURE?
• G. DESIGN A DATA TABLE TO RECORD YOUR RESULTS.

12

• APPLY THE STAINS. WRITE THE NAMES OF THE MEMBERS
  OF YOUR GROUP ON THE CLOTH SQUARES AND PUT THEM
  ON THE DESIGNATED AREA OF THE ROOM FOR YOUR HOUR.
  ALLOW THE STAINS TO DRY OVERNIGHT. WELL
  CONTINUE THE PROCEDURE TOMORROW.

13
CLASS PERIOD 2PROCEDURE

• COLLECT YOUR CLOTH AND CONTINUE WITH YOUR GROUPS
  PROCEDURE TO REMOVE THE STAINS.
• REMEMBER TO RECORD ALL OF YOUR RESULTS ON YOUR
  DATA TABLE.

14
TRANSFER ALL OF YOUR RESULTS

• TO THE TABLE ON THE NEWSPRINT FOR YOUR GROUP.
• TAPE THE NEWSPRINT ON THE WALL.
• CLEAN UP THE MATERIALS.
• DISPOSE OF THE COTTON SWABS, CLOTHS, AND SMALL
  CONTAINERS OF STAINING SUBSTANCES.

15
GROUP REPORTS

• YOUR GROUP WILL SHARE THE RESULTS OF YOUR TESTS.
• REPORT ON YOUR PROCEDURE, SCORING, RESULTS, AND
  CONCLUSIONS WHICH INCLUDE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
  YOUR PROCEDURE AND THE SOLVENTS USED.

16
READ

• GETTING TAKEN TO THE CLEANERS ON PGS. 134 AND
  135.