TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION

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TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE 2 CONFERENCE CANADIAN
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 4 October 2001 Toronto,
Ontario
Graham R. Campbell Office of Energy Research and
Development Natural Resources Canada
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TODAYS PRESENTATION
1. Technology - Definitions,
Characteristics 2. Technology Issues
Table - Recommendations, Promising
Technologies 3. Climate Change Technology -
Programs, New Initiatives 4. Critical Needs,
Priorities 5. Examples of Technology
Development Outcomes, Impacts 6. Closing
Observations
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TECHNOLOGY - DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS

• Technology - is objects,
  equipment, hardware, plus labour, energy, raw
  materials to make them work, plus know-how and
  skills to operate and maintain
  them - includes the things which are
  made, how they are made, how they are
  used - cannot be separated from the
  economic and social context out of which it
  evolves and which is responsible for its
  production and use
• Technology innovation is neither simple or linear
  - a chaotic, iterative process
• Some characteristics of technological evolution
  - uncertain evolutionary path and
  timing - dynamic and continuous -
  systemic - needing resources, infrastructure,
  context - cumulative - builds on previous
  experience and knowledge - occasional
  breakthroughs, new paths, new paradigms

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TECHNOLOGY ISSUES TABLERecommendations,
Promising Technologies
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TECHNOLOGY ISSUES TABLE

• One of 14 Climate Change Issue Tables
• Industry and associations, federal and provincial
  governments, power generation, universities,
  ENGOs, international organizations
• Objectives of the Technology Issues Table
• Advance the development, demonstration and
  commercialisation of cleaner, innovative GHG
  reduction technologies
• Enhance capabilities and opportunities for
  Canadian companies in providing environmentally
  responsive technologies in domestic and
  international markets
  

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TECHNOLOGY ISSUES TABLE contd

• Emphasis on sustained, long-term investment
  across the innovation spectrum
• Recommendations in four categories
• Enhancing Knowledge
• Discover New Ideas, Approaches (8 total)
• Basic Research (2 total)
• Applied RD (33 total)
• Demonstration and Commercialization
• Technology Demonstration Program (56 of total)
• Enhance Business Climate
• International Marketing
• Reduce Rate, Information
• Fostering Linkages
• Technology Networks and Roadmaps (2 of total)
• Technology Forum
• Build on regional interests and capabilities
• Energy opportunities in selected international
  markets
• Promising technologies for development and
  demonstration

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PROMISING ILLUSTRATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGY
ISSUES TABLE

• Energy Production
• Electricity from CO2-free/renewable sources
• Biomass combustion
• Large scale hydroelectricity
• Nuclear fission
• Stationary gas turbines
• Fossil Fuel Supply
• Technologies to reduce leaks from natural gas
  pipelines
• Process technologies - energy and carbon
  processing efficiency
• Technologies to reduce or use fugitive gas
  emissions
• Technologies for increasing natural gas supply
• Energy End-use
• Fuel cells (stationary and transportation)
• Energy efficient building technologies
• Transportation and systemsintelligent
  transportation systems, advanced vehicles and
  fuel technology, mass transit systems

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PROMISING ILLUSTRATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGY
ISSUES TABLE contd

• CO2 Management
• Geological CO2 management
• GHG Emissions from Non-energy Sources
• Reduce CO2 from cement production
• Capture methane from landfills
• Reduce methane from manure management
• Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste
• Reduce nitrous oxide from fertilizers
• Enabling/Cross-cutting Technologies
• Hydrogen technologies
• Enabling technologies electrotechnologies,
  advanced materials, catalysts, energy storage,
  biotechnologies, gas technologies, simulation and
  modeling
• System integration technologies
• Use of less carbon intensive energy sources

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CLIMATE CHANGE TECHNOLOGY Programs, New
Initiatives
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FIRST NATIONAL BUSINESS PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE
TECHNOLOGY MEASURES OCTOBER 2000

• Product of the 14 Climate Change Issues Tables,
  extensive discussions by federal-provincial-territ
  orial governments, industry, ENGOs, academia
• Five priority themes, including an important role
  for technology
• 1. Enhance awareness and understanding
• 2. Promote technology development and
  innovation
• 3. Governments leading by example
• 4. Invest in Knowledge/Build the Foundation
• 5. Encouraging Action by Sector Agriculture,
  Buildings, Electricity, Forestry, Industry
  including oil and gas , Municipalities,
  Transportation
• For technology, objectives are 1.
  Foster collaborative efforts to advance new
  technologies 2. Enhance knowledge 3.
  Identify, research and develop new
  technologies 4. Enrich innovation, advance
  Canadian technologies

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CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2000 (CCAP 2000)
TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVES

• CCAP 2000 recognizes that ... Continuous
  innovation is essential patient investment,
  pursue new avenues, long-term by nature.
• Two broad types of measures deployment and
  development of technology
• Encouraging Technology Deployment Examples
• - Canadian Transportation Fuel Cell Alliance
• - Motor Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Initiatives New
  Fuels
• - CO2 Capture and Storage
• Supporting Technology Development -
  Discovery, RD new approaches and ideas, basic
  research, applied RD - Building
  Collaboration new networks, technology
  roadmaps, national fora
• - International linkages market analysis,
  promotion abroad, showcasing Canadian
  Technologies

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TECHNOLOGY EARLY ACTION MEASURES (TEAM) TEAM
MISSION DESCRIPTION

• Technology deployment and late stage development
  in support of early action to reduce GHG
  emissions, nationally and internationally, while
  sustaining economic and social development
• Initial Investment of 60M over 3 years (1998/99
  - 2000/01) from Climate Change Action Fund (CCAF)
• Renewal at 35M over 3 years (2001/02 2003/04)
• Co-chaired by three departments Natural
  Resources Canada (NRCan), Environment Canada (EC)
  and Industry Canada (IC)
• TEAM Operations Office located in NRCan
• 3 TEAM Working Groups Industry, Community,
  International
• Project delivery through existing federal
  technology agencies programs

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TEAM - PROJECT EXAMPLES AND CO-BENEFITS
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TEAM - SECTOR COVERAGE

• transportation
• alternative fuels
• fuel cells, natural gas, biomass conversion
• conventional energy production/generation
• oil gas, oil sands
• electricity
• agriculture
• manure, crop residues
• construction
• cement

• renewable energy
• wind, solar, small hydro
• food processing
• pulp paper
• tool die
• community energy systems
• residential commercial buildings, district
  heating/cooling, cogeneration, energy from waste,
  fuel cells

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY FUND

• Announced in Budget 2000 at initial 100m
• Designed to fund development and demonstration of
  SD technologies by alliances, in particular,
  climate change and air quality solutions
• Administered by an arms length Foundation, to be
  established through federal legislation Royal
  Assent in June 2001
• Will operate on a Calls for Proposal basis,
  funding projects by alliance of players from
  industry-academia-research institutes
• Implementation of the new Act, appointments
  expected this Fall
• Further information at www.fsdtc.ca

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STUDY OF NEW IDEAS AND APPROACHESTRANSFORMATIVE
TECHNOLOGIES

• Develop long term (50 year) scenarios for
  Canadas energy system
• - Question our current frame the way the
  system works
• - Initial focus on climate change technologies
• - Examine long-term technology options, their
  potential role and limits
• - Options to decouple growth of the economy and
  GHG emissions
• Challenges our current context, views of how
  the energy system works
• Integrated way of looking at the relationship
  between society, technology economy environment
• - Better insight on how current policy impacts
  on long term issues
• - What areas government might support in energy
  RD
• Understand use of policy, programs and ST to
  influence key drivers
• Allows identification of future trends, their
  merits Canadian opportunities, input into
  business planning and policy formulation
• Scenarios for Canadas energy system to 2050
• For more info, www.nrcan.gc.ca/es/etf

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A TOOL KIT FOR TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIES
LONG-TERM SCENARIO PLANNING
COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
Technology/Econometric FORECASTING
WHERE YOU ARE
WHERE YOU COULD BE
HOW YOU GET THERE
STRATEGIC PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHTING
TECHNOLOGY ROADMAPS
CRITERIA SETTING
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
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CRITICAL NEEDS, PROMISING TECHNOLOGIES
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CRITICAL NEEDS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND
INNOVATION

• Making the most of existing programs, new
  initiatives
• Re-building and orienting new capacity
  facilities, equipment, human resources
• Establishing priorities, making choices
• Profiting from international activities, market
  opportunities
• Working together partnerships, networks are key

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TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT EXISTING PROGRAMS -
FEDERAL
FCM (Municipal, Arms Length)
BDBC (Venture Capital)
CIDA (Foreign Aid)
TPC (Repayable) Ind. Dev.
SDTF (Arms Length, Climate Chg, Air Quality)
IRAP (SMEs)
OEE/ERB (Energy Programs)
Federal Programs/ Organizations
CETB (Energy ST, Programs, Labs)
CCAF-TEAM
(Climate Change)
PERD (Planning and Funding Energy ST)
NRC (Laboratories NCR Regional, Generic
Sciences)

NSERC
(Basic RD, Academia)
CFI (Arms Length)
Fundamental Research
Applied RD
Commercial Deployment
Increased Market Awareness Acceptance
Long
Time to Market
Short
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PROMISING TECHNOLOGIES, MAKING CHOICES

• Cant do it all have to make choices
• Some areas of focus already
• Promising Technologies from Technology Issues
  Table
• Early ideas on promising areas
• Priorities identified by US
• Discussions needed on priority setting

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SOME EARLY IDEAS PRIORITY AREAS

• Support timely development of Canadas frontier
  energy resources
• Extend the capacity of the Western Canada basin
• Develop the western oil sands and heavy oil in a
  more sustainable fashion
• Enable a national CO2 capture and storage
  strategy
• Close the combustion cycle for hydrocarbons in
  stationary points
• Maintain the nuclear option
• Eliminate emissions from transportation
• Encourage sustainable communities
• Demonstrate ultra efficient buildings with low
  life cycle impacts
• Establish eco efficiency in processing and
  manufacturing

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PRIORITIES IDENTIFIED RECENTLY IN THE U.S.

• Report National Energy Policy Report of the
  National Energy Policy Development Group May
  2001
• Priority technologies, recommendations
• clean coal technologies (2B over 10 years)
• advanced nuclear fuel cycles and next generation
  technologies fuel conditioning
• renewable energy resources wind, water,
  geothermal, biomass
• energy efficiency
• alternative energy sources
• transmission reliability and superconductivity
• oil and gas production technology
• develop next generation technologies hydrogen,
  fusion
• integrate RD efforts in current programs
  regarding hydrogen, fuel cells, distributed
  energy

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EXAMPLES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
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EXAMPLES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

• Three examples from ongoing technology
  development projects
• System Integration
• Reduction of Flared Gas
• Wind Energy Turbine Blades

• Illustrate technology advances, impact on
  energy and
• emissions reductions

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EXAMPLES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
SYSTEM INTEGRATION

• Use advanced mathematics and thermodynamics to
  optimize the interconnections between different
  parts of an industrial plant so that energy and
  materials are used in an optimum way
• broadly applicable, large potential for CO2,
  energy, pollutants and cost reductions.
• Textile Dyehouse 25 dyeing machines producing a
  wide variety of fabrics and shades
• Energy cost of about 2 M/year, could save 25
• Results
• 6400 ton/year reduction in CO2 emissions
• Savings of 0.8M/year, 9-month return on
  investment
• Pulp and paper mill 2 paper machines producing
  high quality bleached paperboard for the food
  industry
• Energy cost of about 50 M/year, could save 10
• Results
• 49,000 ton/year reduction in CO2 emissions
• 10 month return on investment

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EXAMPLE SYSTEM INTEGRATION ANALYSIS
Data Acquisition
Identification of Heat Recovery Projects
Analysis of Water Management
Evaluation of water And Energy Interactions
Simulation of Projects
Economic Evaluation
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EXAMPLES - TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT REDUCTION OF
FLARE GAS FROM OIL PRODUCTION

• Flare gas a by-product of oil production in
  remote areas which is now burnt off
• Research directed at improving the efficiency of
  combustion, reduction of other pollutants
• Issues impact on health (human, animal),
  resource conservation, reduce GHGs, insufficient
  good data
• Research priorities operating practices, flare
  performance, flare emission speciation, unproved
  liquid separation, alternate technologies, fate
  and transport of emissions
• Results
• Work continuing full-scale and field-scale
• Efficiency measurement methodology testing
• Investigate well test flare performance
• New regulations in Alberta to reduce flaring of
  lower quality gas

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FLARE GAS FROM OIL PRODUCTION
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EXAMPLES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT WIND ENERGY -
BLADES FOR WIND TURBINES

• New process for the manufacture of very large
  wind turbine blades developed by
  Polymarin-Bolwell Composites of Huron Park,
  Ontario
• 10 lower manufacturing costs
• Improved quality of the blades and working
  conditions, and reduced environmental impact
• - Blades can now be made for turbines
  up to 1MW in size
• (50 kW was previously the size limit)
• - Blades are lighter and more consistent in
  weight
• - Emissions from the resin are estimated to be
  reduced by 95
• - Export of 5M/a to Germany and US
• - Now developing process to develop blades for
  turbines up to 2MW

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WIND TURBINES

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SOME CLOSING OBSERVATIONS
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RESPONDING TO SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
GOAL Responding to Issues, Challenges e.g.
Reducing Canadas GHG Emissions, Air Quality
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RESPONDING TO SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
GOAL Responding to Issues, Challenges e.g.
Reducing Canadas GHG Emissions, Air Quality
Expertise Of Scientists
Facilities, Equipment, Networks
Funding, Subject to Priority-Based Allocation
Todays ST Programs, Funding Mechanisms Funding
Sources Federal Provincial Academia Institutes
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RESPONDING TO SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
International Advances abroad Opportunities to
collaborate Markets abroad
New Innovative Approaches Systematic
assessment Transformative technologies
GOAL Responding to Issues, Challenges e.g.
Reducing Canadas GHG Emissions, Air Quality
Select Promising Technology Opportunities Make
Choices
Assess Impact On GHGs
Funding, Subject to Priority-Based Allocation
Expertise Of Scientists
Facilities, Equipment, Networks
Todays ST Programs, Funding Mechanisms Funding
Sources Federal Provincial Academia Institutes
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RESPONDING TO SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
VIA PARTNERSHIPS
New Initiatives, New funding e.g. BCs Green
Economy Development Fund Sustainable Development
Technology Fund Albertas Climate Change Central
International Advances abroad Opportunities to
collaborate Markets abroad
New Innovative Approaches Systematic
assessment Transformative technologies
GOAL Responding to Issues, Challenges e.g.
Reducing Canadas GHG Emissions, Air
Quality MEANS Private Sector- Public
Sector-Academic Partnerships
Select Promising Technology Opportunities Make
Choices
Assess Impact On GHGs
Funding, Subject to Priority-Based Allocation
Expertise Of Scientists
Facilities, Equipment Networks
Todays ST Programs, Funding Mechanisms Funding
Sources Federal Provincial Academia Institutes
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SOME CLOSING OBSERVATIONS

• Technology development is a key component of
  sustainable development
• contributes to achieving environment, economic,
  social goals
• characteristics uncertain, dynamic and
  continuous, systemic, cumulative
• chaotic innovation process
• Success depends on an integrated approach
• partnerships
• Critical ingredients
• capacity facilities, equipment, human resources
• need both domestic and international initiatives
• partnerships and collaboration are key
• both technology refinements and new ideas and
  approaches
• initiatives across the innovation spectrum