Water related stresses

1
Water related stresses
2

• Goundwater resources are under great stress in
  Ludhiana and central belt of the state of Indian
  Punjab
• Paddy is considered to be the main culprit of
  dwindling groundwater regime in the state

3
Water usage for rice and wheat production

• On ET basis
• Wheat 0.87 million ha meter
• Rice 1.47 million ha meter
• Total 2.32 million ha meter
• Available groundwater resources 2 million ha
  meter
• On Water application basis
• Wheat 1.08 million ha meter
• Rice 4.54 million ha meter
• Total 5.54 million ha meter
• Water usage per kg of production of wheat and
  rice
• 3168 liters/kg less than 20 by wheat and
  remaining by rice

4
Area under rice and degradation of groundwater
resources
Year Area under rice 000 ha Fall in water table (meters) Rainfall (
1981 5 60.23
1991 225 1.61 75.46
2001 235 1.61 39.19