Planning and developing new Models for Academic Libraries

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Planning and developing new Models for Academic
Libraries

• Thinking differently
• Online Information and Education Conference,
• Thailand, Taiwan and China
• Steve OConnor
• October 2005

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Outline for this talk

• Obtain new perspectives on the way in which
  libraries will develop
• Understanding the pressures on the current model
  of the academic library
• Planning for new service models
• Explore the Future potential for academic
  libraries

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What is a business model??

• Why they are important
• What are they?
• Different models , same industry
• Way to differentiate businesses
• Often competing for success and/ or dominance
• Business models can affect the individual as much
  as the organisation

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Role of a Business Model
BUSINESSMODEL
Technical Inputs
Economic Outputs
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Role of a Library Model
BUSINESSMODEL
Sources of Inputs
Value and information Outputs
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Role of a Library Model
BUSINESSMODEL
Sources of Inputs
Value and information Outputs
This will vary as more is digital and
Free-to-air
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Role of a Library Model
BUSINESSMODEL
Sources of Inputs
Value and information Outputs
This will vary as more is digital and
Free-to-air
How is the client assisted when they are less
likely to be in a physical Library
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Role of a Library Model
BUSINESSMODEL
Sources of Inputs
Value and information Outputs
What is the new Business or Operating Model for
the Library ??
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Main Library-type Environmentals

• Changing publisher models
• Insatiable information need of users with no
  recognition of cost
• Open Access
• Long Tail
• Online Learning
• Re-inventing the library

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Traditional Publishing cycle
User as Author
Publisher
User as Reader
Librarian as funder
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Traditional Publishing cycle
User as Author
IPR
Publisher
User as Reader
Librarian as funder
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Traditional Publishing cycle
User as Author
IPR
Publisher
User as Reader

Librarian as funder
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New Publishing Business Model 1
User as Author
Publisher
Impact of Open Access
User as Reader
Librarian as funder
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New Publishing Business Model 1A
User as Author
Publisher
Impact of Open Access
User as Reader
Librarian as funder
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New Publishing Business Model 2
User as Author
Publisher
User as Reader
Go direct pay per view
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Publisher

• What Value ?
• To Whom ?
• For What ?
• For how much ?
• Against Whom ?
• How ?

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Publishing cycles New and Old
User as Author
IPR
Publisher
Impact of Open Access
User as Reader
Go direct pay per view

Librarian as funder
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Open Access.. The current debate

• Scholarly Journals
• Institutional Repositories
• Preservation of Digital resources

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Current Author Pays Fees Unsustainable Mabe
Estimated STM industry mean (John Cox
Associates)
Estimated costs per article for selected
journals assumes all authors pay thousands
10.0
9.2
7.6
7.0
6.4
3.8
PloS Au charge
BMC Au Charge
Science
Cell
Immunity
BioScience
Cancer Cell
Est. STM Industry mean
Drivers of cost per article
Rejection rates
High
Low
Format
Print electronic
Electronic only
Production quality
High
Low
All these costs per article have to increased by
33.3 and 16.6 50 to account for poorer
authors and corporate free riders. This would
make the average 5,700 and the Science charge
15,000 per paper, difficult for even funding
bodies to afford
Courtesy Colin Steele
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Impact of Internet to create Long Tail

• Music Industry
• iTunes, MusicMatch etc
• Book Industry
• Amazon.com,
• INTEREST IN OLDER MATERIALS IS RE-VITALISED
• INTEREST IN OLDER MATERIALS BECAUSE THEY ARE AT
  FINGER TIPS

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Future Academic Library Models

• Should be closely involved with Scholarly
  publishing in digital form
• Creation of Institutional Digital repositories
  essential
• Offer a mix of digital resources. but deliver
  all services digitally

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Publishing cycle
User as Author
IPR
Publisher
Competing systems or co-existing?
Impact of Open Access
User as Reader

Librarian as funder
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• Strength of the Physical Library must not become
  weakness
• Should be working with other libraries to ensure
  best use of resources
• Cataloguing of resources across different
  libraries
• Pools of shared available skills
• Shared storage of low-use materials

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Small independent libraries
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Networked librariesDecentralised
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Learning and Teaching

• Focus on integral involvement in Learning and
  Teaching search and skill
• The Library is primarily the professionals who
  understand and have navigational skills
• Creation and support of Learning resources for
  students
• Merger of BlackBoard and WebCT impact

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Principles driving Academic Libraries to the
Future

• Historical greatest strength may be greatest
  weakness
• Process work, Collections and physical Library
• Ignore competitors such as Internet, Google at
  ones peril
• Shared skill services and Legacy collections very
  important
• Failure to meet customer need
• Per ceptions of need for library

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What have we seen thus far?

• Future models are not unlimited but many options
• Remembering that future is very closeand
  changing
• Are collections in our future ?
• Publisher now have options, do we ??
• Looking for partners, not doing everything
  ourselves
• Planning is essential
• Need to take risks, not being risk averse
• Knowledge is important, judgement is critical

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Thank you !