Good Governance: Role of Civil Society

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Good Governance Role of Civil Society

• By Ma. Caroline R. Belisario
• Procurement Watch, Inc.

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Philippines is composed of 7107 islands 89
Million people GDP is Php1.47Billion (3rd Qtr
2006) Per Capita Income of 920
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Procurement Watch, Inc. (PWI)

• Established in 15 February 2001
• Non-stock, non-profit non-governmental
  organization (NGO)/civil society organization
• Curb graft corruption in public procurement
  through research, advocacy, partnerships, and
  training
• Envisions itself as a change agent in achieving a
  corruption-resistant public procurement system
• Board is composed of reform minded individuals
• Member of Transparency Accountability Network

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PWI Approach

• Partnership with
• Reform-minded
• officials
• in government.
• Corruption,
• not Government
• is the enemy

• Systems
• approach to
• combating corruption
• in public procurement.
• Witch hunting is not
• our business

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PWI Strategy
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Advocacy

• Advocated for the passage of a procurement bill
  into law
• Government Procurement Reform Act (GPRA) mandates
  inclusion of a civil society organization as Bids
  and Awards Committee (BAC) observer
• Part of the Technical Working Group (TWG) that
  helped draft the law its IRR
• Member of the TWG of the GPPB (procurement
  oversight committee)

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Training

• Provides capacity building training to CSOs and
  partner government agencies on the GPRA its IRR
• Developed Standard Training Modules on the GPRA
  for BAC Observers Trainers
• Trained more than 800 individuals, 152
  organizations nationwide
• Feedback from the field becomes input for policy
  recommendations and future amendments of the law.

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Partnership

• Member of TAN umbrella of CSOs
• As BAC Observer, monitored bidding activities of
  more than 20 government agencies including DOH
• Ongoing partnership with the Office of the
  Ombudsman for a feedback and complaint handling
  mechanism for BAC Observers
• Part of CSO Coalition to strengthen DPWH national
  road services
• Partnership with Department of Health (DOH) since
  2001
• MOA with Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center to
  assess procurement systems/spending patterns

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Research

• Case Studies on Bidding Schemes prices of
  homogeneous medicines
• Differential Expenditure Efficiency Measurement
  (DEEM) Tool
• Good Governance in the Pharmaceutical Sector (WHO
  project)

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DEEM Tool

• In partnership with the U.P. College of
  Statistics
• Quantitative tool which aims to address the call
  for an objective and concrete standard measuring
  changes in operating efficiency as basis for
  evaluating impact of reforms within agency
• Pilot agency is the Jose R. Reyes Memorial
  Medical Center (DOH hospital)

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DEEM Tool

• Methodology and sampling frame was developed
• Presentation of findings on 13 March 2007 to
  developing partners, DOH, JRRMMC, Academe and
  CSOs
• Proposed Phase II - More qualitative analysis on
  data
• Expanded implementation to other
  agencies/hospitals

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Unethical practices can be found throughout
medicines chain are very diverse
RD and clinical trials
Patent
Manufacturing
Collusion
Registration
Evergreening
Bribery
Pricing
Fraud
Overinvoicing
Selection
Cartels
Procurement import
Falsification of safety/Efficacy data
Counterfeit/ substandards
Distribution
Promotion
Conflict of interest
Unethical donations
Inspection
Unethicalpromotion
State/regulatory capture
Pressure
Tax evasion
Thefts
Slide courtesy of Dr. Baghdadi
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GGM Tool

• WHO Commission a study in 2005 to focus on
  medicines registration, selection and procurement
• Methodology provides both qualitative
  quantitative info on level of transparency
• Philippines interviewed 35 KIs (12
  registration/12 selection/11 procurement)
• Each yes answer 1, no 0
• Zero represents potential vulnerability to
  corruption

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Data Analysis Scoring

• The ten point rating system represents the
• following degrees of vulnerability to
• corruption

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• The Study yielded the following results

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Developing an Ethical Framework

• Held a National Workshop informing DOH results of
  study - 31 Aug to 02 Sept 2006
• Brochure advocating core values
• Conducted a consensus-building workshop on
  ethical framework 29 to 30 Nov 2006
• Unified Core Values
• Draft Administrative Order to adopt and implement
  promoting core values in work environment
• Integrity Development Council (IDC) of the DOH to
  finalize Code of Ethics No Gifts Policy
  Guidelines for DOH Employees

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Raising Awareness
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More Development

• Fourmula One Directive of DOH Secretary promoting
  among others good governance, accessibility of
  essential medicines
• Moral Values formation module (Ehem-Aha)
  introduced by the Office of the Ombudsman is
  included in DOH training sessions
• IDC finalizing Code of Ethics
• BFAD (regulatory arm of the DOH) started training
  sessions on ethical framework
• Pending bill in Congress to cut medicine prices
  in half

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Next Steps

• Seek funding to continue and expand DEEM Tool
• Seek funding to expand GGM study to cover Drug
  Promotions and Inspection
• Socialization of the Ethical Framework
• Regularly meet with the core TWG on ethical
  framework to assess progress

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Contact Us

• Procurement Watch, Inc.
• Unit 2507, Medical Plaza
• Ortigas Condominium
• 25 San Miguel Ave.
• Ortigas Center, Pasig City
• Philippines
• Tel. [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• crbelisario_at_yahoo.com